سومر (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "سومر" in Persian language version.

refsWebsite

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9web.archive.org

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7books.google.com

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5archive.org

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3uchicago.edu

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2britannica.com

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2google.nl

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1metmuseum.org

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1britishmuseum.org

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1theeffect.org

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1google.co.uk

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1brillonline.nl

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1sumerian.org

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1upenn.edu

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1doi.org

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1nih.gov

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1ucr.edu

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1archive.today

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1brown.edu

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1ldolphin.org

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1akhbar-rooz.com

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akhbar-rooz.com

«akhbare-rooz (iranian political Bulletin)». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۵ آوریل ۲۰۰۸. دریافت‌شده در ۱۴ آوریل ۲۰۰۸.

archive.org

W. Hallo; W. Simpson (1971). The Ancient Near East. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. p. 28.
ĝir₁₅ means "native, local", in some contexts also is "noble"[۱] بایگانی‌شده در ۲۸ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۷ توسط Wayback Machine. Literally, "land of the native (local, noble) lords". Stiebing (1994) has "Land of the Lords of Brightness" (William Stiebing, Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture). Postgate (1994) takes en as substituting eme "language", translating "land of the Sumerian tongue" (John Nicholas Postgate (1994). Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History. Routledge (UK).. Postgate believes it likely that eme, 'tongue', became en, 'lord', through consonantal assimilation).
Roux, Georges (March 1, 1993). Ancient Iraq. Harmondsworth: Penguin. ISBN 978-0-14-012523-8.
Sayce, Rev. A. H. (1908). The Archaeology of the Cuneiform Inscriptions (2nd revised ed.). London, Brighton, New York: Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge. pp. 98–100.
Campbell, Lyle; Mauricio J. Mixco (2007). A glossary of historical linguistics. Edinburgh University Press. p. 196. ISBN 978-0-7486-2379-2.

archive.today

«Harmansah, Ömür, The Archaeology of Mesopotamia: Ceremonial centers, urbanization and state formation in Southern Mesopotamia, 2007, p.699». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۱ آوریل ۲۰۱۵. دریافت‌شده در ۲۵ ژوئن ۲۰۱۵.

books.google.com

Kleniewski, Nancy; Thomas, Alexander R (2010-03-26). "Cities, Change, and Conflict: A Political Economy of Urban Life". ISBN 978-0-495-81222-7. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Maisels, Charles Keith (1993). "The Near East: Archaeology in the "Cradle of Civilization"". ISBN 978-0-415-04742-5. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Maisels, Charles Keith (2001). "Early Civilizations of the Old World: The Formative Histories of Egypt, the Levant, Mesopotamia, India and China". ISBN 978-0-415-10976-5. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Shaw, Ian; Jameson, Robert (2002). "A dictionary of archaeology". ISBN 978-0-631-23583-5. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
Diakonoff, I. M.; D'I︠A︡konov, Igor' Mik︠h︡aílovich (1991). Early Antiquity. University of Chicago Press. p. 102. ISBN 978-0-226-14465-8.
Karen Rhea Nemet-Nejat (30 September 1998). Daily life in ancient Mesopotamia. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 13. ISBN 978-0-313-29497-6. Retrieved 29 November 2011.
Gender and the Journal: Diaries and Academic Discourse p. 62 by Cinthia Gannett, 1992

brillonline.nl

Streck, Michael P. "Sumerisch^{^{[پیوند مرده]}}." Der Neue Pauly. Herausgegeben von: Hubert Cancik und Helmuth Schneider (Antike), Manfred Landfester (Rezeptions- und Wissenschaftsgeschichte). Brill, 2008. Brill Online. UNIVERSITEITSBIBLIOTHEEK LEIDEN. 03 November 2008.

britannica.com

"Sumer (ancient region, Iraq)". Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Britannica.com. Retrieved 2012-03-29.
language isolate and the oldest written language in existence. First attested about 3100 BC in southern Mesopotamia, it flourished during the 3rd millennium BC. About 2000 BC, Sumerian was replaced as a spoken language by Semitic Akkadian (Assyro-Babylonian) but continued in written usage almost to the end of the life of the Akkadian language, around the beginning of the Christian era. Sumerian never extended much beyond its original boundaries in southern Mesopotamia; the small number of its native speakers was entirely out of proportion to the tremendous importance and influence Sumerian exercised on the development of the Mesopotamian and other ancient civilizations in all their stages.Sumerian language-britannica

britishmuseum.org

"Ubaid Culture", The British Museum

brown.edu

proteus.brown.edu

«Harmansah, Ömür, The Archaeology of Mesopotamia: Ceremonial centers, urbanization and state formation in Southern Mesopotamia, 2007, p.699». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۱ آوریل ۲۰۱۵. دریافت‌شده در ۲۵ ژوئن ۲۰۱۵.

doi.org

Thompson, William R.; Hay, ID (2004). "Complexity, Diminishing Marginal Returns and Serial Mesopotamian Fragmentation" (PDF). Journal of World Systems Research. 10 (3): 612–652. doi:10.1007/s00268-004-7605-z. PMID 15517490. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2015.

google.co.uk

books.google.co.uk

Deutscher, Guy (2007). Syntactic Change in Akkadian: The Evolution of Sentential Complementation. Oxford University Press US. pp. 20–21. ISBN 978-0-19-953222-3.

google.nl

books.google.nl

Elizabeth F. Henrickson, Ingolf Thuesen, I. Thuesen (1989). Upon this Foundation: The N̜baid Reconsidered: Proceedings from the U̜baid Symposium, Elsinore, May 30th-June 1st 1988. p. 353.{{cite book}}: نگهداری یادکرد:نام‌های متعدد:فهرست نویسندگان (link)
Jean-Jacques Glassner (2003). The Invention of Cuneiform: Writing in Sumer. p. 31.

ldolphin.org

«نسخه آرشیو شده». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۲۹ اکتبر ۲۰۰۵. دریافت‌شده در ۲۵ ژوئن ۲۰۱۵.

metmuseum.org

"The Ubaid Period (5500–4000 B.C.)" In Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History. Department of Ancient Near Eastern Art. The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York (October 2003)

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Thompson, William R.; Hay, ID (2004). "Complexity, Diminishing Marginal Returns and Serial Mesopotamian Fragmentation" (PDF). Journal of World Systems Research. 10 (3): 612–652. doi:10.1007/s00268-004-7605-z. PMID 15517490. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2015.

sumerian.org

«Sumerian Questions and Answers». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۴ آوریل ۲۰۱۲. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰ مه ۲۰۱۱.

theeffect.org

Hamblin, Dora Jane (May 1987). "Has the Garden of Eden been located at last?" (PDF). Smithsonian Magazine. 18 (2). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.

uchicago.edu

oi.uchicago.edu

"Ancient Mesopotamia. Teaching materials". Oriental Institute in collaboration with Chicago Web Docent and eCUIP, The Digital Library. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
«"Beyond the Ubaid", (Carter, Rober A. and Graham, Philip, eds.), University of Durham, April 2006» (PDF). بایگانی‌شده از اصلی (PDF) در ۲۱ مارس ۲۰۱۴. دریافت‌شده در ۱۶ ژوئن ۲۰۱۵.
Woods C. 2006 “Bilingualism, Scribal Learning, and the Death of Sumerian” بایگانی‌شده در ۲۹ آوریل ۲۰۱۳ توسط Wayback Machine. In S.L. Sanders (ed) Margins of Writing, Origins of Culture: 91-120 Chicago

ucr.edu

jwsr.ucr.edu

Thompson, William R.; Hay, ID (2004). "Complexity, Diminishing Marginal Returns and Serial Mesopotamian Fragmentation" (PDF). Journal of World Systems Research. 10 (3): 612–652. doi:10.1007/s00268-004-7605-z. PMID 15517490. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2015.

upenn.edu

psd.museum.upenn.edu

ĝir₁₅ means "native, local", in some contexts also is "noble"[۱] بایگانی‌شده در ۲۸ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۷ توسط Wayback Machine. Literally, "land of the native (local, noble) lords". Stiebing (1994) has "Land of the Lords of Brightness" (William Stiebing, Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture). Postgate (1994) takes en as substituting eme "language", translating "land of the Sumerian tongue" (John Nicholas Postgate (1994). Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History. Routledge (UK).. Postgate believes it likely that eme, 'tongue', became en, 'lord', through consonantal assimilation).

web.archive.org

"Ancient Mesopotamia. Teaching materials". Oriental Institute in collaboration with Chicago Web Docent and eCUIP, The Digital Library. Archived from the original on 5 November 2013. Retrieved 5 March 2015.
«"Beyond the Ubaid", (Carter, Rober A. and Graham, Philip, eds.), University of Durham, April 2006» (PDF). بایگانی‌شده از اصلی (PDF) در ۲۱ مارس ۲۰۱۴. دریافت‌شده در ۱۶ ژوئن ۲۰۱۵.
Hamblin, Dora Jane (May 1987). "Has the Garden of Eden been located at last?" (PDF). Smithsonian Magazine. 18 (2). Archived from the original (PDF) on 9 January 2014. Retrieved 8 January 2014.
«Sumerian Questions and Answers». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۴ آوریل ۲۰۱۲. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰ مه ۲۰۱۱.
ĝir₁₅ means "native, local", in some contexts also is "noble"[۱] بایگانی‌شده در ۲۸ ژوئیه ۲۰۱۷ توسط Wayback Machine. Literally, "land of the native (local, noble) lords". Stiebing (1994) has "Land of the Lords of Brightness" (William Stiebing, Ancient Near Eastern History and Culture). Postgate (1994) takes en as substituting eme "language", translating "land of the Sumerian tongue" (John Nicholas Postgate (1994). Early Mesopotamia: Society and Economy at the Dawn of History. Routledge (UK).. Postgate believes it likely that eme, 'tongue', became en, 'lord', through consonantal assimilation).
Thompson, William R.; Hay, ID (2004). "Complexity, Diminishing Marginal Returns and Serial Mesopotamian Fragmentation" (PDF). Journal of World Systems Research. 10 (3): 612–652. doi:10.1007/s00268-004-7605-z. PMID 15517490. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 February 2012. Retrieved 25 June 2015.
«نسخه آرشیو شده». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۲۹ اکتبر ۲۰۰۵. دریافت‌شده در ۲۵ ژوئن ۲۰۱۵.
Woods C. 2006 “Bilingualism, Scribal Learning, and the Death of Sumerian” بایگانی‌شده در ۲۹ آوریل ۲۰۱۳ توسط Wayback Machine. In S.L. Sanders (ed) Margins of Writing, Origins of Culture: 91-120 Chicago
«akhbare-rooz (iranian political Bulletin)». بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۱۵ آوریل ۲۰۰۸. دریافت‌شده در ۱۴ آوریل ۲۰۰۸.