مسیحیت و استعمار (Persian Wikipedia)

Chiwanza, Takudzwa Hillary. "How Christianity Was Used to Exploit Africans". The African Exponent (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 5 May 2019. Retrieved 2019-05-05.

amazon.com

Samuel Hugh Moffett, A History of Christianity in Asia, Vol. II: 1500–1900 (2003) online.

archive.org

van Oss, Adriaan C. (1986). Catholic Colonialism: A Parish History of Guatemala, 1524–1821.
Cushner, Nicholas P. (1980). Lords of the Land: Sugar, Wine, and Jesuit Estates of Coastal Peru, 1600–1767. SUNY Press.
Cushner, Nicholas P. (1983). Jesuit Ranches and the Agrarian Development of Colonial Argentina, 1650–1767. SUNY Press.
Vowel, Chelsea (2016). Indigenous Writes: A Guide to First Nations, Métis, and Inuit Issues in Canada. Highwater Press. p. 171. ISBN 978-1-55379-680-0.
Lauren Benton (2002). Law and Colonial Cultures: Legal Regimes in World History, 1400-1900. Cambridge University Press. pp. 121. ISBN 978-0-521-00926-3.
Rodney, Walter (2011). How Europe Underdeveloped Africa. Baltimore: Black Classic Press. pp. 252. ISBN 978-1-57478-052-9.

books.google.com

Comaroff, Jean; Comaroff, John (2010) [1997]. "Africa Observed: Discourses of the Imperial Imagination". In Grinker, Roy R.; Lubkemann, Stephen C.; Steiner, Christopher B. (eds.). Perspectives on Africa: A Reader in Culture, History and Representation (2nd ed.). Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. p. 32. ISBN 978-1-4443-3522-4.
Glenn Ames (2012). Ivana Elbl (ed.). Portugal and its Empire, 1250-1800 (Collected Essays in Memory of Glenn J. Ames). : Portuguese Studies Review, Vol. 17, No. 1. Trent University Press. pp. 12–15 with footnotes, context: 11–32.
Lauren Benton (2002). Law and Colonial Cultures: Legal Regimes in World History, 1400-1900. Cambridge University Press. pp. 114–126. ISBN 978-0-521-00926-3.
Teotonio R. De Souza (1994). Discoveries, Missionary Expansion, and Asian Cultures. Concept. pp. 93–95. ISBN 978-81-7022-497-6.
Rene J. Barendse (2009). Arabian Seas, 1700 - 1763. BRILL Academic. pp. 697–698. ISBN 978-90-04-17658-4.
Rene J. Barendse (2009). Arabian Seas, 1700 - 1763. BRILL Academic. pp. 435–436 with footnotes. ISBN 978-90-04-17658-4.
Teotonio R. De Souza (1994). Goa to Me. Concept. pp. 112–113. ISBN 978-81-7022-504-1.
Gerald K. Tanye (2010). The Church-as-family and Ethnocentrism in Sub-Saharan Africa. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 64. ISBN 978-3-643-10797-8.

cambridge.org

Nikolova, Elena; Polansky, Jakub (2020). "Conversionary Protestants Do Not Cause Democracy". British Journal of Political Science (به انگلیسی). 51 (4): 1723–1733. doi:10.1017/S0007123420000174. hdl:10419/214629. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 234540943.

cruxnow.com

"Pope Francis: Ideological colonisation a 'blasphemy against God'". Crux (به انگلیسی). 2017-11-21. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 2019-09-25.

culturalsurvival.org

"Shedding Light on Canada's "Cultural Genocide"". Cultural Survival (به انگلیسی). 2015-06-22. Retrieved 2022-09-18.‏

doi.org

Andrews, Edward (2010). "Christian Missions and Colonial Empires Reconsidered: A Black Evangelist in West Africa, 1766–1816". Journal of Church & State. 51 (4): 663–691. doi:10.1093/jcs/csp090.
Nikolova, Elena; Polansky, Jakub (2020). "Conversionary Protestants Do Not Cause Democracy". British Journal of Political Science (به انگلیسی). 51 (4): 1723–1733. doi:10.1017/S0007123420000174. hdl:10419/214629. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 234540943.
Comaroff, Jean; Comaroff, John (1986). "Christianity and Colonialism in South Africa b". American Ethnologist. 13 (1): 1–22. doi:10.1525/ae.1986.13.1.02a00010.
Masondo, Sibusiso (2018). "Ironies of Christian Presence in Southern Africa". Journal for the Study of Religion. 31 (2): 209–231. doi:10.17159/2413-3027/2018/v31n2a10. JSTOR 26778582.

encyclopedia.com

"Christianity and Colonial Expansion in the Americas | Encyclopedia.com". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2019-05-05.

ensani.ir

«دربار ساسانی و مسیحیان: مدارا یا تعصب». پرتال جامع علوم انسانی. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰۲۱-۱۰-۳۱.‏

foreignpolicy.com

Soloway, Benjamin. "Pope Francis Apologizes for Church's Colonial Sins". Foreign Policy (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2019-09-25.

google.co.ug

books.google.co.ug

Low, D.A. (2009). Fabrication of Empire: The British and the Uganda Kingdoms, 1890-1902 (به انگلیسی). Cambridge University Press. p. 210. Retrieved 2022-09-19.‏

handle.net

hdl.handle.net

Nikolova, Elena; Polansky, Jakub (2020). "Conversionary Protestants Do Not Cause Democracy". British Journal of Political Science (به انگلیسی). 51 (4): 1723–1733. doi:10.1017/S0007123420000174. hdl:10419/214629. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 234540943.

hillcountryinstitute.org

Robert D. Woodberry, "The missionary roots of liberal democracy." American Political Science Review 106#2 (2012): 244–274. online بایگانی‌شده در ۲۰۱۷-۰۸-۰۹ توسط Wayback Machine

japantimes.co.jp

Hoffman, Michael (2014-12-20). "Christian missionaries find Japan a tough nut to crack". The Japan Times Online (به انگلیسی). ISSN 0447-5763. Retrieved 2019-05-05.

jstor.org

Daniel Hechenberger, "The Jesuits: History and Impact: From Their Origins Prior to the Baroque Crisis to Their Role in the Illinois Country." Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society 100#2 (2007): 85–109 Online.
James E. Genova,. "Conflicted missionaries: power and identity in French West Africa during the 1930s." The Historian 66.1 (2004): 45–66. Online
Masondo, Sibusiso (2018). "Ironies of Christian Presence in Southern Africa". Journal for the Study of Religion. 31 (2): 209–231. doi:10.17159/2413-3027/2018/v31n2a10. JSTOR 26778582.

newsmaven.io

"Pope Francis Apologizes to Indigenous Peoples for 'Grave Sins' of Colonialism". IndianCountryToday.com (به انگلیسی). Retrieved 2019-09-25.

notesfromasmallplace.wordpress.com

Meador, Jake. "Cosmetic Christianity and the Problem of Colonialism – Responding to Brian McLaren". Retrieved 2010-11-17. According to Jake Meador, "some Christians have tried to make sense of post-colonial Christianity by renouncing practically everything about the Christianity of the colonizers. They reason that if the colonialists’ understanding of Christianity could be used to justify rape, murder, theft, and empire then their understanding of Christianity is completely wrong.

paymanonline.com

«سکه شاپور دوم با نقش صلیب - پیمان». paymanonline.com. 2010-01-01. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۹ اكتبر ۲۰۲۲. دریافت‌شده در 2021-11-01. تاریخ وارد شده در |archive-date= را بررسی کنید (کمک)‏

pewresearch.org

assets.pewresearch.org

"Religion and Education Around the World" (PDF). Pew Research Center. 19 December 2011. Retrieved December 13, 2016.

researchgate.net

Pierre Guidi, "‘For good, God, and the Empire’: French Franciscan sisters in Ethiopia 1896–1937." History of Education 47.3 (2018): 384–398. online

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Nikolova, Elena; Polansky, Jakub (2020). "Conversionary Protestants Do Not Cause Democracy". British Journal of Political Science (به انگلیسی). 51 (4): 1723–1733. doi:10.1017/S0007123420000174. hdl:10419/214629. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 234540943.

thedp.com

Taimur Khan, "Religion in colonial Africa: Professor Heather Sharkey spoke about the role of Christian missionaries in the region" The Daily Pennsylvanian Oct 29, 2002

theguardian.com

Reuters (2015-07-10). "Unbridled capitalism is the 'dung of the devil', says Pope Francis". The Guardian (به انگلیسی). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-09-25.

web.archive.org

«سکه شاپور دوم با نقش صلیب - پیمان». paymanonline.com. 2010-01-01. بایگانی‌شده از اصلی در ۹ اكتبر ۲۰۲۲. دریافت‌شده در 2021-11-01. تاریخ وارد شده در |archive-date= را بررسی کنید (کمک)‏
Robert D. Woodberry, "The missionary roots of liberal democracy." American Political Science Review 106#2 (2012): 244–274. online بایگانی‌شده در ۲۰۱۷-۰۸-۰۹ توسط Wayback Machine
Chiwanza, Takudzwa Hillary. "How Christianity Was Used to Exploit Africans". The African Exponent (به انگلیسی). Archived from the original on 5 May 2019. Retrieved 2019-05-05.
"Pope Francis: Ideological colonisation a 'blasphemy against God'". Crux (به انگلیسی). 2017-11-21. Archived from the original on 22 September 2022. Retrieved 2019-09-25.

worldcat.org

MacCulloch, Diarmaid, author. (2011). Christianity: the first three thousand years. ISBN 978-0-14-311869-5. OCLC 698442581. {{cite book}}: |last= has generic name (help)نگهداری یادکرد:نام‌های متعدد:فهرست نویسندگان (link)
Hoffman, Michael (2014-12-20). "Christian missionaries find Japan a tough nut to crack". The Japan Times Online (به انگلیسی). ISSN 0447-5763. Retrieved 2019-05-05.
Nikolova, Elena; Polansky, Jakub (2020). "Conversionary Protestants Do Not Cause Democracy". British Journal of Political Science (به انگلیسی). 51 (4): 1723–1733. doi:10.1017/S0007123420000174. hdl:10419/214629. ISSN 0007-1234. S2CID 234540943.
Reuters (2015-07-10). "Unbridled capitalism is the 'dung of the devil', says Pope Francis". The Guardian (به انگلیسی). ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2019-09-25.