ژن (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "ژن" in Persian language version.

refsWebsite

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37nih.gov

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25doi.org

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5harvard.edu

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5semanticscholar.org

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2archive.org

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2nature.com

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2genetics.org

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1archives-ouvertes.fr

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1medlineplus.gov

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1worldcat.org

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1web.archive.org

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1biodiversitylibrary.org

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1genome.gov

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archive.org

Kampourakis K (2017). Making Sense of Genes. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Hirsch ED (2002). The new dictionary of cultural literacy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-22647-8. OCLC 50166721.

archives-ouvertes.fr

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Orgogozo V, Peluffo AE, Morizot B (2016). "The "Mendelian Gene" and the "Molecular Gene": Two Relevant Concepts of Genetic Units" (PDF). Current Topics in Developmental Biology. 119: 1–26. doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.03.002. PMID 27282022. S2CID 24583286.

biodiversitylibrary.org

Johannsen W (1909). Elemente der exakten Erblichkeitslehre [Elements of the exact theory of heredity] (به آلمانی). Jena, Germany: Gustav Fischer. p. 124. From p. 124: "Dieses "etwas" in den Gameten bezw. in der Zygote, … – kurz, was wir eben Gene nennen wollen – bedingt sind." (This "something" in the gametes or in the zygote, which has crucial importance for the character of the organism, is usually called by the quite ambiguous term Anlagen [primordium, from the German word Anlage for "plan, arrangement ; rough sketch"]. Many other terms have been suggested, mostly unfortunately in closer connection with certain hypothetical opinions. The word "pangene", which was introduced by Darwin, is perhaps used most frequently in place of Anlagen. However, the word "pangene" was not well chosen, as it is a compound word containing the roots pan (the neuter form of Πας all, every) and gen (from γί-γ(ε)ν-ομαι, to become). Only the meaning of this latter [i.e., gen] comes into consideration here ; just the basic idea – [namely,] that a trait in the developing organism can be determined or is influenced by "something" in the gametes – should find expression. No hypothesis about the nature of this "something" should be postulated or supported by it. For that reason it seems simplest to use in isolation the last syllable gen from Darwin's well-known word, which alone is of interest to us, in order to replace, with it, the poor, ambiguous word Anlage. Thus we will say simply "gene" and "genes" for "pangene" and "pangenes". The word gene is completely free of any hypothesis ; it expresses only the established fact that in any case many traits of the organism are determined by specific, separable, and thus independent "conditions", "foundations", "plans" – in short, precisely what we want to call genes.)

doi.org

Gericke N, Hagberg M (5 December 2006). "Definition of historical models of gene function and their relation to students' understanding of genetics". Science & Education. 16 (7–8): 849–881. Bibcode:2007Sc&Ed..16..849G. doi:10.1007/s11191-006-9064-4. S2CID 144613322.
Orgogozo V, Peluffo AE, Morizot B (2016). "The "Mendelian Gene" and the "Molecular Gene": Two Relevant Concepts of Genetic Units" (PDF). Current Topics in Developmental Biology. 119: 1–26. doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.03.002. PMID 27282022. S2CID 24583286.
Flores R, Di Serio F, Hernández C (February 1997). "Viroids: The Noncoding Genomes". Seminars in Virology. 8 (1): 65–73. doi:10.1006/smvy.1997.0107.
Eddy SR (December 2001). "Non-coding RNA genes and the modern RNA world". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 2 (12): 919–29. doi:10.1038/35103511. PMID 11733745. S2CID 18347629.
Jacob F, Monod J (June 1961). "Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins". Journal of Molecular Biology. 3 (3): 318–56. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(61)80072-7. PMID 13718526. S2CID 19804795.
Nachman MW, Crowell SL (September 2000). "Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans". Genetics. 156 (1): 297–304. doi:10.1093/genetics/156.1.297. PMC 1461236. PMID 10978293.
Guerzoni D, McLysaght A (November 2011). "De novo origins of human genes". PLOS Genetics. 7 (11): e1002381. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002381. PMC 3213182. PMID 22102832.
Reams AB, Roth JR (February 2015). "Mechanisms of gene duplication and amplification". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 7 (2): a016592. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016592. PMC 4315931. PMID 25646380.
Elston RC, Satagopan JM, Sun S (2012). "Genetic terminology". Statistical Human Genetics. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 850. Humana Press. pp. 1–9. doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-555-8_1. ISBN 978-1-61779-554-1. PMC 4450815. PMID 22307690.
Demuth JP, De Bie T, Stajich JE, Cristianini N, Hahn MW (December 2006). "The evolution of mammalian gene families". PLOS ONE. 1 (1): e85. Bibcode:2006PLoSO...1...85D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000085. PMC 1762380. PMID 17183716.
Roth SC (July 2019). "What is genomic medicine?". Journal of the Medical Library Association. University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. 107 (3): 442–448. doi:10.5195/jmla.2019.604. PMC 6579593. PMID 31258451.
Mortazavi A, Williams BA, McCue K, Schaeffer L, Wold B (July 2008). "Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq". Nature Methods. 5 (7): 621–8. doi:10.1038/nmeth.1226. PMID 18516045. S2CID 205418589.
Bicknell AA, Cenik C, Chua HN, Roth FP, Moore MJ (December 2012). "Introns in UTRs: why we should stop ignoring them". BioEssays. 34 (12): 1025–34. doi:10.1002/bies.201200073. PMID 23108796.
Gericke, Niklas Markus; Hagberg, Mariana (5 December 2006). "Definition of historical models of gene function and their relation to students' understanding of genetics". Science & Education. 16 (7–8): 849–881. Bibcode:2007Sc&Ed..16..849G. doi:10.1007/s11191-006-9064-4. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
Marande W, Burger G (October 2007). "Mitochondrial DNA as a genomic jigsaw puzzle". Science. AAAS. 318 (5849): 415. Bibcode:2007Sci...318..415M. doi:10.1126/science.1148033. PMID 17947575.
Parra G, Reymond A, Dabbouseh N, Dermitzakis ET, Castelo R, Thomson TM, et al. (January 2006). "Tandem chimerism as a means to increase protein complexity in the human genome". Genome Research. 16 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1101/gr.4145906. PMC 1356127. PMID 16344564.
Eddy SR (December 2001). "Non-coding RNA genes and the modern RNA world". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 2 (12): 919–29. doi:10.1038/35103511. PMID 11733745.
Crick FH (October 1962). "The genetic code". Scientific American. WH Freeman and Company. 207 (4): 66–74. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1062-66. PMID 13882204.
Woodson SA (May 1998). "Ironing out the kinks: splicing and translation in bacteria". Genes & Development. 12 (9): 1243–7. doi:10.1101/gad.12.9.1243. PMID 9573040.
Jacob F, Monod J (June 1961). "Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins". Journal of Molecular Biology. 3 (3): 318–56. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(61)80072-7. PMID 13718526.
Belyi VA, Levine AJ, Skalka AM (December 2010). "Sequences from ancestral single-stranded DNA viruses in vertebrate genomes: the parvoviridae and circoviridae are more than 40 to 50 million years old". Journal of Virology. 84 (23): 12458–62. doi:10.1128/JVI.01789-10. PMC 2976387. PMID 20861255.
Zonneveld, B.J.M. (2010). "New Record Holders for Maximum Genome Size in Eudicots and Monocots". Journal of Botany. 2010: 1–4. doi:10.1155/2010/527357.
Perez-Iratxeta C, Palidwor G, Andrade-Navarro MA (December 2007). "Towards completion of the Earth's proteome". EMBO Reports. 8 (12): 1135–41. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401117. PMC 2267224. PMID 18059312.
Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). "Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes". Genome Biology. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMC 2898077. PMID 20441615.
Claverie JM (September 2005). "Fewer genes, more noncoding RNA". Science. 309 (5740): 1529–30. Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1529C. doi:10.1126/science.1116800. PMID 16141064.

genetics.org

Nachman MW, Crowell SL (September 2000). "Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans". Genetics. 156 (1): 297–304. doi:10.1093/genetics/156.1.297. PMC 1461236. PMID 10978293.
Nachman MW, Crowell SL (September 2000). "Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans". Genetics. 156 (1): 297–304. PMC 1461236. PMID 10978293.

genome.gov

"1909: The Word Gene Coined". genome.gov. Retrieved 8 March 2021. "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..."

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Gericke N, Hagberg M (5 December 2006). "Definition of historical models of gene function and their relation to students' understanding of genetics". Science & Education. 16 (7–8): 849–881. Bibcode:2007Sc&Ed..16..849G. doi:10.1007/s11191-006-9064-4. S2CID 144613322.
Demuth JP, De Bie T, Stajich JE, Cristianini N, Hahn MW (December 2006). "The evolution of mammalian gene families". PLOS ONE. 1 (1): e85. Bibcode:2006PLoSO...1...85D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000085. PMC 1762380. PMID 17183716.
Gericke, Niklas Markus; Hagberg, Mariana (5 December 2006). "Definition of historical models of gene function and their relation to students' understanding of genetics". Science & Education. 16 (7–8): 849–881. Bibcode:2007Sc&Ed..16..849G. doi:10.1007/s11191-006-9064-4. {{cite journal}}: Unknown parameter |name-list-format= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
Marande W, Burger G (October 2007). "Mitochondrial DNA as a genomic jigsaw puzzle". Science. AAAS. 318 (5849): 415. Bibcode:2007Sci...318..415M. doi:10.1126/science.1148033. PMID 17947575.
Claverie JM (September 2005). "Fewer genes, more noncoding RNA". Science. 309 (5740): 1529–30. Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1529C. doi:10.1126/science.1116800. PMID 16141064.

medlineplus.gov

"What is a gene?: MedlinePlus Genetics". MedlinePlus. 2020-09-17. Retrieved 2021-01-04.

nature.com

Chial H (2008). "Mendelian Genetics: Patterns of Inheritance and Single-Gene Disorders". Nature Education Knowledge. SciTable. Nature Publishing Group. 1 (1): 63.
Miko I (2008). "Gregor Mendel and the Principles of Inheritance". Nature Education Knowledge. SciTable. Nature Publishing Group. 1 (1): 134.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Orgogozo V, Peluffo AE, Morizot B (2016). "The "Mendelian Gene" and the "Molecular Gene": Two Relevant Concepts of Genetic Units" (PDF). Current Topics in Developmental Biology. 119: 1–26. doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.03.002. PMID 27282022. S2CID 24583286.
Eddy SR (December 2001). "Non-coding RNA genes and the modern RNA world". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 2 (12): 919–29. doi:10.1038/35103511. PMID 11733745. S2CID 18347629.
Jacob F, Monod J (June 1961). "Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins". Journal of Molecular Biology. 3 (3): 318–56. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(61)80072-7. PMID 13718526. S2CID 19804795.
Nachman MW, Crowell SL (September 2000). "Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans". Genetics. 156 (1): 297–304. doi:10.1093/genetics/156.1.297. PMC 1461236. PMID 10978293.
Guerzoni D, McLysaght A (November 2011). "De novo origins of human genes". PLOS Genetics. 7 (11): e1002381. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002381. PMC 3213182. PMID 22102832.
Reams AB, Roth JR (February 2015). "Mechanisms of gene duplication and amplification". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 7 (2): a016592. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016592. PMC 4315931. PMID 25646380.
Elston RC, Satagopan JM, Sun S (2012). "Genetic terminology". Statistical Human Genetics. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 850. Humana Press. pp. 1–9. doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-555-8_1. ISBN 978-1-61779-554-1. PMC 4450815. PMID 22307690.
Demuth JP, De Bie T, Stajich JE, Cristianini N, Hahn MW (December 2006). "The evolution of mammalian gene families". PLOS ONE. 1 (1): e85. Bibcode:2006PLoSO...1...85D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000085. PMC 1762380. PMID 17183716.
Roth SC (July 2019). "What is genomic medicine?". Journal of the Medical Library Association. University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. 107 (3): 442–448. doi:10.5195/jmla.2019.604. PMC 6579593. PMID 31258451.
Mortazavi A, Williams BA, McCue K, Schaeffer L, Wold B (July 2008). "Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq". Nature Methods. 5 (7): 621–8. doi:10.1038/nmeth.1226. PMID 18516045. S2CID 205418589.
Bicknell AA, Cenik C, Chua HN, Roth FP, Moore MJ (December 2012). "Introns in UTRs: why we should stop ignoring them". BioEssays. 34 (12): 1025–34. doi:10.1002/bies.201200073. PMID 23108796.
Marande W, Burger G (October 2007). "Mitochondrial DNA as a genomic jigsaw puzzle". Science. AAAS. 318 (5849): 415. Bibcode:2007Sci...318..415M. doi:10.1126/science.1148033. PMID 17947575.
Parra G, Reymond A, Dabbouseh N, Dermitzakis ET, Castelo R, Thomson TM, et al. (January 2006). "Tandem chimerism as a means to increase protein complexity in the human genome". Genome Research. 16 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1101/gr.4145906. PMC 1356127. PMID 16344564.
Eddy SR (December 2001). "Non-coding RNA genes and the modern RNA world". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 2 (12): 919–29. doi:10.1038/35103511. PMID 11733745.
Crick FH (October 1962). "The genetic code". Scientific American. WH Freeman and Company. 207 (4): 66–74. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1062-66. PMID 13882204.
Woodson SA (May 1998). "Ironing out the kinks: splicing and translation in bacteria". Genes & Development. 12 (9): 1243–7. doi:10.1101/gad.12.9.1243. PMID 9573040.
Jacob F, Monod J (June 1961). "Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins". Journal of Molecular Biology. 3 (3): 318–56. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(61)80072-7. PMID 13718526.
Nachman MW, Crowell SL (September 2000). "Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans". Genetics. 156 (1): 297–304. PMC 1461236. PMID 10978293.
Belyi VA, Levine AJ, Skalka AM (December 2010). "Sequences from ancestral single-stranded DNA viruses in vertebrate genomes: the parvoviridae and circoviridae are more than 40 to 50 million years old". Journal of Virology. 84 (23): 12458–62. doi:10.1128/JVI.01789-10. PMC 2976387. PMID 20861255.
Perez-Iratxeta C, Palidwor G, Andrade-Navarro MA (December 2007). "Towards completion of the Earth's proteome". EMBO Reports. 8 (12): 1135–41. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401117. PMC 2267224. PMID 18059312.
Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). "Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes". Genome Biology. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMC 2898077. PMID 20441615.
Claverie JM (September 2005). "Fewer genes, more noncoding RNA". Science. 309 (5740): 1529–30. Bibcode:2005Sci...309.1529C. doi:10.1126/science.1116800. PMID 16141064.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Alberts B, Johnson A, Lewis J, Raff M, Roberts K, Walter P (2002). Molecular Biology of the Cell (Fourth ed.). New York: Garland Science. ISBN 978-0-8153-3218-3.
Nachman MW, Crowell SL (September 2000). "Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans". Genetics. 156 (1): 297–304. doi:10.1093/genetics/156.1.297. PMC 1461236. PMID 10978293.
Guerzoni D, McLysaght A (November 2011). "De novo origins of human genes". PLOS Genetics. 7 (11): e1002381. doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002381. PMC 3213182. PMID 22102832.
Reams AB, Roth JR (February 2015). "Mechanisms of gene duplication and amplification". Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology. 7 (2): a016592. doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a016592. PMC 4315931. PMID 25646380.
Elston RC, Satagopan JM, Sun S (2012). "Genetic terminology". Statistical Human Genetics. Methods in Molecular Biology. Vol. 850. Humana Press. pp. 1–9. doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-555-8_1. ISBN 978-1-61779-554-1. PMC 4450815. PMID 22307690.
Demuth JP, De Bie T, Stajich JE, Cristianini N, Hahn MW (December 2006). "The evolution of mammalian gene families". PLOS ONE. 1 (1): e85. Bibcode:2006PLoSO...1...85D. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0000085. PMC 1762380. PMID 17183716.
Roth SC (July 2019). "What is genomic medicine?". Journal of the Medical Library Association. University Library System, University of Pittsburgh. 107 (3): 442–448. doi:10.5195/jmla.2019.604. PMC 6579593. PMID 31258451.
Parra G, Reymond A, Dabbouseh N, Dermitzakis ET, Castelo R, Thomson TM, et al. (January 2006). "Tandem chimerism as a means to increase protein complexity in the human genome". Genome Research. 16 (1): 37–44. doi:10.1101/gr.4145906. PMC 1356127. PMID 16344564.
Erfan. «PMC». PubMed Central.
Nachman MW, Crowell SL (September 2000). "Estimate of the mutation rate per nucleotide in humans". Genetics. 156 (1): 297–304. PMC 1461236. PMID 10978293.
Belyi VA, Levine AJ, Skalka AM (December 2010). "Sequences from ancestral single-stranded DNA viruses in vertebrate genomes: the parvoviridae and circoviridae are more than 40 to 50 million years old". Journal of Virology. 84 (23): 12458–62. doi:10.1128/JVI.01789-10. PMC 2976387. PMID 20861255.
Perez-Iratxeta C, Palidwor G, Andrade-Navarro MA (December 2007). "Towards completion of the Earth's proteome". EMBO Reports. 8 (12): 1135–41. doi:10.1038/sj.embor.7401117. PMC 2267224. PMID 18059312.
Pertea M, Salzberg SL (2010). "Between a chicken and a grape: estimating the number of human genes". Genome Biology. 11 (5): 206. doi:10.1186/gb-2010-11-5-206. PMC 2898077. PMID 20441615.

nigms.nih.gov

"Studying Genes". nigms.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved 2021-01-15.

profiles.nlm.nih.gov

Crick FH (October 1962). "The genetic code". Scientific American. WH Freeman and Company. 207 (4): 66–74. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican1062-66. PMID 13882204.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Gericke N, Hagberg M (5 December 2006). "Definition of historical models of gene function and their relation to students' understanding of genetics". Science & Education. 16 (7–8): 849–881. Bibcode:2007Sc&Ed..16..849G. doi:10.1007/s11191-006-9064-4. S2CID 144613322.
Orgogozo V, Peluffo AE, Morizot B (2016). "The "Mendelian Gene" and the "Molecular Gene": Two Relevant Concepts of Genetic Units" (PDF). Current Topics in Developmental Biology. 119: 1–26. doi:10.1016/bs.ctdb.2016.03.002. PMID 27282022. S2CID 24583286.
Eddy SR (December 2001). "Non-coding RNA genes and the modern RNA world". Nature Reviews. Genetics. 2 (12): 919–29. doi:10.1038/35103511. PMID 11733745. S2CID 18347629.
Jacob F, Monod J (June 1961). "Genetic regulatory mechanisms in the synthesis of proteins". Journal of Molecular Biology. 3 (3): 318–56. doi:10.1016/S0022-2836(61)80072-7. PMID 13718526. S2CID 19804795.
Mortazavi A, Williams BA, McCue K, Schaeffer L, Wold B (July 2008). "Mapping and quantifying mammalian transcriptomes by RNA-Seq". Nature Methods. 5 (7): 621–8. doi:10.1038/nmeth.1226. PMID 18516045. S2CID 205418589.

web.archive.org

"Studying Genes". nigms.nih.gov. Archived from the original on 17 January 2021. Retrieved 2021-01-15.

worldcat.org

Hirsch ED (2002). The new dictionary of cultural literacy. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-618-22647-8. OCLC 50166721.