کارکرد (زیست‌شناسی) (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "کارکرد (زیست‌شناسی)" in Persian language version.

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11web.archive.org

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11doi.org

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7archive.org

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6semanticscholar.org

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6jstor.org

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5books.google.com

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3stanford.edu

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1biodiversitylibrary.org

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1zfl-berlin.org

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1biological-concepts.com

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1berkeley.edu

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1ishe.org

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1uc.edu

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1nih.gov

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1umich.edu

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1uibk.ac.at

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1psu.edu

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archive.org

Fletcher, John (1837). On the functions of organized beings, and their arrangement. Rudiments of physiology, Part 2. On life, as manifested in irritation. John Carfrae & Son. pp. 1–15.
Zimmer, Carl; Emlen, Douglas J. (2013). Evolution: Making Sense of Life (1st ed.). Roberts and Company Publishers. ISBN 978-1-936221-17-2.
Cummins, Robert (1975). "Functional Analysis". The Journal of Philosophy. 72 (20): 741–765. doi:10.2307/2024640. JSTOR 2024640.
Boorse, Christopher (1977). "Health as a Theoretical Concept". Philosophy of Science. 44 (4): 542–573. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.486.2236. doi:10.1086/288768. JSTOR 186939. S2CID 146325798.
Amundson, Ron; Lauder, George (1994). "Function Without Purpose". Biology and Philosophy. 9 (4): 443–469. doi:10.1007/BF00850375. S2CID 4997676.
Craver, Carl F. (2001). "Role Functions, Mechanisms, and Hierarchy". Philosophy of Science. 68 (1): 53–74. doi:10.1086/392866. JSTOR 3081024. S2CID 35230404.
Neander, Karen (1991). "Functions as Selected Effects: The Conceptual Analyst's Defense". Philosophy of Science. 58 (2): 168–184. doi:10.1086/289610. JSTOR 187457. S2CID 122866072.

berkeley.edu

evolution.berkeley.edu

"Understanding Evolution: Qualifying as an adaptation". University of California at Berkeley. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2016.

biodiversitylibrary.org

Russell, Edward Stewart (1916). Form and Function: A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology. John Murray. Archived from the original on 2023-06-12. Retrieved 2018-01-14.

biological-concepts.com

Toepfer, G. "Function". BioConcepts: The Origin and Definition of Biological Concepts. Das Zentrum für Literatur- und Kulturforschung Berlin. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2018.

books.google.com

Tipton, Jason A. (2014). Philosophical Biology in Aristotle's Parts of Animals. Springer. p. 33. ISBN 978-3-319-01421-0. citing اعضای جانوران 640–641.
Asma, S. T. (1996). Following form and function: A philosophical archaeology of life science. Northwestern University Press. ISBN 978-0-8101-1397-8.
Arber, Agnes (1950). The Natural Philosophy of Plant Form. Cambridge University Press.
Hall, Brian K.; Hallgrímsson, Benedikt (2008). Strickberger's Evolution (4th ed.). Jones and Bartlett. pp. 4–6. ISBN 978-1-4496-4722-3.
Hall, Brian K.; Hallgrímsson, Benedikt (2008). Strickberger's Evolution (4th ed.). Jones and Bartlett. pp. 4–6. ISBN 978-1-4496-4722-3.

doi.org

Tinbergen, N. (1963). "On aims and methods of Ethology". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. 20 (4): 410–433. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1963.tb01161.x.
Shih, Patrick M. (2015). "Photosynthesis and early Earth". Current Biology. 25 (19): R855–R859. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.046. PMID 26439346. Photosynthesis has been instrumental in the success of life on Earth
Tinbergen, N. (1963). "On aims and methods of Ethology". Zeitschrift für Tierpsychologie. 20 (4): 410–433. doi:10.1111/j.1439-0310.1963.tb01161.x.
Caro, TM (1986). "The functions of stotting in Thomson's gazelles: Some tests of the predictions". Animal Behaviour. 34 (3): 663–684. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(86)80052-5. S2CID 53155678.
Cummins, Robert (1975). "Functional Analysis". The Journal of Philosophy. 72 (20): 741–765. doi:10.2307/2024640. JSTOR 2024640.
Millikan, Ruth (1989). "In Defense of Proper Functions". Philosophy of Science. 56 (2): 288–302. doi:10.1086/289488. JSTOR 187875. S2CID 120910145.
Boorse, Christopher (1977). "Health as a Theoretical Concept". Philosophy of Science. 44 (4): 542–573. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.486.2236. doi:10.1086/288768. JSTOR 186939. S2CID 146325798.
Amundson, Ron; Lauder, George (1994). "Function Without Purpose". Biology and Philosophy. 9 (4): 443–469. doi:10.1007/BF00850375. S2CID 4997676.
Craver, Carl F. (2001). "Role Functions, Mechanisms, and Hierarchy". Philosophy of Science. 68 (1): 53–74. doi:10.1086/392866. JSTOR 3081024. S2CID 35230404.
Neander, Karen (1991). "Functions as Selected Effects: The Conceptual Analyst's Defense". Philosophy of Science. 58 (2): 168–184. doi:10.1086/289610. JSTOR 187457. S2CID 122866072.
Bigelow, John; Pargetter, Robert (1987). "Functions". The Journal of Philosophy. 84 (4): 181–196. doi:10.2307/2027157. JSTOR 2027157.

ishe.org

Hladký, V.; Havlíček, J. (2013). "Was Tinbergen an Aristotelian? Comparison of Tinbergen's Four Whys and Aristotle's Four Causes" (PDF). Human Ethology Bulletin. 28 (4): 3–11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-04-04. Retrieved 2017-04-05.

jstor.org

Cummins, Robert (1975). "Functional Analysis". The Journal of Philosophy. 72 (20): 741–765. doi:10.2307/2024640. JSTOR 2024640.
Millikan, Ruth (1989). "In Defense of Proper Functions". Philosophy of Science. 56 (2): 288–302. doi:10.1086/289488. JSTOR 187875. S2CID 120910145.
Boorse, Christopher (1977). "Health as a Theoretical Concept". Philosophy of Science. 44 (4): 542–573. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.486.2236. doi:10.1086/288768. JSTOR 186939. S2CID 146325798.
Craver, Carl F. (2001). "Role Functions, Mechanisms, and Hierarchy". Philosophy of Science. 68 (1): 53–74. doi:10.1086/392866. JSTOR 3081024. S2CID 35230404.
Neander, Karen (1991). "Functions as Selected Effects: The Conceptual Analyst's Defense". Philosophy of Science. 58 (2): 168–184. doi:10.1086/289610. JSTOR 187457. S2CID 122866072.
Bigelow, John; Pargetter, Robert (1987). "Functions". The Journal of Philosophy. 84 (4): 181–196. doi:10.2307/2027157. JSTOR 2027157.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Shih, Patrick M. (2015). "Photosynthesis and early Earth". Current Biology. 25 (19): R855–R859. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2015.04.046. PMID 26439346. Photosynthesis has been instrumental in the success of life on Earth

psu.edu

citeseerx.ist.psu.edu

Boorse, Christopher (1977). "Health as a Theoretical Concept". Philosophy of Science. 44 (4): 542–573. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.486.2236. doi:10.1086/288768. JSTOR 186939. S2CID 146325798.

semanticscholar.org

api.semanticscholar.org

Caro, TM (1986). "The functions of stotting in Thomson's gazelles: Some tests of the predictions". Animal Behaviour. 34 (3): 663–684. doi:10.1016/S0003-3472(86)80052-5. S2CID 53155678.
Millikan, Ruth (1989). "In Defense of Proper Functions". Philosophy of Science. 56 (2): 288–302. doi:10.1086/289488. JSTOR 187875. S2CID 120910145.
Boorse, Christopher (1977). "Health as a Theoretical Concept". Philosophy of Science. 44 (4): 542–573. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.486.2236. doi:10.1086/288768. JSTOR 186939. S2CID 146325798.
Amundson, Ron; Lauder, George (1994). "Function Without Purpose". Biology and Philosophy. 9 (4): 443–469. doi:10.1007/BF00850375. S2CID 4997676.
Craver, Carl F. (2001). "Role Functions, Mechanisms, and Hierarchy". Philosophy of Science. 68 (1): 53–74. doi:10.1086/392866. JSTOR 3081024. S2CID 35230404.
Neander, Karen (1991). "Functions as Selected Effects: The Conceptual Analyst's Defense". Philosophy of Science. 58 (2): 168–184. doi:10.1086/289610. JSTOR 187457. S2CID 122866072.

stanford.edu

plato.stanford.edu

"Sociobiology". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 11 November 2013. Archived from the original on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
"Sociobiology". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 11 November 2013. Archived from the original on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
"Teleological Notions in Biology". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 18 May 2003. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

uc.edu

biology.clc.uc.edu

Carter, J. Stein (1996). "Photosynthesis". دانشگاه سینسیناتی. Archived from the original on 2013-06-29.

uibk.ac.at

homepage.uibk.ac.at

"The Four Areas of Biology". Archived from the original on 14 May 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2018.

umich.edu

www-personal.umich.edu

"The Four Areas of Biology" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 2 September 2018.

web.archive.org

Russell, Edward Stewart (1916). Form and Function: A Contribution to the History of Animal Morphology. John Murray. Archived from the original on 2023-06-12. Retrieved 2018-01-14.
Toepfer, G. (2011). "Funktion". Historisches Wörterbuch der Biologie. Geschichte und Theorie der biologischen Grundbegriffe (PDF) (به آلمانی). Vol. 1. Metzler. p. 644. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-06-12. Retrieved 2018-05-04.
Toepfer, G. "Function". BioConcepts: The Origin and Definition of Biological Concepts. Das Zentrum für Literatur- und Kulturforschung Berlin. Archived from the original on 12 June 2023. Retrieved 4 May 2018.
"Understanding Evolution: Qualifying as an adaptation". University of California at Berkeley. Archived from the original on 7 November 2017. Retrieved 29 July 2016.
Hladký, V.; Havlíček, J. (2013). "Was Tinbergen an Aristotelian? Comparison of Tinbergen's Four Whys and Aristotle's Four Causes" (PDF). Human Ethology Bulletin. 28 (4): 3–11. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2017-04-04. Retrieved 2017-04-05.
"Sociobiology". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 11 November 2013. Archived from the original on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
Carter, J. Stein (1996). "Photosynthesis". دانشگاه سینسیناتی. Archived from the original on 2013-06-29.
"Sociobiology". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 11 November 2013. Archived from the original on 7 August 2019. Retrieved 4 April 2017.
"The Four Areas of Biology" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 18 January 2012. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
"The Four Areas of Biology". Archived from the original on 14 May 2017. Retrieved 2 September 2018.
"Teleological Notions in Biology". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. 18 May 2003. Archived from the original on 13 March 2020. Retrieved 28 July 2016.

zfl-berlin.org

Toepfer, G. (2011). "Funktion". Historisches Wörterbuch der Biologie. Geschichte und Theorie der biologischen Grundbegriffe (PDF) (به آلمانی). Vol. 1. Metzler. p. 644. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2023-06-12. Retrieved 2018-05-04.