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کلئوپاترا (Persian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "کلئوپاترا" in Persian language version.

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9archive.org
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archive.org

  • For a thorough explanation about the foundation of Alexandria by Alexander the Great and its largely Hellenistic Greek nature during the Ptolemaic period, along with a survey of the various ethnic groups residing there, see (Burstein 2004، صص. 43–61).
    For further validation about the founding of Alexandria by Alexander the Great, see (Jones 2006، ص. 6).
    For further validation of Ptolemaic rulers being crowned at Memphis, see (Jeffreys 1999، ص. 488). Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • The refusal of Ptolemaic rulers to speak the native language, Demotic Egyptian, is why Ancient Greek (i.e. Koine Greek) was used along with Late Egyptian on official court documents such as the Rosetta Stone ("Radio 4 Programmes – A History of the World in 100 Objects, Empire Builders (300 BC – 1 AD), Rosetta Stone". BBC. Archived from the original on 23 May 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2010.).
    As explained by (Burstein 2004، صص. 43–54), Ptolemaic Alexandria was considered a polis (city-state) separate from the country of Egypt, with citizenship reserved for Greeks and Ancient Macedonians, but various other ethnic groups resided there, especially the Jews, as well as native Egyptians, Syrians, and Nubians.
    For further validation, see (Grant 1972، ص. 3).
    For the multiple languages spoken by Cleopatra, see (Roller 2010، صص. 46–48) and (Burstein 2004، صص. 11–12).
    For further validation about Ancient Greek being the official language of the Ptolemaic dynasty, see (Jones 2006، ص. 3). Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • For further information and validation see (Schiff 2011، ص. 28), (Kleiner 2005، ص. 22), (Bennett 1997، صص. 60–63), (Bianchi 2005), and (Meadows 2001، ص. 23). For alternate speculation, see (Burstein 2004، ص. 11) and (Roller 2010، صص. 15, 18, 166). For a comparison of arguments about Cleopatra's maternity, see (Prose 2022، ص. 38). Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • Burstein (2004), pp. xx–xxiii, 155. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • Burstein (2004), p. 11. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • Burstein (2004), pp. 11–12. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • Burstein (2004), pp. xviii, 10. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • Burstein (2004), p. xix. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • Burstein (2004), p. 12. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.

archive.today

artic.edu

publications.artic.edu

bbc.co.uk

  • The refusal of Ptolemaic rulers to speak the native language, Demotic Egyptian, is why Ancient Greek (i.e. Koine Greek) was used along with Late Egyptian on official court documents such as the Rosetta Stone ("Radio 4 Programmes – A History of the World in 100 Objects, Empire Builders (300 BC – 1 AD), Rosetta Stone". BBC. Archived from the original on 23 May 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2010.).
    As explained by (Burstein 2004، صص. 43–54), Ptolemaic Alexandria was considered a polis (city-state) separate from the country of Egypt, with citizenship reserved for Greeks and Ancient Macedonians, but various other ethnic groups resided there, especially the Jews, as well as native Egyptians, Syrians, and Nubians.
    For further validation, see (Grant 1972، ص. 3).
    For the multiple languages spoken by Cleopatra, see (Roller 2010، صص. 46–48) and (Burstein 2004، صص. 11–12).
    For further validation about Ancient Greek being the official language of the Ptolemaic dynasty, see (Jones 2006، ص. 3). Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.

bbc.com

  • «بزرگان مصر باستان؛ کلئوپاترا، فرعونی که با نیش مار خودکشی کرد». BBC News فارسی. ۲۰۲۰-۰۱-۲۹. دریافت‌شده در ۲۰۲۰-۰۱-۳۰.

cnr.edu

www2.cnr.edu

doi.org

uchicago.edu

penelope.uchicago.edu

web.archive.org

  • The refusal of Ptolemaic rulers to speak the native language, Demotic Egyptian, is why Ancient Greek (i.e. Koine Greek) was used along with Late Egyptian on official court documents such as the Rosetta Stone ("Radio 4 Programmes – A History of the World in 100 Objects, Empire Builders (300 BC – 1 AD), Rosetta Stone". BBC. Archived from the original on 23 May 2010. Retrieved 7 June 2010.).
    As explained by (Burstein 2004، صص. 43–54), Ptolemaic Alexandria was considered a polis (city-state) separate from the country of Egypt, with citizenship reserved for Greeks and Ancient Macedonians, but various other ethnic groups resided there, especially the Jews, as well as native Egyptians, Syrians, and Nubians.
    For further validation, see (Grant 1972، ص. 3).
    For the multiple languages spoken by Cleopatra, see (Roller 2010، صص. 46–48) and (Burstein 2004، صص. 11–12).
    For further validation about Ancient Greek being the official language of the Ptolemaic dynasty, see (Jones 2006، ص. 3). Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4. Burstein, Stanley M. (2004), The Reign of Cleopatra, Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, ISBN 978-0-313-32527-4.
  • Raia & Sebesta (2017). Raia, Ann R.; Sebesta, Judith Lynn (September 2017), The World of State, College of New Rochelle, archived from the original on 6 March 2018, retrieved 6 March 2018.
  • Sabino & Gross-Diaz (2016). Sabino, Rachel; Gross-Diaz, Theresa (2016), Cat. 22 Tetradrachm Portraying Queen Cleopatra VII, Art Institute of Chicago, doi:10.13140/RG.2.2.23475.22560, archived from the original on 6 March 2018, retrieved 6 March 2018.

wikimedia.org

commons.wikimedia.org

  • این مجسمه حدوداً زمان بازدیدهای کلئوپاترا از رم در سال‌های ۴۶ تا ۴۴ پیش از میلاد ساخته شده است و در یک ویلای ایتالیایی در امتداد جاده آپیا کشف شده است. برای اطلاعات بیشتر در مورد کلئوپاترای برلین به منابعی مانند آثار پینا پولو (Pina Polo 2013، صص. 184–186), (Roller 2010، صص. 54, 174–175), (Jones 2006، ص. 33), and (Hölbl 2001، ص. 234) مراجعه کنید.