1951: First Direct-Dial Transcontinental Telephone Call, AT&T Inc. Accessed June 8, 2007. Quote: "Nov. 10, 1951: Mayor M. Leslie Downing of Englewood, N.J., picked up a telephone and dialed 10 digits. Eighteen seconds later, he reached Mayor Frank Osborne in Alameda, Calif. The mayors made history as they chatted in the first customer-dialed long-distance call, one that introduced area codes."
(en) Michael Riordan et Lillian Hoddeson, Crystal Fire : The Birth of the Information Age, New York, W. W. Norton & Company, coll. « Sloan Technology Series », , 1st éd., 57–61 p. (ISBN978-0-393-31851-7, OCLC35762766, LCCN96047464, lire en ligne)
(en) Michael Riordan et Lillian Hoddeson, Crystal Fire : The Birth of the Information Age, New York, W. W. Norton & Company, coll. « Sloan Technology Series », , 1st éd., 57–61 p. (ISBN978-0-393-31851-7, OCLC35762766, LCCN96047464, lire en ligne)
(en) Michael Riordan et Lillian Hoddeson, Crystal Fire : The Birth of the Information Age, New York, W. W. Norton & Company, coll. « Sloan Technology Series », , 1st éd., 57–61 p. (ISBN978-0-393-31851-7, OCLC35762766, LCCN96047464, lire en ligne)