(en) Francis B. Heitman, Historical Register and Dictionary of the United States Army, from it's Organization, September 29, 1789, to March 2, 1903, Washington, Government Printed Office, (lire en ligne)
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(en) Frank W. Alduino et David J. Coles, Sons of Garibaldi in Blue and Gray : Italians in the American Civil War, Cambria Press, , 452 p. (ISBN978-1-934043-80-6, lire en ligne)
(en) Spencer C. Tucker, American Civil War: The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection [6 volumes] : The Definitive Encyclopedia and Document Collection, ABC-CLIO, , 2777 p. (ISBN978-1-85109-682-4, lire en ligne)