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(en) B Arroyo-Torres, M Wittkowski, J. M Marcaide et P. H Hauschildt, « The atmospheric structure and fundamental parameters of the red supergiants AH Scorpii, UY Scuti, and KW Sagittarii », Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 554, no A76, , A76 (DOI10.1051/0004-6361/201220920, Bibcode2013A&A...554A..76A, arXiv1305.6179)
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(en) W. S. Adams, A. H. Joy, G. Stromberg et C. G. Burwell, « The parallaxes of 1646 stars derived by the spectroscopic method », Astrophysical Journal, vol. 53, , p. 13 (DOI10.1086/142584, Bibcode1921ApJ....53...13A)
(en) R. J. Trumpler, « Spectral Types in Open Clusters », Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, vol. 37, , p. 307 (DOI10.1086/123509, Bibcode1925PASP...37..307T)
(en) Onno R. Pols, Klaus-Peter Schröder, Jarrod R. Hurley, Christopher A. Tout et Peter P. Eggleton, « Stellar evolution models for Z = 0.0001 to 0.03 », Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 298, no 2, , p. 525 (DOI10.1046/j.1365-8711.1998.01658.x, Bibcode1998MNRAS.298..525P)
(en) Allan Sandage, Basil Katem et Jerome Kristian, « An Indication of Gaps in the Giant Branch of the Globular Cluster M15 », Astrophysical Journal, vol. 153, , p. L129 (DOI10.1086/180237, Bibcode1968ApJ...153L.129S)
(en) Halton C. Arp, William A. Baum et Allan R. Sandage, « The color-magnitude diagram of the globular cluster M 92 », Astronomical Journal, vol. 58, , p. 4 (DOI10.1086/106800, Bibcode1953AJ.....58....4A)
(en) G. Laughlin, P. Bodenheimer et F. C. Adams, « The End of the Main Sequence », The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 482, no 1, , p. 420–432 (DOI10.1086/304125, Bibcode1997ApJ...482..420L)
(en) Martin Schwarzschild, « On the scale of photospheric convection in red giants and supergiants », Astrophysical Journal, vol. 195, , p. 137–144 (DOI10.1086/153313, Bibcode1975ApJ...195..137S)
(en) F. Fagotto, A. Bressan, G. Bertelli et C. Chiosi, « Evolutionary sequences of stellar models with new radiative opacities. IV. Z=0.004 and Z=0.008 », Astronomy and Astrophysics Supplement Series, vol. 105, , p. 29 (Bibcode1994A&AS..105...29F)
(en) David R. Alves et Ata Sarajedini, « The Age-dependent Luminosities of the Red Giant Branch Bump, Asymptotic Giant Branch Bump, and Horizontal Branch Red Clump », The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 511, no 1, , p. 225–234 (DOI10.1086/306655, Bibcode1999ApJ...511..225A, arXivastro-ph/9808253)
(en) I. -J. Sackmann, A. I. Boothroyd et K. E. Kraemer, « Our Sun. III. Present and Future », The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 418, , p. 457 (DOI10.1086/173407, Bibcode1993ApJ...418..457S)
(en) B Arroyo-Torres, M Wittkowski, J. M Marcaide et P. H Hauschildt, « The atmospheric structure and fundamental parameters of the red supergiants AH Scorpii, UY Scuti, and KW Sagittarii », Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 554, no A76, , A76 (DOI10.1051/0004-6361/201220920, Bibcode2013A&A...554A..76A, arXiv1305.6179)