Lenaerts, C. R. C. C., Roy, C. C., Vaillancourt, M., Weber, A. M., Morin, C. L., & Seidman, E. (1989). High incidence of upper gastrointestinal tract involvement in children with Crohn disease. Pediatrics, 83(5), 777-781.(résumé)
(en) Waddell LA, Rajić A, Sargeant J, Harris J, Amezcua R, Downey L, McEwen SA, et al. « The zoonotic potential of Mycobacterium avium spp. paratuberculosis: a systematic review » Can J Public Health. 2008;99(2). (résumé)
(en) Yasunori Ogura, Denise K. Bonen, Naohiro Inohara et Dan L. Nicolae, « A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease », Nature, vol. 411, no 6837, , p. 603–606 (ISSN1476-4687, DOI10.1038/35079114, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Andrew P. Cuthbert, Sheila A. Fisher, Muddassar M. Mirza et Kathy King, « The contribution of NOD2 gene mutations to the risk and site of disease in inflammatory bowel disease », Gastroenterology, vol. 122, no 4, , p. 867–874 (DOI10.1053/gast.2002.32415, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Arthur Kaser, Ann-Hwee Lee, Andre Franke et Jonathan N. Glickman, « XBP1 Links ER Stress to Intestinal Inflammation and Confers Genetic Risk for Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease », Cell, vol. 134, no 5, , p. 743–756 (DOI10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.021, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Severine Vermeire, « NOD2/CARD15: relevance in clinical practice », Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, vol. 18, no 3, , p. 569–575 (DOI10.1016/j.bpg.2003.12.008, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Natalie J. Prescott, Sheila A. Fisher, Andre Franke et Jochen Hampe, « A Nonsynonymous SNP in ATG16L1 Predisposes to Ileal Crohn’s Disease and Is Independent of CARD15 and IBD5 », Gastroenterology, vol. 132, no 5, , p. 1665–1671 (DOI10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.034, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Julia Diegelmann, Darina Czamara, Emmanuelle Le Bras et Eva Zimmermann, « Intestinal DMBT1 Expression Is Modulated by Crohn’s Disease-Associated IL23R Variants and by a DMBT1 Variant Which Influences Binding of the Transcription Factors CREB1 and ATF-2 », PLOS ONE, vol. 8, no 11, , e77773 (ISSN1932-6203, DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0077773, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Natalie J. Prescott, Katherine M. Dominy, Michiaki Kubo et Cathryn M. Lewis, « Independent and population-specific association of risk variants at the IRGM locus with Crohn's disease », Human Molecular Genetics, vol. 19, no 9, , p. 1828–1839 (ISSN1460-2083, PMID20106866, PMCIDPMC2850616, DOI10.1093/hmg/ddq041, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Irit Chermesh, Aviva Azriel, Michal Alter-Koltunoff et Rami Eliakim, « Crohn's disease and SLC11A1 promoter polymorphism », Digestive Diseases and Sciences, vol. 52, no 7, , p. 1632–1635 (ISSN0163-2116, PMID17385031, DOI10.1007/s10620-006-9682-3, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Luke Jostins, Stephan Ripke, Rinse K. Weersma et Richard H. Duerr, « Host–microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease », Nature, vol. 491, no 7422, , p. 119–124 (ISSN1476-4687, DOI10.1038/nature11582, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) J. Lamoril, J.-C. Deybach et P. Bouizegarène, « Maladie de Crohn et génétique: connaissances actuelles », Immuno-analyse & Biologie Spécialisée, vol. 22, no 3, , p. 137–150 (DOI10.1016/j.immbio.2007.01.002, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Devendra K. Amre, Philippe Lambrette, Liliane Law et Alfreda Krupoves, « Investigating the Hygiene Hypothesis as a Risk Factor in Pediatric Onset Crohn's Disease: A Case-Control Study », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 101, no 5, , p. 1005–1011 (ISSN0002-9270, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00526.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Seksik P, Nion-Larmurier I, Sokol H, Beaugerie L, Cosnes J. « Effects of light smoking consumption on the clinical course of Crohn's » J Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009;15(5):734-41. PMID19067428DOI10.1002/ibd.20828.
(en) Jacques Cosnes, « Tobacco and IBD: relevance in the understanding of disease mechanisms and clinical practice », Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology, vol. 18, no 3, , p. 481–496 (ISSN1521-6918, PMID15157822, DOI10.1016/j.bpg.2003.12.003, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Deepa Reddy, Corey A. Siegel, Bruce E. Sands et Sunanda Kane, « Possible association between isotretinoin and inflammatory bowel disease », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 101, no 7, , p. 1569–1573 (ISSN0002-9270, PMID16863562, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00632.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) D. E. Reniers et J. M. Howard, « Isotretinoin-induced inflammatory bowel disease in an adolescent », The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, vol. 35, no 10, , p. 1214–1216 (ISSN1060-0280, PMID11675849, DOI10.1345/aph.10368, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jean-Eric Ghia, Patricia Blennerhassett, Ykang Deng et Elena F. Verdu, « Reactivation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Mouse Model of Depression », Gastroenterology, vol. 136, no 7, , p. 2280–2288.e4 (ISSN0016-5085 et 1528-0012, DOI10.1053/j.gastro.2009.02.069, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jean-Eric Ghia, Patricia Blennerhassett et Stephen M. Collins, « Impaired parasympathetic function increases susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model of depression », The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 118, no 6, , p. 2209–2218 (ISSN0021-9738, PMID18451995, DOI10.1172/JCI32849, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Akobeng AK, Review article: the evidence base for interventions used to maintain remission in Crohn’s disease, Aliment Pharmacol Ther, 2008;27:11-8 DOI10.1111/j.1365-2036.2007.03536.x.
(en) Smith JP, Field D, Bingaman SI, Evans R, Mauger DT., « Safety and tolerability of low-dose naltrexone therapy in children with moderate to severe Crohn's disease: a pilot study », J Clin Gastroenterol, vol. 47, no 4, , p. 339-45 (PMID23188075, DOI10.1097/MCG.0b013e3182702f2b).
(en) « Induction therapy with the selective interleukin-23 inhibitor risankizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study », The Lancet, vol. 389, no 10080, , p. 1699–1709 (ISSN0140-6736, DOI10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30570-6, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
A. Dignass, G. Van Assche, « The second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: Current management », Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2010, volume 4, DOI10.1016/j.crohns.2009.12.002 ([PDF] lire en ligne), p. 49
(en) Jason K Hou, Bincy Abraham et Hashem El-Serag, « Dietary Intake and Risk of Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 106, no 4, , p. 563–573 (ISSN1572-0241, DOI10.1038/ajg.2011.44, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Colleen P. Loudon, Victor Corroll, Janice Butcher et Patricia Rawsthorne, « The effects of physical exercise on patients with Crohn's disease », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 94, no 3, , p. 697–703 (ISSN0002-9270, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.00939.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Juan José García, Elena Bote, Maria D. Hinchado et Eduardo Ortega, « A single session of intense exercise improves the inflammatory response in healthy sedentary women », Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, vol. 67, no 1, , p. 87–94 (ISSN1138-7548 et 1877-8755, DOI10.1007/s13105-010-0052-4, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Giraldo E. · Garcia J.J. · Hinchado M.D. · Ortega E., « Exercise Intensity-Dependent Changes in the Inflammatory Response in Sedentary Women: Role of Neuroendocrine Parameters in the Neutrophil Phagocytic Process and the Pro-/Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Balance », Neuroimmunomodulation, (DOI10.1159/000212384, lire en ligne).
A. Dignass, G. Van Assche, « The second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: Current management », Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2010, volume 4, DOI10.1016/j.crohns.2009.12.002 ([PDF] lire en ligne), p. 40
(en) Johnson GJ, Cosnes J, Mansfield JC, « Review article: smoking cessation as primary therapy to modify the course of Crohn's disease », Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol. 21, no 8, , p. 921-31. (PMID15813828, DOI10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02424.x, lire en ligne [html])modifier.
(en) Aws Sadik, Christina Dardani, Panagiota Pagoni et Alexandra Havdahl, « Parental inflammatory bowel disease and autism in children (CC-BY-SA 4.0) », Nature Medicine, vol. 28, no 7, , p. 1406–1411 (ISSN1546-170X, DOI10.1038/s41591-022-01845-9, lire en ligne, consulté le )
doi.org
(en) Yasunori Ogura, Denise K. Bonen, Naohiro Inohara et Dan L. Nicolae, « A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease », Nature, vol. 411, no 6837, , p. 603–606 (ISSN1476-4687, DOI10.1038/35079114, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Andrew P. Cuthbert, Sheila A. Fisher, Muddassar M. Mirza et Kathy King, « The contribution of NOD2 gene mutations to the risk and site of disease in inflammatory bowel disease », Gastroenterology, vol. 122, no 4, , p. 867–874 (DOI10.1053/gast.2002.32415, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Arthur Kaser, Ann-Hwee Lee, Andre Franke et Jonathan N. Glickman, « XBP1 Links ER Stress to Intestinal Inflammation and Confers Genetic Risk for Human Inflammatory Bowel Disease », Cell, vol. 134, no 5, , p. 743–756 (DOI10.1016/j.cell.2008.07.021, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Severine Vermeire, « NOD2/CARD15: relevance in clinical practice », Best Practice & Research Clinical Gastroenterology, vol. 18, no 3, , p. 569–575 (DOI10.1016/j.bpg.2003.12.008, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Natalie J. Prescott, Sheila A. Fisher, Andre Franke et Jochen Hampe, « A Nonsynonymous SNP in ATG16L1 Predisposes to Ileal Crohn’s Disease and Is Independent of CARD15 and IBD5 », Gastroenterology, vol. 132, no 5, , p. 1665–1671 (DOI10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.034, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Luke Jostins, Stephan Ripke, Rinse K. Weersma et Richard H. Duerr, « Host–microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease », Nature, vol. 491, no 7422, , p. 119–124 (ISSN1476-4687, DOI10.1038/nature11582, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jason K Hou, Bincy Abraham et Hashem El-Serag, « Dietary Intake and Risk of Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 106, no 4, , p. 563–573 (ISSN1572-0241, DOI10.1038/ajg.2011.44, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
ecco-ibd.eu
A. Dignass, G. Van Assche, « The second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: Current management », Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2010, volume 4, DOI10.1016/j.crohns.2009.12.002 ([PDF] lire en ligne), p. 49
A. Dignass, G. Van Assche, « The second European evidence-based consensus on the diagnosis and management of Crohn's disease: Current management », Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 2010, volume 4, DOI10.1016/j.crohns.2009.12.002 ([PDF] lire en ligne), p. 40
Odile Longueval, « Maladie de Crohn - "C’est une maladie honteuse, il faut changer ça" : une Picarde se bat pour briser les tabous », France 3 Hauts-de-France, (lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jean-Eric Ghia, Patricia Blennerhassett, Ykang Deng et Elena F. Verdu, « Reactivation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Mouse Model of Depression », Gastroenterology, vol. 136, no 7, , p. 2280–2288.e4 (ISSN0016-5085 et 1528-0012, DOI10.1053/j.gastro.2009.02.069, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
Regimbeau, J. M., Panis, Y., Valleur, P., MARTEAU, P., & de Parades, V. (2000). Les manifestations ano-périnéales de la maladie de Crohn. Revue française de gastro-entérologie, 36(351), p. 18-25. (lien Inist-CNRS)
(en) Yasunori Ogura, Denise K. Bonen, Naohiro Inohara et Dan L. Nicolae, « A frameshift mutation in NOD2 associated with susceptibility to Crohn's disease », Nature, vol. 411, no 6837, , p. 603–606 (ISSN1476-4687, DOI10.1038/35079114, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Julia Diegelmann, Darina Czamara, Emmanuelle Le Bras et Eva Zimmermann, « Intestinal DMBT1 Expression Is Modulated by Crohn’s Disease-Associated IL23R Variants and by a DMBT1 Variant Which Influences Binding of the Transcription Factors CREB1 and ATF-2 », PLOS ONE, vol. 8, no 11, , e77773 (ISSN1932-6203, DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0077773, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Natalie J. Prescott, Katherine M. Dominy, Michiaki Kubo et Cathryn M. Lewis, « Independent and population-specific association of risk variants at the IRGM locus with Crohn's disease », Human Molecular Genetics, vol. 19, no 9, , p. 1828–1839 (ISSN1460-2083, PMID20106866, PMCIDPMC2850616, DOI10.1093/hmg/ddq041, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Irit Chermesh, Aviva Azriel, Michal Alter-Koltunoff et Rami Eliakim, « Crohn's disease and SLC11A1 promoter polymorphism », Digestive Diseases and Sciences, vol. 52, no 7, , p. 1632–1635 (ISSN0163-2116, PMID17385031, DOI10.1007/s10620-006-9682-3, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Luke Jostins, Stephan Ripke, Rinse K. Weersma et Richard H. Duerr, « Host–microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease », Nature, vol. 491, no 7422, , p. 119–124 (ISSN1476-4687, DOI10.1038/nature11582, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Devendra K. Amre, Philippe Lambrette, Liliane Law et Alfreda Krupoves, « Investigating the Hygiene Hypothesis as a Risk Factor in Pediatric Onset Crohn's Disease: A Case-Control Study », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 101, no 5, , p. 1005–1011 (ISSN0002-9270, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00526.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jacques Cosnes, « Tobacco and IBD: relevance in the understanding of disease mechanisms and clinical practice », Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology, vol. 18, no 3, , p. 481–496 (ISSN1521-6918, PMID15157822, DOI10.1016/j.bpg.2003.12.003, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) R. Shoda, K. Matsueda, S. Yamato et N. Umeda, « Epidemiologic analysis of Crohn disease in Japan: increased dietary intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and animal protein relates to the increased incidence of Crohn disease in Japan », The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 63, no 5, , p. 741–745 (ISSN0002-9165, PMID8615358, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Deepa Reddy, Corey A. Siegel, Bruce E. Sands et Sunanda Kane, « Possible association between isotretinoin and inflammatory bowel disease », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 101, no 7, , p. 1569–1573 (ISSN0002-9270, PMID16863562, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00632.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) E. Borobio, A. Arín, A. Valcayo et M. Iñarrairaegui, « [Isotretinoin and ulcerous colitis] », Anales Del Sistema Sanitario De Navarra, vol. 27, no 2, , p. 241–243 (ISSN1137-6627, PMID15381956, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) D. E. Reniers et J. M. Howard, « Isotretinoin-induced inflammatory bowel disease in an adolescent », The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, vol. 35, no 10, , p. 1214–1216 (ISSN1060-0280, PMID11675849, DOI10.1345/aph.10368, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jean-Eric Ghia, Patricia Blennerhassett, Ykang Deng et Elena F. Verdu, « Reactivation of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Mouse Model of Depression », Gastroenterology, vol. 136, no 7, , p. 2280–2288.e4 (ISSN0016-5085 et 1528-0012, DOI10.1053/j.gastro.2009.02.069, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jean-Eric Ghia, Patricia Blennerhassett et Stephen M. Collins, « Impaired parasympathetic function increases susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model of depression », The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 118, no 6, , p. 2209–2218 (ISSN0021-9738, PMID18451995, DOI10.1172/JCI32849, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) « Induction therapy with the selective interleukin-23 inhibitor risankizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study », The Lancet, vol. 389, no 10080, , p. 1699–1709 (ISSN0140-6736, DOI10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30570-6, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jason K Hou, Bincy Abraham et Hashem El-Serag, « Dietary Intake and Risk of Developing Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review of the Literature », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 106, no 4, , p. 563–573 (ISSN1572-0241, DOI10.1038/ajg.2011.44, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Colleen P. Loudon, Victor Corroll, Janice Butcher et Patricia Rawsthorne, « The effects of physical exercise on patients with Crohn's disease », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 94, no 3, , p. 697–703 (ISSN0002-9270, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.00939.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Juan José García, Elena Bote, Maria D. Hinchado et Eduardo Ortega, « A single session of intense exercise improves the inflammatory response in healthy sedentary women », Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, vol. 67, no 1, , p. 87–94 (ISSN1138-7548 et 1877-8755, DOI10.1007/s13105-010-0052-4, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Karen Crouse, « Swimmer Kathleen Baker Overcomes Crohn’s Disease to Become an Olympian », The New York Times, (ISSN0362-4331, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Aws Sadik, Christina Dardani, Panagiota Pagoni et Alexandra Havdahl, « Parental inflammatory bowel disease and autism in children (CC-BY-SA 4.0) », Nature Medicine, vol. 28, no 7, , p. 1406–1411 (ISSN1546-170X, DOI10.1038/s41591-022-01845-9, lire en ligne, consulté le )
jci.org
(en) Jean-Eric Ghia, Patricia Blennerhassett et Stephen M. Collins, « Impaired parasympathetic function increases susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model of depression », The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 118, no 6, , p. 2209–2218 (ISSN0021-9738, PMID18451995, DOI10.1172/JCI32849, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
jstor.org
(de) Thomas Leibig, Eberhard Wilke et Hubert Feiereis, « Zur Persönlichkeitsstruktur von Patienten mit Colitis ulcerosa und Morbus Crohn, eine testpsychologische Untersuchung während der Krankheitsremission », Zeitschrift für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychoanalyse, vol. 31, no 4, , p. 380–392 (lire en ligne, consulté le ).
karger.com
(en) Giraldo E. · Garcia J.J. · Hinchado M.D. · Ortega E., « Exercise Intensity-Dependent Changes in the Inflammatory Response in Sedentary Women: Role of Neuroendocrine Parameters in the Neutrophil Phagocytic Process and the Pro-/Anti-Inflammatory Cytokine Balance », Neuroimmunomodulation, (DOI10.1159/000212384, lire en ligne).
Griffiths, A. M., Alemayehu, E., & Sherman, P. (1989). Clinical features of gastroduodenal Crohn's disease in adolescents. Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 8(2), 166-171. (résumé)
Mashako, M. N. L., Cezard, J. P., Navarro, J., Mougenot, J. F., Sonsino, E., Gargouri, A., & Maherzi, A. (1989), Crohn's disease lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract: correlation between clinical, radiological, endoscopic, and histological features in adolescents and children ; Journal of pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition, 8(4), 442-446. (résumé)
Kelly Rae Chi (2016) Epidemiology: Rising in the East ; Nature Outlook - 540, S100–S102 (22 décembre 2016) ; doi:10.1038/540S100a, publié en ligne le
(en) Devendra K. Amre, Philippe Lambrette, Liliane Law et Alfreda Krupoves, « Investigating the Hygiene Hypothesis as a Risk Factor in Pediatric Onset Crohn's Disease: A Case-Control Study », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 101, no 5, , p. 1005–1011 (ISSN0002-9270, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00526.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Colleen P. Loudon, Victor Corroll, Janice Butcher et Patricia Rawsthorne, « The effects of physical exercise on patients with Crohn's disease », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 94, no 3, , p. 697–703 (ISSN0002-9270, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.1999.00939.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Aws Sadik, Christina Dardani, Panagiota Pagoni et Alexandra Havdahl, « Parental inflammatory bowel disease and autism in children (CC-BY-SA 4.0) », Nature Medicine, vol. 28, no 7, , p. 1406–1411 (ISSN1546-170X, DOI10.1038/s41591-022-01845-9, lire en ligne, consulté le )
(en) Hiatt, Robert A.; Leon Kaufman (1988). "Epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in a defined northern California population" . Western Journal of Medicine 149 (5): 541–6. PMC 1026530 . PMID3250100 .
(en) Bernstein CN, Wajda A, Svenson LW, MacKenzie A, Koehoorn M, Jackson M, Fedorak R, Israel D, Blanchard JF., « The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Canada: a population-based study », Am J Gastroenterol., vol. 101, no 7, , p. 1559-68. (PMID16863561)modifier.
(en) Moum, B.; M. H. Vatn, A. Ekbom, E. Aadland, O. Fausa, I. Lygren, N. Stray, J. Sauar, T. Schulz (1996). « Incidence of Crohn's disease in four counties in southeastern Norway, 1990-93. A prospective population-based study. The Inflammatory Bowel South-Eastern Norway (IBSEN) Study Group of Gastroenterologists » Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 31 (4): 355–61. doi:10.3109/00365529609006410 . PMID8726303.
(en) Shivananda, S.; J. Lennard-Jones, R. Logan, N. Fear, A. Price, L. Carpenter and M. van Blankenstein (1996). "Incidence of inflammatory bowel disease across Europe: is there a difference between north and south? Results of the European Collaborative Study on Inflammatory Bowel Disease (EC-IBD)". Gut 39 (5): 690–7. doi:10.1136/gut.39.5.690 . PMC 1383393 . PMID9014768.
(en) Baumgart, Daniel C; Sandborn, William J (2012). "Crohn's disease". The Lancet 380 (9853): 1590–605. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60026-9 . PMID22914295.
(en) Yang H, McElree C, Roth MP. et al. « Familial empirical risks for inflammatory bowel disease: differences between Jews and non-Jews » Gut 1993;34:517-24. PMID8491401.
(en) Marcuzzi A, Bianco AM, Girardelli M, Tommasini A, Martelossi S, Monasta L, Crovella S. « Genetic and functional profiling of Crohn's disease : autophagy mechanism and susceptibility to infectious diseases » Biomed Res Int. 2013; 2013:297501. PMID23738324.
(en) Marcuzzi A, Bianco AM, Girardelli M, Tommasini A, Martelossi S, Monasta L, Crovella S. « Genetic and functional profiling of Crohn's disease: autophagy mechanism and susceptibility to infectious diseases » Biomed Res Int. 2013; 2013:297501. PMID23738324.
(en) Fritz T, Niederreiter L, Adolph T, Blumberg RS, Kaser A. « Crohn's disease: NOD2, autophagy and ER stress converge » Gut 2011;60(11):1580-8. PMID21252204.
Halme L, Paavola-Sakki P, Turunen U, Lappalainen M, Farkkila M, Kontula K. « Family and twin studies in inflammatory bowel disease » World J Gastroenterol. 2006;12(23):3668-72. PMID16773682.
(en) Halfvarson J, Bodin L, Tysk C, Lindberg E, Järnerot G. « Inflammatory bowel disease in a Swedish twin cohort: a long-term follow-up of concordance and clinical characteristics » Gastroenterology. 2003 Jun;124(7):1767-73. (résumé)
(en) Natalie J. Prescott, Katherine M. Dominy, Michiaki Kubo et Cathryn M. Lewis, « Independent and population-specific association of risk variants at the IRGM locus with Crohn's disease », Human Molecular Genetics, vol. 19, no 9, , p. 1828–1839 (ISSN1460-2083, PMID20106866, PMCIDPMC2850616, DOI10.1093/hmg/ddq041, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Irit Chermesh, Aviva Azriel, Michal Alter-Koltunoff et Rami Eliakim, « Crohn's disease and SLC11A1 promoter polymorphism », Digestive Diseases and Sciences, vol. 52, no 7, , p. 1632–1635 (ISSN0163-2116, PMID17385031, DOI10.1007/s10620-006-9682-3, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Seksik P, Nion-Larmurier I, Sokol H, Beaugerie L, Cosnes J. « Effects of light smoking consumption on the clinical course of Crohn's » J Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009;15(5):734-41. PMID19067428DOI10.1002/ibd.20828.
(en) Jacques Cosnes, « Tobacco and IBD: relevance in the understanding of disease mechanisms and clinical practice », Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology, vol. 18, no 3, , p. 481–496 (ISSN1521-6918, PMID15157822, DOI10.1016/j.bpg.2003.12.003, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) R. Shoda, K. Matsueda, S. Yamato et N. Umeda, « Epidemiologic analysis of Crohn disease in Japan: increased dietary intake of n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids and animal protein relates to the increased incidence of Crohn disease in Japan », The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 63, no 5, , p. 741–745 (ISSN0002-9165, PMID8615358, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Deepa Reddy, Corey A. Siegel, Bruce E. Sands et Sunanda Kane, « Possible association between isotretinoin and inflammatory bowel disease », The American Journal of Gastroenterology, vol. 101, no 7, , p. 1569–1573 (ISSN0002-9270, PMID16863562, DOI10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00632.x, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) E. Borobio, A. Arín, A. Valcayo et M. Iñarrairaegui, « [Isotretinoin and ulcerous colitis] », Anales Del Sistema Sanitario De Navarra, vol. 27, no 2, , p. 241–243 (ISSN1137-6627, PMID15381956, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) D. E. Reniers et J. M. Howard, « Isotretinoin-induced inflammatory bowel disease in an adolescent », The Annals of Pharmacotherapy, vol. 35, no 10, , p. 1214–1216 (ISSN1060-0280, PMID11675849, DOI10.1345/aph.10368, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Jean-Eric Ghia, Patricia Blennerhassett et Stephen M. Collins, « Impaired parasympathetic function increases susceptibility to inflammatory bowel disease in a mouse model of depression », The Journal of Clinical Investigation, vol. 118, no 6, , p. 2209–2218 (ISSN0021-9738, PMID18451995, DOI10.1172/JCI32849, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Smith JP, Stock H, Bingaman S, Mauger D, Rogosnitzky M, Zagon IS., « Low-dose naltrexone therapy improves active Crohn's disease », Am J Gastroenterol, vol. 102, no 4, , p. 820-8 (PMID17222320).
(en) Smith JP, Field D, Bingaman SI, Evans R, Mauger DT., « Safety and tolerability of low-dose naltrexone therapy in children with moderate to severe Crohn's disease: a pilot study », J Clin Gastroenterol, vol. 47, no 4, , p. 339-45 (PMID23188075, DOI10.1097/MCG.0b013e3182702f2b).
(en) Zachos M, Tondeur M, Griffiths AM, « Enteral nutritional therapy for induction of remission in Crohn's disease », Cochrane Database Syst Rev, no 1, , CD000542. (PMID17253452)modifier.
(en) Johnson GJ, Cosnes J, Mansfield JC, « Review article: smoking cessation as primary therapy to modify the course of Crohn's disease », Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol. 21, no 8, , p. 921-31. (PMID15813828, DOI10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02424.x, lire en ligne [html])modifier.
(en) Karen Crouse, « Swimmer Kathleen Baker Overcomes Crohn’s Disease to Become an Olympian », The New York Times, (ISSN0362-4331, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Julia Diegelmann, Darina Czamara, Emmanuelle Le Bras et Eva Zimmermann, « Intestinal DMBT1 Expression Is Modulated by Crohn’s Disease-Associated IL23R Variants and by a DMBT1 Variant Which Influences Binding of the Transcription Factors CREB1 and ATF-2 », PLOS ONE, vol. 8, no 11, , e77773 (ISSN1932-6203, DOI10.1371/journal.pone.0077773, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) « Induction therapy with the selective interleukin-23 inhibitor risankizumab in patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2 study », The Lancet, vol. 389, no 10080, , p. 1699–1709 (ISSN0140-6736, DOI10.1016/S0140-6736(17)30570-6, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en) Juan José García, Elena Bote, Maria D. Hinchado et Eduardo Ortega, « A single session of intense exercise improves the inflammatory response in healthy sedentary women », Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, vol. 67, no 1, , p. 87–94 (ISSN1138-7548 et 1877-8755, DOI10.1007/s13105-010-0052-4, lire en ligne, consulté le ).
(en-US) « Crohn's Disease and Inflammatory Bowel Disease: 54 Tips », WebMD, (lire en ligne, consulté le ).
wikipedia.org
fr.wikipedia.org
(en) Bernstein CN, Wajda A, Svenson LW, MacKenzie A, Koehoorn M, Jackson M, Fedorak R, Israel D, Blanchard JF., « The epidemiology of inflammatory bowel disease in Canada: a population-based study », Am J Gastroenterol., vol. 101, no 7, , p. 1559-68. (PMID16863561)modifier.
(en) Zachos M, Tondeur M, Griffiths AM, « Enteral nutritional therapy for induction of remission in Crohn's disease », Cochrane Database Syst Rev, no 1, , CD000542. (PMID17253452)modifier.
(en) Johnson GJ, Cosnes J, Mansfield JC, « Review article: smoking cessation as primary therapy to modify the course of Crohn's disease », Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol. 21, no 8, , p. 921-31. (PMID15813828, DOI10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02424.x, lire en ligne [html])modifier.
(en) Johnson GJ, Cosnes J, Mansfield JC, « Review article: smoking cessation as primary therapy to modify the course of Crohn's disease », Aliment Pharmacol Ther, vol. 21, no 8, , p. 921-31. (PMID15813828, DOI10.1111/j.1365-2036.2005.02424.x, lire en ligne [html])modifier.