(en) Richard G. Hovannisian, The republic of Armenia., Berkeley, University of California Press., (ISBN0520041860, lire en ligne)
cengage.com
college.cengage.com
(en) « Letter from Turkey », Cengage, (consulté le ) : « The hills on each side were white with Kurds, who were throwing stones on the Armenians, who were slowly wending their way to the bridge. »
(en) « Letter from Turkey », Cengage, (consulté le ) : « They said that a valley near there was full of corpses. »