John Henry Poynting, Joseph John Thompson, A Textbook of Physics, Londres, Charles Griffin & Co., (réimpr. 4e) (lire en ligne), p. 20
Victor F. Lenzen, Robert P. Multauf, United States National Museum Bulletin 240: Contributions from the Museum of History and Technology reprinted in Bulletin of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington, Smithsonian Institution Press, (lire en ligne), « Paper 44: Development of gravity pendulums in the 19th century », p. 307
gsu.edu
hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu
C. R. Nave, « Simple Pendulum », Dept. of Physics and Astronomy, Georgia State Univ., (consulté le )
