Robert A. Scalapino et Chong-Sik Lee, Communism in Korea: The society, University of California Press, (ISBN978-0-520-02274-4, lire en ligne), p. 1395.
Bradley K. Martin, Under the Loving Care of the Fatherly Leader: North Korea and the Kim Dynasty, St. Martin's Press, (ISBN978-1-4299-0699-9, lire en ligne), p. 252.
Brian Myers, Han Sŏrya and North Korean Literature: The Failure of Socialist Realism in DPRK, Ithaca, East Asia Program, Cornell University, (ISBN978-0-939657-84-1, lire en ligne), p. 191.