(en) L. J. Newby, The Empire And the Khanate : A Political History of Qing Relations With Khoqand C1760-1860, vol. 16 de Brill's Inner Asian Library, Leiden, BRILL, , 297 p. (ISBN90-04-14550-8 et 9789004145504, lire en ligne), p. 35.
(en) Anna Grasskamp et Monica Juneja, EurAsian Matters : China, Europe, and the Transcultural Object, 1600-1800, Springer, coll. « Transcultural Research – Heidelberg Studies on Asia and Europe in a Global Context », , 253 p. (ISBN978-3-319-75641-7 et 3-319-75641-9, lire en ligne), p. 164.