(en) Vivienne Xiangwei Guo, Negotiating A Chinese Federation: The Exchange of Ideas and Political Collaborations between China's Men of Guns and Men of Letters, 1919-1923, BRILL, (ISBN978-90-04-52865-9, lire en ligne)
(en) Diana Lary et Stephen MacKinnon, Scars of War: The Impact of Warfare on Modern China, UBC Press, (ISBN978-0-7748-4198-6, lire en ligne)
(en) Vivienne Xiangwei Guo, Negotiating A Chinese Federation: The Exchange of Ideas and Political Collaborations between China's Men of Guns and Men of Letters, 1919-1923, BRILL, (ISBN978-90-04-52865-9, lire en ligne)
(en) Ivan Sablin et Egas Moniz Bandeira, Parties as Governments in Eurasia, 1913–1991: Nationalism, Socialism, and Development, Taylor & Francis, (ISBN978-1-000-60846-5, lire en ligne)