(en) Kim, Chun-gil, The History of Korea, (lire en ligne), p. 107-108.
(en) Kang, Woong Joe, The Korean struggle for International identity in the foreground of the Shufeldt Negotiation, 1866-1882, (lire en ligne), p. 136.
(en) Kang, Jae-un, The Land of Scholars: Two Thousand Years of Korean Confucianism, (lire en ligne), p. 459.
(en) Pletcher, David M., The Diplomacy of Involvement: American economic expansion across the Pacific, 1784-1900, (lire en ligne), p. 186.
(en) Office of the Historian, Foreign Service Institute, « Korea », sur A Guide to the United States’ History of Recognition, Diplomatic, and Consular Relations, by Country, since 1776, United States Department of State (consulté le ), The United States and the Kingdom of Choson (Korea) engaged in their first official diplomatic interaction on May 22, 1882, when representatives of the two states signed a treaty of amity and commerce at Chemulpo, Korea. The treaty had been negotiated with the assistance of Chinese officials, since China had for many years had influence in Korea’s foreign affairs due to a historical tributary relationship between the two countries. In fact, Korea was an independent state and this fact was acknowledged in the treaty. It was the first treaty Korea signed with a Western nation..
