Mugane 2015, p.185; Omar et Frankl 1997, p.57(en) John M. Mugane, «The Swahili literary tradition», dans The story of Swahili, Ohio University Press, coll.«Africa in world history», (ISBN978-0-89680-292-6 et 978-0-89680-489-0), p.147-174(en) Yahya Ali Omar et P. J. L. Frankl, «An historical review of the Arabic rendering of Swahili together with proposals for the development of a Swahili writing system in Arabic script (based on the Swahili of Mombasa)», Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol.7, no1, , p.55–71 (DOI10.1017/S1356186300008312, JSTOR25183295)
Mugane 2015, p.185; Omar et Frankl 1997, p.57(en) John M. Mugane, «The Swahili literary tradition», dans The story of Swahili, Ohio University Press, coll.«Africa in world history», (ISBN978-0-89680-292-6 et 978-0-89680-489-0), p.147-174(en) Yahya Ali Omar et P. J. L. Frankl, «An historical review of the Arabic rendering of Swahili together with proposals for the development of a Swahili writing system in Arabic script (based on the Swahili of Mombasa)», Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society, vol.7, no1, , p.55–71 (DOI10.1017/S1356186300008312, JSTOR25183295)