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Guy Le Strange, Palestine Under the Moslems: A Description of Syria and the Holy Land from A.D. 650 to 1500. London: Committee of the Palestine Exploration Fund. p. 31
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Patricia Crone, Slaves on Horses: The Evolution of the Islamic Polity. (1980) Cambridge University Press, p. 126
Moshe Sharon, Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum Palaestinae (CIAP). Volume Two: B-C, p. 218
Nitzan Amitai-Preiss, "What Happened in 155/771-72? The Testimony of Lead Seals". In Material Evidence and Narrative Sources: Interdisciplinary Studies of the History of the Muslim Middle East. Leiden and Boston: Brill (2015), p. 72
