Central Asia: its strategic importance and future prospects, Hafeez Malik (editor), Palgrave Macmillan, 1996, ISBN 978-0-312-16452-2, ... Impact of Afghanistan's War on the Former Soviet Republics of Central Asia (Victor Spolnikov) ... These colonial policies, and especially the June 25, 1916, decree ordering the mobilization of almost half a million Muslim men for military service behind the front lines, 'touched off a chain reaction of rebellion,' but it was suppressed ...
Setting the East ablaze: Lenin's dream of an empire in Asia, Peter Hopkirk, Kodansha Globe, 1995, ISBN 978-1-56836-102-4, ... in a bid to break the basmachi for good and woo the Muslim masses to the Bolshevik cause, Lenin himself decided to take an enormous gamble. The man he chose to carry out his plan was a former Turkish general named Enver Pasha ...
