क्रम-विकास से परिचय (Hindi Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "क्रम-विकास से परिचय" in Hindi language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Hindi rank

36worldcat.org

5^th place

8^th place

28web.archive.org

1^st place

14doi.org

2^nd place

5^th place

12archive.org

6^th place

12loc.gov

70^th place

167^th place

9nih.gov

4^th place

7^th place

8wikipedia.org

low place

2,315^th place

3harvard.edu

18^th place

56^th place

3berkeley.edu

580^th place

212^th place

3darwin-online.org.uk

2,821^st place

3,085^th place

3pbs.org

198^th place

276^th place

2excite.com

low place

5,459^th place

1usgs.gov

167^th place

234^th place

1telegraph.co.uk

30^th place

79^th place

1pnas.org

1,293^rd place

391^st place

1scientificamerican.com

896^th place

1,086^th place

1springerlink.com

2,569^th place

554^th place

1accessexcellence.org

low place

1vqronline.org

low place

6,849^th place

1nationalgeographic.com

344^th place

269^th place

1textbookleague.org

low place

1kenyon.edu

8,981^st place

low place

accessexcellence.org

Rhee, Seung Yon. "Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)". Access Excellence. Atlanta, GA: National Health Museum. मूल से 27 दिसंबर 2014 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.

archive.org

Dalrymple 2001, पृष्ठ 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". प्रकाशित Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (संपा॰). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. 190. London: Geological Society of London. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0305-8719. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-86239-093-2. डीओआइ:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. बिबकोड:2001GSLSP.190..205D. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Raven & Johnson 2002, पृष्ठ 68 Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B. (2002). Biology (6th संस्करण). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. LCCN 2001030052. OCLC 45806501. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-07-112261-3. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Futuyma 2005a Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005a). Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 2004029808. OCLC 57311264. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-187-2.
Raup 1992, पृष्ठ 210 Raup, David M. (1992) [Originally published 1991]. Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck?. Introduction by Stephen Jay Gould. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. LCCN 90027192. OCLC 28725488. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-393-30927-4.
Farber 2000, पृष्ठ 136 Farber, Paul Lawrence (2000). Finding Order in Nature: The Naturalist Tradition from Linnaeus to E. O. Wilson. Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. LCCN 99089621. OCLC 43115207. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-8018-6390-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Darwin 2005 Darwin, Charles (2005). Darwin: The Indelible Stamp: The Evolution of an Idea. Edited, with foreword and commentary by James D. Watson. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press. OCLC 62172858. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-7624-2136-3.
Futuyma 2005b, पृष्ठ 93–98 Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005b). "The Nature of Natural Selection". प्रकाशित Cracraft, Joel; Bybee, Rodger W. (संपा॰). Evolutionary Science and Society: Educating a New Generation (PDF). Colorado Springs, CO: Biological Sciences Curriculum Study. OCLC 64228003. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-929614-23-3. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2014-12-06. "Revised Proceedings of the BSCS, AIBS Symposium November 2004, Chicago, IL"
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ Glossary Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Ewens 2004 Ewens, Warren J. (2004). Mathematical Population Genetics. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. I. Theoretical Introduction (2nd संस्करण). New York: Springer-Verlag New York. LCCN 2003065728. OCLC 53231891. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-387-20191-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Campbell & Reece 2002, पृष्ठ 445–463 Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2002). "The Evolution of Populations". Biology. 6th. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. LCCN 2001047033. OCLC 47521441. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-8053-6624-5.
"Population Bottleneck". Genetics। (2003)। New York: Macmillan Reference USA। अभिगमन तिथि: 2011-04-07
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ 303–304 Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.

berkeley.edu

evolution.berkeley.edu

"Misconceptions about evolution". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. मूल से 27 अक्तूबर 2013 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-09-26.
"Sex and genetic shuffling". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. मूल से 4 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-08.
"Gene flow". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. मूल से 23 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-08.

darwin-online.org.uk

van Wyhe, John (2002). "Fertilisation of Orchids". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. मूल से 18 दिसंबर 2007 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-07.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Charles Darwin: gentleman naturalist". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. मूल से 13 जनवरी 2020 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-16.
Darwin 1872, पृष्ठ 108, "Effects of the increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as controlled by Natural Selection" Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th संस्करण). London: John Murray. LCCN 13003393. OCLC 228738610. मूल से 7 जनवरी 2010 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 27 अक्तूबर 2015.

doi.org

Dalrymple 2001, पृष्ठ 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". प्रकाशित Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (संपा॰). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. 190. London: Geological Society of London. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0305-8719. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-86239-093-2. डीओआइ:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. बिबकोड:2001GSLSP.190..205D. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (May 1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 47 (3): 370–382. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0012-821X. डीओआइ:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2. बिबकोड:1980E&PSL..47..370M.
Schopf, J. William; Kudryavtsev, Anatoliy B.; Czaja, Andrew D.; Tripathi, Abhishek B. (October 5, 2007). "Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils". Precambrian Research. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 158 (3–4): 141–155. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0301-9268. डीओआइ:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009.
Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. London: Royal Society. 361 (1470): 869–885. PMID 16754604. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0962-8436. डीओआइ:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 1578735.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (November 16, 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. PMID 24205812. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1531-1074. डीओआइ:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 3870916. बिबकोड:2013AsBio..13.1103N.
Ohtomo, Yoko; Kakegawa, Takeshi; Ishida, Akizumi; एवं अन्य (January 2014). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience. London: Nature Publishing Group. 7 (1): 25–28. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1752-0894. डीओआइ:10.1038/ngeo2025.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; एवं अन्य (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1091-6490. डीओआइ:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. मूल से 6 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 2015-10-20. Early edition, published online before print.
Gregory, T. Ryan (June 2009). "Understanding Natural Selection: Essential Concepts and Common Misconceptions". Evolution: Education and Outreach. New York: Springer Science+Business Media. 2 (2): 156–175. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1936-6434. डीओआइ:10.1007/s12052-009-0128-1. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.^{[मृत कड़ियाँ]}
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (संपा॰). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. PMID 18519614. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1931-7913. डीओआइ:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 2424310.
Bejder, Lars; Hall, Brian K. (November 2002). "Limbs in whales and limblessness in other vertebrates: mechanisms of evolutionary and developmental transformation and loss". Evolution & Development. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. 4 (6): 445–458. PMID 12492145. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1520-541X. डीओआइ:10.1046/j.1525-142X.2002.02033.x.
Boughner, Julia C.; Buchtová, Marcela; Fu, Katherine; एवं अन्य (June 25, 2007). "Embryonic development of Python sebae – I: Staging criteria and macroscopic skeletal morphogenesis of the head and limbs". Zoology. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 110 (3): 212–230. PMID 17499493. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0944-2006. डीओआइ:10.1016/j.zool.2007.01.005.
Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. Boulder, CO: Paleontological Society. 30 (4): 522–542. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0094-8373. डीओआइ:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. मूल से 4 मार्च 2016 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 30 अक्तूबर 2015.
Ellstrand, Norman C.; Elam, Diane R. (November 1993). "Population Genetic Consequences of Small Population Size: Implications for Plant Conservation". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews. 24: 217–242. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1545-2069. डीओआइ:10.1146/annurev.es.24.110193.001245.
Hoelzel, A. Rus; Fleischer, Robert C.; Campagna, Claudio; एवं अन्य (July 2002). "Impact of a population bottleneck on symmetry and genetic diversity in the northern elephant seal". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the European Society for Evolutionary Biology. 15 (4): 567–575. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1010-061X. डीओआइ:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00419.x.

excite.com

apnews.excite.com

Borenstein, Seth (November 13, 2013). "Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. Associated Press. मूल से 29 जून 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-05-30.
Borenstein, Seth (19 October 2015). "Hints of life on what was thought to be desolate early Earth". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. एसोसिएटेड प्रेस. मूल से 23 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-10-20.

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Dalrymple 2001, पृष्ठ 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". प्रकाशित Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (संपा॰). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. 190. London: Geological Society of London. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0305-8719. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-86239-093-2. डीओआइ:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. बिबकोड:2001GSLSP.190..205D. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (May 1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 47 (3): 370–382. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0012-821X. डीओआइ:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2. बिबकोड:1980E&PSL..47..370M.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (November 16, 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. PMID 24205812. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1531-1074. डीओआइ:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 3870916. बिबकोड:2013AsBio..13.1103N.

kenyon.edu

biology.kenyon.edu

Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. Boulder, CO: Paleontological Society. 30 (4): 522–542. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0094-8373. डीओआइ:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. मूल से 4 मार्च 2016 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 30 अक्तूबर 2015.

loc.gov

lccn.loc.gov

Dalrymple 2001, पृष्ठ 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". प्रकाशित Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (संपा॰). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. 190. London: Geological Society of London. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0305-8719. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-86239-093-2. डीओआइ:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. बिबकोड:2001GSLSP.190..205D. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Raven & Johnson 2002, पृष्ठ 68 Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B. (2002). Biology (6th संस्करण). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. LCCN 2001030052. OCLC 45806501. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-07-112261-3. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Futuyma 2005a Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005a). Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 2004029808. OCLC 57311264. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-187-2.
Gould 2002 Gould, Stephen Jay (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. LCCN 2001043556. OCLC 47869352. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-674-00613-5.
Raup 1992, पृष्ठ 210 Raup, David M. (1992) [Originally published 1991]. Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck?. Introduction by Stephen Jay Gould. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. LCCN 90027192. OCLC 28725488. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-393-30927-4.
Farber 2000, पृष्ठ 136 Farber, Paul Lawrence (2000). Finding Order in Nature: The Naturalist Tradition from Linnaeus to E. O. Wilson. Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. LCCN 99089621. OCLC 43115207. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-8018-6390-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Darwin 1872, पृष्ठ 108, "Effects of the increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as controlled by Natural Selection" Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th संस्करण). London: John Murray. LCCN 13003393. OCLC 228738610. मूल से 7 जनवरी 2010 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 27 अक्तूबर 2015.
Gould 1980, पृष्ठ 24 Gould, Stephen Jay (1980). The Panda's Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History (1st संस्करण). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. LCCN 80015952. OCLC 6331415. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-393-01380-4.
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ Glossary Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Ewens 2004 Ewens, Warren J. (2004). Mathematical Population Genetics. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. I. Theoretical Introduction (2nd संस्करण). New York: Springer-Verlag New York. LCCN 2003065728. OCLC 53231891. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-387-20191-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Campbell & Reece 2002, पृष्ठ 445–463 Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2002). "The Evolution of Populations". Biology. 6th. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. LCCN 2001047033. OCLC 47521441. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-8053-6624-5.
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ 303–304 Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.

nationalgeographic.com

ngm.nationalgeographic.com

Quammen, David (November 2004). "Was Darwin Wrong?". National Geographic (Online extra). Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0027-9358. मूल से 25 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2007-12-23.

nih.gov

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. London: Royal Society. 361 (1470): 869–885. PMID 16754604. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0962-8436. डीओआइ:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 1578735.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (November 16, 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. PMID 24205812. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1531-1074. डीओआइ:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 3870916. बिबकोड:2013AsBio..13.1103N.
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (संपा॰). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. PMID 18519614. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1931-7913. डीओआइ:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 2424310.
Bejder, Lars; Hall, Brian K. (November 2002). "Limbs in whales and limblessness in other vertebrates: mechanisms of evolutionary and developmental transformation and loss". Evolution & Development. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. 4 (6): 445–458. PMID 12492145. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1520-541X. डीओआइ:10.1046/j.1525-142X.2002.02033.x.
Boughner, Julia C.; Buchtová, Marcela; Fu, Katherine; एवं अन्य (June 25, 2007). "Embryonic development of Python sebae – I: Staging criteria and macroscopic skeletal morphogenesis of the head and limbs". Zoology. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 110 (3): 212–230. PMID 17499493. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0944-2006. डीओआइ:10.1016/j.zool.2007.01.005.

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. London: Royal Society. 361 (1470): 869–885. PMID 16754604. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0962-8436. डीओआइ:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 1578735.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (November 16, 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. PMID 24205812. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1531-1074. डीओआइ:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 3870916. बिबकोड:2013AsBio..13.1103N.
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (संपा॰). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. PMID 18519614. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1931-7913. डीओआइ:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 2424310.

nihrecord.nih.gov

Delgado, Cynthia (July 28, 2006). "Finding the Evolution in Medicine". NIH Record. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. 58 (15): 1, 8–9. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1057-5871. मूल से 24 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-09.

pbs.org

"Frequently Asked Questions About Evolution". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 8 जून 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
"A Modern Mass Extinction?". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 24 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
"Genetic Drift and the Founder Effect". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 4 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2009-04-07.

pnas.org

Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; एवं अन्य (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1091-6490. डीओआइ:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. मूल से 6 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 2015-10-20. Early edition, published online before print.

scientificamerican.com

Harmon, Katherine (13 मई 2010). "The Proof Is in the Proteins: Test Supports Universal Common Ancestor for All Life". Scientific American (अंग्रेज़ी में). Scientific American. मूल से 6 जनवरी 2016 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 24 दिसंबर 2015.

springerlink.com

Gregory, T. Ryan (June 2009). "Understanding Natural Selection: Essential Concepts and Common Misconceptions". Evolution: Education and Outreach. New York: Springer Science+Business Media. 2 (2): 156–175. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1936-6434. डीओआइ:10.1007/s12052-009-0128-1. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.^{[मृत कड़ियाँ]}

telegraph.co.uk

Pearlman, Jonathan (November 13, 2013). "'Oldest signs of life on Earth found'". डेली टेलीग्राफ. London: Telegraph Media Group. मूल से 16 दिसंबर 2014 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2014-12-15.

textbookleague.org

Ghiselin, Michael T. (September–October 1994). "The Imaginary Lamarck: A Look at Bogus 'History' in Schoolbooks". The Textbook Letter. Sausalito, CA: The Textbook League. OCLC 23228649. मूल से 12 फ़रवरी 2008 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.

usgs.gov

pubs.usgs.gov

"Age of the Earth". United States Geological Survey. July 9, 2007. मूल से 23 दिसंबर 2005 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-05-29.

vqronline.org

Eldredge, Niles (Spring 2006). "Confessions of a Darwinist". Virginia Quarterly Review. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia. 82 (2): 32–53. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0042-675X. मूल से 6 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.

web.archive.org

"Age of the Earth". United States Geological Survey. July 9, 2007. मूल से 23 दिसंबर 2005 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-05-29.
Dalrymple 2001, पृष्ठ 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". प्रकाशित Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (संपा॰). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. 190. London: Geological Society of London. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0305-8719. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-86239-093-2. डीओआइ:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. बिबकोड:2001GSLSP.190..205D. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Raven & Johnson 2002, पृष्ठ 68 Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B. (2002). Biology (6th संस्करण). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. LCCN 2001030052. OCLC 45806501. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-07-112261-3. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Borenstein, Seth (November 13, 2013). "Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. Associated Press. मूल से 29 जून 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-05-30.
Pearlman, Jonathan (November 13, 2013). "'Oldest signs of life on Earth found'". डेली टेलीग्राफ. London: Telegraph Media Group. मूल से 16 दिसंबर 2014 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2014-12-15.
Borenstein, Seth (19 October 2015). "Hints of life on what was thought to be desolate early Earth". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. एसोसिएटेड प्रेस. मूल से 23 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-10-20.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; एवं अन्य (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1091-6490. डीओआइ:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. मूल से 6 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 2015-10-20. Early edition, published online before print.
"Misconceptions about evolution". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. मूल से 27 अक्तूबर 2013 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-09-26.
Harmon, Katherine (13 मई 2010). "The Proof Is in the Proteins: Test Supports Universal Common Ancestor for All Life". Scientific American (अंग्रेज़ी में). Scientific American. मूल से 6 जनवरी 2016 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 24 दिसंबर 2015.
Rhee, Seung Yon. "Gregor Mendel (1822-1884)". Access Excellence. Atlanta, GA: National Health Museum. मूल से 27 दिसंबर 2014 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.
Farber 2000, पृष्ठ 136 Farber, Paul Lawrence (2000). Finding Order in Nature: The Naturalist Tradition from Linnaeus to E. O. Wilson. Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. LCCN 99089621. OCLC 43115207. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-8018-6390-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Eldredge, Niles (Spring 2006). "Confessions of a Darwinist". Virginia Quarterly Review. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia. 82 (2): 32–53. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0042-675X. मूल से 6 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.
Quammen, David (November 2004). "Was Darwin Wrong?". National Geographic (Online extra). Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0027-9358. मूल से 25 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2007-12-23.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Fertilisation of Orchids". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. मूल से 18 दिसंबर 2007 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-07.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Charles Darwin: gentleman naturalist". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. मूल से 13 जनवरी 2020 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-16.
Delgado, Cynthia (July 28, 2006). "Finding the Evolution in Medicine". NIH Record. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. 58 (15): 1, 8–9. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1057-5871. मूल से 24 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-09.
Futuyma 2005b, पृष्ठ 93–98 Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005b). "The Nature of Natural Selection". प्रकाशित Cracraft, Joel; Bybee, Rodger W. (संपा॰). Evolutionary Science and Society: Educating a New Generation (PDF). Colorado Springs, CO: Biological Sciences Curriculum Study. OCLC 64228003. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-929614-23-3. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2014-12-06. "Revised Proceedings of the BSCS, AIBS Symposium November 2004, Chicago, IL"
Darwin 1872, पृष्ठ 108, "Effects of the increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as controlled by Natural Selection" Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th संस्करण). London: John Murray. LCCN 13003393. OCLC 228738610. मूल से 7 जनवरी 2010 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 27 अक्तूबर 2015.
Ghiselin, Michael T. (September–October 1994). "The Imaginary Lamarck: A Look at Bogus 'History' in Schoolbooks". The Textbook Letter. Sausalito, CA: The Textbook League. OCLC 23228649. मूल से 12 फ़रवरी 2008 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
"Sex and genetic shuffling". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. मूल से 4 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-08.
"Gene flow". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. मूल से 23 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-08.
"Frequently Asked Questions About Evolution". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 8 जून 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
"A Modern Mass Extinction?". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 24 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. Boulder, CO: Paleontological Society. 30 (4): 522–542. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0094-8373. डीओआइ:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. मूल से 4 मार्च 2016 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 30 अक्तूबर 2015.
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ Glossary Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Ewens 2004 Ewens, Warren J. (2004). Mathematical Population Genetics. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. I. Theoretical Introduction (2nd संस्करण). New York: Springer-Verlag New York. LCCN 2003065728. OCLC 53231891. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-387-20191-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ 303–304 Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
"Genetic Drift and the Founder Effect". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 4 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2009-04-07.

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

"Age of the Earth". United States Geological Survey. July 9, 2007. मूल से 23 दिसंबर 2005 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-05-29.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (May 1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 47 (3): 370–382. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0012-821X. डीओआइ:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2. बिबकोड:1980E&PSL..47..370M.
Schopf, J. William; Kudryavtsev, Anatoliy B.; Czaja, Andrew D.; Tripathi, Abhishek B. (October 5, 2007). "Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils". Precambrian Research. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 158 (3–4): 141–155. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0301-9268. डीओआइ:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009.
Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. London: Royal Society. 361 (1470): 869–885. PMID 16754604. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0962-8436. डीओआइ:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 1578735.
Borenstein, Seth (November 13, 2013). "Oldest fossil found: Meet your microbial mom". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. Associated Press. मूल से 29 जून 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-05-30.
Borenstein, Seth (19 October 2015). "Hints of life on what was thought to be desolate early Earth". Excite. Yonkers, NY: Mindspark Interactive Network. एसोसिएटेड प्रेस. मूल से 23 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-10-20.
"Misconceptions about evolution". Understanding Evolution. University of California, Berkeley. मूल से 27 अक्तूबर 2013 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-09-26.
Gregory, T. Ryan (June 2009). "Understanding Natural Selection: Essential Concepts and Common Misconceptions". Evolution: Education and Outreach. New York: Springer Science+Business Media. 2 (2): 156–175. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1936-6434. डीओआइ:10.1007/s12052-009-0128-1. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.^{[मृत कड़ियाँ]}

worldcat.org

Dalrymple 2001, पृष्ठ 205–221 Dalrymple, G. Brent (2001). "The age of the Earth in the twentieth century: a problem (mostly) solved". प्रकाशित Lewis, C. L. E.; Knell, S. J. (संपा॰). The Age of the Earth: from 4004 BC to AD 2002. Geological Society Special Publication. 190. London: Geological Society of London. LCCN 2003464816. OCLC 48570033. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0305-8719. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-86239-093-2. डीओआइ:10.1144/gsl.sp.2001.190.01.14. बिबकोड:2001GSLSP.190..205D. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Manhesa, Gérard; Allègre, Claude J.; Dupréa, Bernard; Hamelin, Bruno (May 1980). "Lead isotope study of basic-ultrabasic layered complexes: Speculations about the age of the earth and primitive mantle characteristics". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 47 (3): 370–382. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0012-821X. डीओआइ:10.1016/0012-821X(80)90024-2. बिबकोड:1980E&PSL..47..370M.
Schopf, J. William; Kudryavtsev, Anatoliy B.; Czaja, Andrew D.; Tripathi, Abhishek B. (October 5, 2007). "Evidence of Archean life: Stromatolites and microfossils". Precambrian Research. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 158 (3–4): 141–155. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0301-9268. डीओआइ:10.1016/j.precamres.2007.04.009.
Schopf, J. William (June 29, 2006). "Fossil evidence of Archaean life". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. London: Royal Society. 361 (1470): 869–885. PMID 16754604. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0962-8436. डीओआइ:10.1098/rstb.2006.1834. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 1578735.
Raven & Johnson 2002, पृष्ठ 68 Raven, Peter H.; Johnson, George B. (2002). Biology (6th संस्करण). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill. LCCN 2001030052. OCLC 45806501. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-07-112261-3. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Noffke, Nora; Christian, Daniel; Wacey, David; Hazen, Robert M. (November 16, 2013). "Microbially Induced Sedimentary Structures Recording an Ancient Ecosystem in the ca. 3.48 Billion-Year-Old Dresser Formation, Pilbara, Western Australia". Astrobiology. New Rochelle, NY: Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. 13 (12): 1103–1124. PMID 24205812. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1531-1074. डीओआइ:10.1089/ast.2013.1030. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 3870916. बिबकोड:2013AsBio..13.1103N.
Ohtomo, Yoko; Kakegawa, Takeshi; Ishida, Akizumi; एवं अन्य (January 2014). "Evidence for biogenic graphite in early Archaean Isua metasedimentary rocks". Nature Geoscience. London: Nature Publishing Group. 7 (1): 25–28. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1752-0894. डीओआइ:10.1038/ngeo2025.
Bell, Elizabeth A.; Boehnike, Patrick; Harrison, T. Mark; एवं अन्य (19 October 2015). "Potentially biogenic carbon preserved in a 4.1 billion-year-old zircon" (PDF). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. Washington, D.C.: National Academy of Sciences. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1091-6490. डीओआइ:10.1073/pnas.1517557112. मूल से 6 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 2015-10-20. Early edition, published online before print.
Futuyma 2005a Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005a). Evolution. Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 2004029808. OCLC 57311264. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-187-2.
Gould 2002 Gould, Stephen Jay (2002). The Structure of Evolutionary Theory. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press. LCCN 2001043556. OCLC 47869352. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-674-00613-5.
Gregory, T. Ryan (June 2009). "Understanding Natural Selection: Essential Concepts and Common Misconceptions". Evolution: Education and Outreach. New York: Springer Science+Business Media. 2 (2): 156–175. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1936-6434. डीओआइ:10.1007/s12052-009-0128-1. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.^{[मृत कड़ियाँ]}
Garvin-Doxas, Kathy; Klymkowsky, Michael W. (Summer 2008). Alberts, Bruce (संपा॰). "Understanding Randomness and its Impact on Student Learning: Lessons Learned from Building the Biology Concept Inventory (BCI)". CBE—Life Sciences Education. Bethesda, MD: American Society for Cell Biology. 7 (2): 227–233. PMID 18519614. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1931-7913. डीओआइ:10.1187/cbe.07-08-0063. पी॰एम॰सी॰ 2424310.
Raup 1992, पृष्ठ 210 Raup, David M. (1992) [Originally published 1991]. Extinction: Bad Genes or Bad Luck?. Introduction by Stephen Jay Gould. New York: W. W. Norton & Company. LCCN 90027192. OCLC 28725488. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-393-30927-4.
Farber 2000, पृष्ठ 136 Farber, Paul Lawrence (2000). Finding Order in Nature: The Naturalist Tradition from Linnaeus to E. O. Wilson. Johns Hopkins Introductory Studies in the History of Science. Baltimore, MD: Johns Hopkins University Press. LCCN 99089621. OCLC 43115207. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-8018-6390-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Darwin 2005 Darwin, Charles (2005). Darwin: The Indelible Stamp: The Evolution of an Idea. Edited, with foreword and commentary by James D. Watson. Philadelphia, PA: Running Press. OCLC 62172858. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-7624-2136-3.
Eldredge, Niles (Spring 2006). "Confessions of a Darwinist". Virginia Quarterly Review. Charlottesville, VA: University of Virginia. 82 (2): 32–53. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0042-675X. मूल से 6 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-07.
Quammen, David (November 2004). "Was Darwin Wrong?". National Geographic (Online extra). Washington, D.C.: National Geographic Society. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0027-9358. मूल से 25 अक्तूबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2007-12-23.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Fertilisation of Orchids". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. मूल से 18 दिसंबर 2007 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-07.
van Wyhe, John (2002). "Charles Darwin: gentleman naturalist". The Complete Work of Charles Darwin Online. OCLC 74272908. मूल से 13 जनवरी 2020 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-16.
Delgado, Cynthia (July 28, 2006). "Finding the Evolution in Medicine". NIH Record. Bethesda, MD: National Institutes of Health. 58 (15): 1, 8–9. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1057-5871. मूल से 24 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2015-01-09.
Futuyma 2005b, पृष्ठ 93–98 Futuyma, Douglas J. (2005b). "The Nature of Natural Selection". प्रकाशित Cracraft, Joel; Bybee, Rodger W. (संपा॰). Evolutionary Science and Society: Educating a New Generation (PDF). Colorado Springs, CO: Biological Sciences Curriculum Study. OCLC 64228003. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 1-929614-23-3. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2014-12-06. "Revised Proceedings of the BSCS, AIBS Symposium November 2004, Chicago, IL"
Darwin 1872, पृष्ठ 108, "Effects of the increased Use and Disuse of Parts, as controlled by Natural Selection" Darwin, Charles (1872). The Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life (6th संस्करण). London: John Murray. LCCN 13003393. OCLC 228738610. मूल से 7 जनवरी 2010 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 27 अक्तूबर 2015.
Ghiselin, Michael T. (September–October 1994). "The Imaginary Lamarck: A Look at Bogus 'History' in Schoolbooks". The Textbook Letter. Sausalito, CA: The Textbook League. OCLC 23228649. मूल से 12 फ़रवरी 2008 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
Gould 1980, पृष्ठ 24 Gould, Stephen Jay (1980). The Panda's Thumb: More Reflections in Natural History (1st संस्करण). New York: W. W. Norton & Company. LCCN 80015952. OCLC 6331415. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-393-01380-4.
Bejder, Lars; Hall, Brian K. (November 2002). "Limbs in whales and limblessness in other vertebrates: mechanisms of evolutionary and developmental transformation and loss". Evolution & Development. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the Society for Integrative and Comparative Biology. 4 (6): 445–458. PMID 12492145. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1520-541X. डीओआइ:10.1046/j.1525-142X.2002.02033.x.
Boughner, Julia C.; Buchtová, Marcela; Fu, Katherine; एवं अन्य (June 25, 2007). "Embryonic development of Python sebae – I: Staging criteria and macroscopic skeletal morphogenesis of the head and limbs". Zoology. Amsterdam, the Netherlands: Elsevier. 110 (3): 212–230. PMID 17499493. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0944-2006. डीओआइ:10.1016/j.zool.2007.01.005.
"Frequently Asked Questions About Evolution". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 8 जून 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
"A Modern Mass Extinction?". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 24 सितंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2008-01-23.
Bambach, Richard K.; Knoll, Andrew H.; Wang, Steve C. (December 2004). "Origination, extinction, and mass depletions of marine diversity" (PDF). Paleobiology. Boulder, CO: Paleontological Society. 30 (4): 522–542. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 0094-8373. डीओआइ:10.1666/0094-8373(2004)030<0522:OEAMDO>2.0.CO;2. मूल से 4 मार्च 2016 को पुरालेखित (PDF). अभिगमन तिथि 30 अक्तूबर 2015.
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ Glossary Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Ellstrand, Norman C.; Elam, Diane R. (November 1993). "Population Genetic Consequences of Small Population Size: Implications for Plant Conservation". Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics. Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews. 24: 217–242. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1545-2069. डीओआइ:10.1146/annurev.es.24.110193.001245.
Ewens 2004 Ewens, Warren J. (2004). Mathematical Population Genetics. Interdisciplinary Applied Mathematics. I. Theoretical Introduction (2nd संस्करण). New York: Springer-Verlag New York. LCCN 2003065728. OCLC 53231891. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-387-20191-2. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Campbell & Reece 2002, पृष्ठ 445–463 Campbell, Neil A.; Reece, Jane B. (2002). "The Evolution of Populations". Biology. 6th. San Francisco, CA: Benjamin Cummings. LCCN 2001047033. OCLC 47521441. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-8053-6624-5.
Futuyma 1998, पृष्ठ 303–304 Futuyma, Douglas J. (1998). Evolutionary Biology (3rd संस्करण). Sunderland, MA: Sinauer Associates. LCCN 97037947. OCLC 37560100. आई॰ऍस॰बी॰ऍन॰ 0-87893-189-9. मूल से 2 अक्तूबर 2019 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 23 अक्तूबर 2019.
Hoelzel, A. Rus; Fleischer, Robert C.; Campagna, Claudio; एवं अन्य (July 2002). "Impact of a population bottleneck on symmetry and genetic diversity in the northern elephant seal". Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley-Blackwell on behalf of the European Society for Evolutionary Biology. 15 (4): 567–575. आइ॰एस॰एस॰एन॰ 1010-061X. डीओआइ:10.1046/j.1420-9101.2002.00419.x.
"Genetic Drift and the Founder Effect". Evolution Library (Web resource). Evolution. Boston, MA: WGBH Educational Foundation; Clear Blue Sky Productions, Inc. 2001. OCLC 48165595. मूल से 4 नवंबर 2015 को पुरालेखित. अभिगमन तिथि 2009-04-07.