Gyanchandani, Jyoti; Sikka, S. K. (10 Mei 2011). "Physical properties of the 6 d -series elements from density functional theory: Close similarity to lighter transition metals". Physical Review B. 83 (17): 172101. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.83.172101.
Münzenberg, G.; Gupta, M. (2011). "Production and Identification of Transactinide Elements". Handbook of Nuclear Chemistry. Springer. hlm. 877. doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-0720-2_19.