Galaksi (Indonesian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Galaksi" in Indonesian language version.

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Sparke & Gallagher III 2000, hlm. i Sparke, L. S.; Gallagher III, J. S. (2000). Galaxies in the Universe: An Introduction. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-59740-4.
Hoover, A. (16 Juni 2003). "UF Astronomers: Universe Slightly Simpler Than Expected". Hubble News Desk. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-20. Diakses tanggal 4 Maret 2011. Didasarkan pada:
- Graham, A. W.; Guzmán, R. (2003). "HST Photometry of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in Coma, and an Explanation for the Alleged Structural Dichotomy between Dwarf and Bright Elliptical Galaxies". Astronomical Journal. 125 (6): 2936–2950. arXiv:astro-ph/0303391 . Bibcode:2003AJ....125.2936G. doi:10.1086/374992.
- Waller & Hodge 2003, hlm. 91 Waller, W. H.; Hodge, P. W. (2003). Galaxies and the Cosmic Frontier. Harvard University Press. ISBN 0-674-01079-5.
- Heidarzadeh 2008, hlm. 23–25 Heidarzadeh, T. (2008). A History of Physical Theories of Comets, from Aristotle to Whipple. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-8322-X.
- Heidarzadeh 2008, hlm. 25, Table 2.1 Heidarzadeh, T. (2008). A History of Physical Theories of Comets, from Aristotle to Whipple. Springer. ISBN 1-4020-8322-X.
- Paul 1993, hlm. 16–18 Paul, E. R. (1993). The Milky Way Galaxy and Statistical Cosmology, 1890–1924. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-35363-7.
- Lihat teks quoted from Wright's An original theory or new hypothesis of the Universe in Dyson, F. (1979). Disturbing the Universe. Pan Books. hlm. 245. ISBN 0-330-26324-2.
- Slipher, V. M. (1915). "Spectrographic Observations of Nebulae". Popular Astronomy. 23: 21–24. Bibcode:1915PA.....23...21S.
- Öpik, E. (1922). "An estimate of the distance of the Andromeda Nebula". Astrophysical Journal. 55: 406. Bibcode:1922ApJ....55..406O. doi:10.1086/142680.
- Hubble, E. P. (1929). "A spiral nebula as a stellar system, Messier 31". Astrophysical Journal. 69: 103–158. Bibcode:1929ApJ....69..103H. doi:10.1086/143167.
- Rubin, V. C. (1983). "Dark matter in spiral galaxies". Scientific American. 248 (6): 96–106. Bibcode:1983SciAm.248...96R. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0683-96.
- Bertin & Lin 1996, hlm. 65–85 Bertin, G.; Lin, C.-C. (1996). Spiral Structure in Galaxies: a Density Wave Theory. MIT Press. ISBN 0-262-02396-2.
- Belkora 2003, hlm. 355 Belkora, L. (2003). Minding the Heavens: the Story of our Discovery of the Milky Way. CRC Press. ISBN 0-7503-0730-7.
- Conselice, C. J. (2007). "The Universe's Invisible Hand". Scientific American. 296 (2): 35–41. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0207-34.
- Knapp, G. R. (1999). Star Formation in Early Type Galaxies. Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Bibcode:1998astro.ph..8266K. ISBN 1-886733-84-8. OCLC 41302839.
- Sharon Gosling (2005). Titan Books, ed. Stargate Atlantis: The Official Companion Season 1. London. hlm. 10-19. ISBN 1-84576-116-2.

archive.today

Jarrett, T. H. "Near-Infrared Galaxy Morphology Atlas". California Institute of Technology. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-02. Diakses tanggal 9 Januari 2007.
"Hubble's Largest Galaxy Portrait Offers a New High-Definition View". NASA. 28 Februari 2006. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-04. Diakses tanggal 3 Januari 2007.
Gilman, D. "The Galaxies: Islands of Stars". NASA WMAP. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-02. Diakses tanggal 10 Agustus 2006.
"Galaxy Clusters and Large-Scale Structure". University of Cambridge. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-24. Diakses tanggal 15 Januari 2007.
Harper, D. "galaxy". Online Etymology Dictionary. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-27. Diakses tanggal 11 Nopember 2011.
Montada, J. P. (28 September 2007). "Ibn Bajja". Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-28. Diakses tanggal 11 Juli 2008.
O'Connor, J. J.; Robertson, E. F. (November 2002). "Galileo Galilei". University of St. Andrews. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-30. Diakses tanggal 8 Januari 2007.
Abbey, L. "The Earl of Rosse and the Leviathan of Parsontown". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-04. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-04.
Sandage, A. (1989). "Edwin Hubble, 1889–1953". Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada. 83 (6): 351–362. Bibcode:1989JRASC..83..351S. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-30. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-08.
Tenn, J. "Hendrik Christoffel van de Hulst". Sonoma State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-29. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-05.
"Hubble Rules Out a Leading Explanation for Dark Matter". Hubble News Desk. 17 Oktober 1994. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-01. Diakses tanggal 8 Januari 2007.
"How many galaxies are there?". NASA. 2002-11-27. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-11. Diakses tanggal 2007-01-08.
Smith, G. (6 Mei 2000). "Galaxies — The Spiral Nebulae". University of California, San Diego Center for Astrophysics & Space Sciences. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-10. Diakses tanggal 30 Nopember 2006.
"ISO unveils the hidden rings of Andromeda" (Siaran pers). European Space Agency. 14 Oktober 1998. Diakses tanggal 24 Mei 2006. "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1999-08-28. Diakses tanggal 2011-09-30.
Schirber, M. (27 Agustus 2008). "No Slimming Down for Dwarf Galaxies". ScienceNOW. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-13. Diakses tanggal 27 Agustus 2008.
"Interacting Galaxies". Swinburne University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-07. Diakses tanggal 2006-12-19.
Smith, G. (13 Juli 2006). "Starbursts & Colliding Galaxies". University of California, San Diego Center for Astrophysics & Space Sciences. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-07. Diakses tanggal 10 Agustus 2006.
Keel, B. (2006). "Starburst Galaxies". University of Alabama. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-04. Diakses tanggal 11 Desember 2006.
Keel, W. C. (2000). "Introducing Active Galactic Nuclei". University of Alabama. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-27. Diakses tanggal 6 Desember 2006.
Lochner, J.; Gibb, M. "A Monster in the Middle". NASA. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-10. Diakses tanggal 20 Desember 2006.
"Simulations Show How Growing Black Holes Regulate Galaxy Formation". Carnegie Mellon University. 9 Februari 2005. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-04. Diakses tanggal 7 Januari 2007.
Adams, Fred; Laughlin, Greg (13 Juli 2006). "The Great Cosmic Battle". Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-31. Diakses tanggal 16 Januari 2007.
Pobojewski, S. (21 Januari 1997). "Physics offers glimpse into the dark side of the Universe". University of Michigan. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-04. Diakses tanggal 13 Januari 2007.
McKee, M. (7 Juni 2005). "Galactic loners produce more stars". New Scientist. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-09-11. Diakses tanggal 15 Januari 2007.
"Groups & Clusters of Galaxies". NASA/Chandra. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-07. Diakses tanggal 15 Januari 2007.
Ricker, P. "When Galaxy Clusters Collide". San Diego Supercomputer Center. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-05. Diakses tanggal 27 Agustus 2008.
"The Effects of Earth's Upper Atmosphere on Radio Signals". NASA. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-29. Diakses tanggal 10 Agustus 2006.
"Giant Radio Telescope Imaging Could Make Dark Matter Visible". ScienceDaily. 14 Desember 2006. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-29. Diakses tanggal 2 Januari 2007.
"NASA Telescope Sees Black Hole Munch on a Star". NASA. 5 Desember 2006. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-04. Diakses tanggal 2 Januari 2007.
Dunn, R. "An Introduction to X-ray Astronomy". Institute of Astronomy X-Ray Group. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-17. Diakses tanggal 2 Januari 2007.
Glen, Mackie (1 Februari 2002). "To see the Universe in a Grain of Taranaki Sand". Swinburne University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-30. Diakses tanggal 20 Desember 2006.

arxiv.org

Hoover, A. (16 Juni 2003). "UF Astronomers: Universe Slightly Simpler Than Expected". Hubble News Desk. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-20. Diakses tanggal 4 Maret 2011. Didasarkan pada:
- Graham, A. W.; Guzmán, R. (2003). "HST Photometry of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in Coma, and an Explanation for the Alleged Structural Dichotomy between Dwarf and Bright Elliptical Galaxies". Astronomical Journal. 125 (6): 2936–2950. arXiv:astro-ph/0303391 . Bibcode:2003AJ....125.2936G. doi:10.1086/374992.
- López-Corredoira, M. (2001). "Searching for the in-plane Galactic bar and ring in DENIS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 373 (1): 139–152. arXiv:astro-ph/0104307 . Bibcode:2001A&A...373..139L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010560.
- Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.; Juraszek, S. (2000). "Mapping the hidden Universe: The galaxy distribution in the Zone of Avoidance". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 17 (1): 6–12. arXiv:astro-ph/9910572 . Bibcode:1999astro.ph.10572K. doi:10.1071/AS00006.
- Bournaud, F.; Combes, F. (2002). "Gas accretion on spiral galaxies: Bar formation and renewal". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 392 (1): 83–102. arXiv:astro-ph/0206273 . Bibcode:2002A&A...392...83B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020920.
- Knapen, J. H.; Pérez-Ramírez, D.; Laine, S. (2002). "Circumnuclear regions in barred spiral galaxies — II. Relations to host galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 337 (3): 808–828. arXiv:astro-ph/0207258 . Bibcode:2002MNRAS.337..808K. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05840.x.
- Alard, C. (2001). "Another bar in the Bulge". Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters. 379 (2): L44–L47. arXiv:astro-ph/0110491 . Bibcode:2001A&A...379L..44A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011487.
- Phillipps, S.; Drinkwater, M. J.; Gregg, M. D.; Jones, J. B. (2001). "Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster". Astrophysical Journal. 560 (1): 201–206. arXiv:astro-ph/0106377 . Bibcode:2001ApJ...560..201P. doi:10.1086/322517.
- Ho, L. C.; Filippenko, A. V.; Sargent, W. L. W. (1997). "A Search for "Dwarf" Seyfert Nuclei. V. Demographics of Nuclear Activity in Nearby Galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 487 (2): 568–578. arXiv:astro-ph/9704108 . Bibcode:1997ApJ...487..568H. doi:10.1086/304638.
- Firmani, C.; Avila-Reese, V. (2003). "Physical processes behind the morphological Hubble sequence". Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica. 17: 107–120. arXiv:astro-ph/0303543 . Bibcode:2003RMxAC..17..107F.
- Heger, A.; Woosley, S. E. (2002). "The Nucleosynthetic Signature of Population III". Astrophysical Journal. 567 (1): 532–543. arXiv:astro-ph/0107037 . Bibcode:2002ApJ...567..532H. doi:10.1086/338487.
- Barkana, R.; Loeb, A. (1999). "In the beginning: the first sources of light and the reionization of the Universe". Physics Reports. 349 (2): 125–238. arXiv:astro-ph/0010468 . Bibcode:2001PhR...349..125B. doi:10.1016/S0370-1573(01)00019-9.
- Noguchi, M. (1999). "Early Evolution of Disk Galaxies: Formation of Bulges in Clumpy Young Galactic Disks". Astrophysical Journal. 514 (1): 77–95. arXiv:astro-ph/9806355 . Bibcode:1999ApJ...514...77N. doi:10.1086/306932.
- Struck, C. (1999). "Galaxy Collisions". Physics Reports. 321: 1. arXiv:astro-ph/9908269 . Bibcode:1999PhR...321....1S. doi:10.1016/S0370-1573(99)00030-7.
- Panter, B.; Jimenez, R.; Heavens, A. F.; Charlot, S. (2007). "The star formation histories of galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 378 (4): 1550–1564. arXiv:astro-ph/0608531 . Bibcode:2007MNRAS.378.1550P. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.11909.x.
- Girardi, M.; Giuricin, G. (2000). "The Observational Mass Function of Loose Galaxy Groups". The Astrophysical Journal. 540 (1): 45–56. arXiv:astro-ph/0004149 . Bibcode:2000ApJ...540...45G. doi:10.1086/309314.
- Dubinski, J. (1998). "The Origin of the Brightest Cluster Galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 502 (2): 141–149. arXiv:astro-ph/9709102 . Bibcode:1998ApJ...502..141D. doi:10.1086/305901. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-05-14. Diakses tanggal 2013-09-17.
- van den Bergh, S. (2000). "Updated Information on the Local Group". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 112 (770): 529–536. arXiv:astro-ph/0001040 . Bibcode:2000PASP..112..529V. doi:10.1086/316548.

astronomynotes.com

Strobel, Nick. "Galaxy Collisions and Mergers". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2022-09-11. Diakses tanggal 2013-09-15.

astrosociety.org

Adams, Fred; Laughlin, Greg (13 Juli 2006). "The Great Cosmic Battle". Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-31. Diakses tanggal 16 Januari 2007.

berkeley.edu

Sanders, R. (2006-01-09). "Milky Way galaxy is warped and vibrating like a drum". UCBerkeley News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-01-18. Diakses tanggal 24 Mei 2006.

books.google.com

Deutsch, David (2011). The Fabric of Reality. Penguin Books Limited. hlm. 234–. ISBN 978-0-14-196961-9. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-28. Diakses tanggal 2013-09-21.
Al-Biruni 2004, hlm. 87 Al-Biruni (2004). The Book of Instruction in the Elements of the Art of Astrology. R. Ramsay Wright (transl.). Kessinger Publishing. ISBN 0-7661-9307-1. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-28. Diakses tanggal 2013-09-20.

britannica.com

Sterling, Bruce (2008). "Science fiction". Encyclopædia Britannica. Diakses tanggal 26 Juni 2008.

caltech.edu

ipac.caltech.edu

Jarrett, T. H. "Near-Infrared Galaxy Morphology Atlas". California Institute of Technology. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-08-02. Diakses tanggal 9 Januari 2007.
"Near, Mid & Far Infrared". IPAC/NASA. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-12-30. Diakses tanggal 2 Januari 2007.

cam.ac.uk

damtp.cam.ac.uk

"Galaxy Clusters and Large-Scale Structure". University of Cambridge. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-05-24. Diakses tanggal 15 Januari 2007.

www-xray.ast.cam.ac.uk

Dunn, R. "An Introduction to X-ray Astronomy". Institute of Astronomy X-Ray Group. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-17. Diakses tanggal 2 Januari 2007.

cas.cz

udu.cas.cz

Koneãn˘, Lubomír. "Emblematics, Agriculture, and Mythography in The Origin of the Milky Way" (PDF). Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2006-07-20. Diakses tanggal 5 Januari 2007.

cassucsd.edu

Smith, G. (6 Mei 2000). "Galaxies — The Spiral Nebulae". University of California, San Diego Center for Astrophysics & Space Sciences. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-10. Diakses tanggal 30 Nopember 2006.
Smith, G. (13 Juli 2006). "Starbursts & Colliding Galaxies". University of California, San Diego Center for Astrophysics & Space Sciences. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-07. Diakses tanggal 10 Agustus 2006.

cfa-harvard.edu

"Search for Submillimeter Protogalaxies". Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics. 18 Nopember 1999. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-03-25. Diakses tanggal 10 Januari 2007.

cmu.edu

"Simulations Show How Growing Black Holes Regulate Galaxy Formation". Carnegie Mellon University. 9 Februari 2005. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-06-04. Diakses tanggal 7 Januari 2007.

cornell.edu

curious.astro.cornell.edu

"Galaxies". Cornell University. 20 Oktober 2005. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-06-29. Diakses tanggal 10 Agustus 2006.

csiro.au

atnf.csiro.au

Dahlem, M. (24 Nopember 2006). "Optical and radio survey of Southern Compact Groups of galaxies". University of Birmingham Astrophysics and Space Research Group. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-06-13. Diakses tanggal 15 Januari 2007.

doi.org

Uson, J. M.; Boughn, S. P.; Kuhn, J. R. (1990). "The central galaxy in Abell 2029 – An old supergiant". Science. 250 (4980): 539–540. Bibcode:1990Sci...250..539U. doi:10.1126/science.250.4980.539.
Hoover, A. (16 Juni 2003). "UF Astronomers: Universe Slightly Simpler Than Expected". Hubble News Desk. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-20. Diakses tanggal 4 Maret 2011. Didasarkan pada:
- Graham, A. W.; Guzmán, R. (2003). "HST Photometry of Dwarf Elliptical Galaxies in Coma, and an Explanation for the Alleged Structural Dichotomy between Dwarf and Bright Elliptical Galaxies". Astronomical Journal. 125 (6): 2936–2950. arXiv:astro-ph/0303391 . Bibcode:2003AJ....125.2936G. doi:10.1086/374992.
- Livingston, J. W. (1971). "Ibn Qayyim al-Jawziyyah: A Fourteenth Century Defense against Astrological Divination and Alchemical Transmutation". Journal of the American Oriental Society. 91 (1): 96–103 [99]. doi:10.2307/600445. JSTOR 600445.
- Curtis, H. D. (1988). "Novae in Spiral Nebulae and the Island Universe Theory". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 100: 6. Bibcode:1988PASP..100....6C. doi:10.1086/132128.
- Öpik, E. (1922). "An estimate of the distance of the Andromeda Nebula". Astrophysical Journal. 55: 406. Bibcode:1922ApJ....55..406O. doi:10.1086/142680.
- Hubble, E. P. (1929). "A spiral nebula as a stellar system, Messier 31". Astrophysical Journal. 69: 103–158. Bibcode:1929ApJ....69..103H. doi:10.1086/143167.
- López-Corredoira, M. (2001). "Searching for the in-plane Galactic bar and ring in DENIS". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 373 (1): 139–152. arXiv:astro-ph/0104307 . Bibcode:2001A&A...373..139L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20010560.
- Rubin, V. C. (1983). "Dark matter in spiral galaxies". Scientific American. 248 (6): 96–106. Bibcode:1983SciAm.248...96R. doi:10.1038/scientificamerican0683-96.
- Rubin, V. C. (2000). "One Hundred Years of Rotating Galaxies". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 112 (772): 747–750. Bibcode:2000PASP..112..747R. doi:10.1086/316573.
- Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.; Juraszek, S. (2000). "Mapping the hidden Universe: The galaxy distribution in the Zone of Avoidance". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 17 (1): 6–12. arXiv:astro-ph/9910572 . Bibcode:1999astro.ph.10572K. doi:10.1071/AS00006.
- Eskridge, P. B.; Frogel, J. A. (1999). "What is the True Fraction of Barred Spiral Galaxies?". Astrophysics and Space Science. 269/270: 427–430. Bibcode:1999Ap&SS.269..427E. doi:10.1023/A:1017025820201.
- Bournaud, F.; Combes, F. (2002). "Gas accretion on spiral galaxies: Bar formation and renewal". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 392 (1): 83–102. arXiv:astro-ph/0206273 . Bibcode:2002A&A...392...83B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20020920.
- Knapen, J. H.; Pérez-Ramírez, D.; Laine, S. (2002). "Circumnuclear regions in barred spiral galaxies — II. Relations to host galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 337 (3): 808–828. arXiv:astro-ph/0207258 . Bibcode:2002MNRAS.337..808K. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2002.05840.x.
- Alard, C. (2001). "Another bar in the Bulge". Astronomy and Astrophysics Letters. 379 (2): L44–L47. arXiv:astro-ph/0110491 . Bibcode:2001A&A...379L..44A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20011487.
- Phillipps, S.; Drinkwater, M. J.; Gregg, M. D.; Jones, J. B. (2001). "Ultracompact Dwarf Galaxies in the Fornax Cluster". Astrophysical Journal. 560 (1): 201–206. arXiv:astro-ph/0106377 . Bibcode:2001ApJ...560..201P. doi:10.1086/322517.
- Ho, L. C.; Filippenko, A. V.; Sargent, W. L. W. (1997). "A Search for "Dwarf" Seyfert Nuclei. V. Demographics of Nuclear Activity in Nearby Galaxies". Astrophysical Journal. 487 (2): 568–578. arXiv:astro-ph/9704108 . Bibcode:1997ApJ...487..568H. doi:10.1086/304638.
- McMahon, R. (2006). "Journey to the birth of the Universe". Nature. 443 (7108): 151–2. Bibcode:2006Natur.443..151M. doi:10.1038/443151a. PMID 16971933.
- Eggen, O. J.; Lynden-Bell, D.; Sandage, A. R. (1962). "Evidence from the motions of old stars that the Galaxy collapsed". Reports on Progress in Physics. 136: 748. Bibcode:1962ApJ...136..748E. doi:10.1086/147433.
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worldcat.org

Mohamed 2000, hlm. 49–50 Mohamed, M. (2000). Great Muslim Mathematicians. Penerbit UTM. ISBN 983-52-0157-9. OCLC 48759017.
Knapp, G. R. (1999). Star Formation in Early Type Galaxies. Astronomical Society of the Pacific. Bibcode:1998astro.ph..8266K. ISBN 1-886733-84-8. OCLC 41302839.

Galaksi (Indonesian Wikipedia)

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