Sawyer, Roy T. "Leech biology and behaviour"(PDF). biopharm-leeches.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli(PDF) tanggal 10 September 2011.Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)
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Fogden, S.; Proctor, J. (1985). "Notes on the Feeding of Land Leeches (Haemadipsa zeylanica Moore and H. picta Moore) in Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak". Biotropica. 17 (2): 172–174. doi:10.2307/2388511. JSTOR2388511.
Sawyer, R.T. (1970). "Observations on the Natural History and Behavior of Erpobdella punctata (Leidy) (Annelida: Hirudinea)". The American Midland Naturalist. 83 (1): 65–80. doi:10.2307/2424006. JSTOR2424006.
Gelder, Stuart R.; Gagnon, Nicole L.; Nelson, Kerri (2002). "Taxonomic Considerations and Distribution of the Branchiobdellida (Annelida: Clitellata) on the North American Continent". Northeastern Naturalist. 9 (4): 451–468. doi:10.1656/1092-6194(2002)009[0451:TCADOT]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR3858556.
Dziekońska-Rynko, Janina; Bielecki, Aleksander; Palińska, Katarzyna (2009). "Activity of selected hydrolytic enzymes from leeches (Clitellata: Hirudinida) with different feeding strategies". Biologia. 64 (2). doi:10.2478/s11756-009-0048-0.
Meir, Rigbi; Levy, Haim; Eldor, Amiram; Iraqi, Fuad; Teitelbaum, Mira; Orevi, Miriam; Horovitz, Amnon; Galun, Rachel (1987). "The saliva of the medicinal leech Hirudo medicinalis—II. Inhibition of platelet aggregation and of leukocyte activity and examination of reputed anaesthetic effects". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C. 88 (1): 95–98. doi:10.1016/0742-8413(87)90052-1.
Mory, Robert N.; Mindell, David; Bloom, David A. (2014). "The Leech and the Physician: Biology, Etymology, and Medical Practice with Hirudinea medicinalis". World Journal of Surgery. 24 (7): 878–883. doi:10.1007/s002680010141. hdl:2027.42/42411.
Mory, Robert N.; Mindell, David; Bloom, David A. (2014). "The Leech and the Physician: Biology, Etymology, and Medical Practice with Hirudinea medicinalis". World Journal of Surgery. 24 (7): 878–883. doi:10.1007/s002680010141. hdl:2027.42/42411.
Govedich, Fredric R.; Bain, Bonnie A. (14 Maret 2005). "All about leeches"(PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli(PDF) tanggal 2010-08-21. Diakses tanggal 19 Januari 2010.
jstor.org
Fogden, S.; Proctor, J. (1985). "Notes on the Feeding of Land Leeches (Haemadipsa zeylanica Moore and H. picta Moore) in Gunung Mulu National Park, Sarawak". Biotropica. 17 (2): 172–174. doi:10.2307/2388511. JSTOR2388511.
Sawyer, R.T. (1970). "Observations on the Natural History and Behavior of Erpobdella punctata (Leidy) (Annelida: Hirudinea)". The American Midland Naturalist. 83 (1): 65–80. doi:10.2307/2424006. JSTOR2424006.
Gelder, Stuart R.; Gagnon, Nicole L.; Nelson, Kerri (2002). "Taxonomic Considerations and Distribution of the Branchiobdellida (Annelida: Clitellata) on the North American Continent". Northeastern Naturalist. 9 (4): 451–468. doi:10.1656/1092-6194(2002)009[0451:TCADOT]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR3858556.
Michalsen, A.; Moebus, S.; Spahn, G.; Esch, T.; Langhorst, J.; Dobos, G.J. (2002). "Leech therapy for symptomatic treatment of knee osteoarthritis: Results and implications of a pilot study". Alternative Therapies in Health and Medicine. 8 (5): 84–88. PMID12233807.
Govedich, Fredric R.; Bain, Bonnie A. (14 Maret 2005). "All about leeches"(PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli(PDF) tanggal 2010-08-21. Diakses tanggal 19 Januari 2010.
Sawyer, Roy T. "Leech biology and behaviour"(PDF). biopharm-leeches.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli(PDF) tanggal 10 September 2011.Parameter |url-status= yang tidak diketahui akan diabaikan (bantuan)