Osmium (Indonesian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Osmium" in Indonesian language version.

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Mager Stellman, J. (1998). "Osmium". Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety. International Labour Organization. hlm. 63.34. ISBN 978-92-2-109816-4. OCLC 35279504.
Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (edisi ke-2). Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann. hlm. 1113–1143, 1294. ISBN 978-0-7506-3365-9. OCLC 213025882.
Sykes, A. G. (1992). Advances in Inorganic Chemistry. Academic Press. hlm. 221. ISBN 978-0-12-023637-4.
Emsley, J. (2003). "Osmium". Nature's Building Blocks: An A-Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. hlm. 199–201. ISBN 978-0-19-850340-8.
Thomson, T. (1831). A System of Chemistry of Inorganic Bodies. Baldwin & Cradock, London; and William Blackwood, Edinburgh. hlm. 693.
Weeks, M. E. (1968). Discovery of the Elements (edisi ke-7). Journal of Chemical Education. hlm. 414–418. ISBN 978-0-8486-8579-9. OCLC 23991202.
Chadwick, D. (2002). Role of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in smooth muscle. John Wiley and Sons. hlm. 259–264. ISBN 978-0-470-84479-3.

archives-ouvertes.fr

hal.archives-ouvertes.fr

Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001

books.google.com

Mager Stellman, J. (1998). "Osmium". Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety. International Labour Organization. hlm. 63.34. ISBN 978-92-2-109816-4. OCLC 35279504.
Subcommittee on Platinum-Group Metals, Committee on Medical and Biologic Effects of Environmental Pollutants, Division of Medical Sciences, Assembly of Life Sciences, National Research Council (1977). Platinum-group metals. National Academy of Sciences. hlm. 55. ISBN 978-0-309-02640-6.
Bozzola, John J.; Russell, Lonnie D. (1999). "Specimen Preparation for Transmission Electron Microscopy". Electron microscopy : principles and techniques for biologists. Sudbury, Mass.: Jones and Bartlett. hlm. 21–31. ISBN 978-0-7637-0192-5.
Smil, Vaclav (2004). Enriching the Earth: Fritz Haber, Carl Bosch, and the Transformation of World Food Production. MIT Press. hlm. 80–86. ISBN 978-0-262-69313-4.
Cramer, Stephen D.; Covino, Bernard S. Jr. (2005). ASM Handbook Volume 13B. Corrosion: Materials. ASM International. ISBN 978-0-87170-707-9.

chemnetbase.com

hbcp.chemnetbase.com

"Osmium(VIII) oxide". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics, 103rd Edition (Internet Version 2022). CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group. Diakses tanggal 15 Juli 2023.

doi.org

Peters, Stefan T.M.; Münker, Carsten; Becker, Harry; Schulz, Toni (April 2014). "Alpha-decay of 184Os revealed by radiogenic 180W in meteorites: Half life determination and viability as geochronometer". Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 391: 69–76. doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.01.030.
Weinberger, Michelle; Tolbert, Sarah; Kavner, Abby (2008). "Osmium Metal Studied under High Pressure and Nonhydrostatic Stress". Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (4): 045506. Bibcode:2008PhRvL.100d5506W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.045506. PMID 18352299.
Cynn, Hyunchae; Klepeis, J. E.; Yeo, C. S.; Young, D. A. (2002). "Osmium has the Lowest Experimentally Determined Compressibility". Physical Review Letters. 88 (13): 135701. Bibcode:2002PhRvL..88m5701C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.135701. PMID 11955108.
Sahu, B. R.; Kleinman, L. (2005). "Osmium Is Not Harder Than Diamond". Physical Review B. 72 (11): 113106. Bibcode:2005PhRvB..72k3106S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.72.113106.
Fe(−4), Ru(−4), dan Os(−4) telah teramati dalam senyawa kaya logam yang mengandung kompleks oktahedron [MIn_6−xSn_x]; Pt(−3) (sebagai anion dimerik [Pt–Pt]⁶⁻), Cu(−2), Zn(−2), Ag(−2), Cd(−2), Au(−2), dan Hg(−2) telah teramati (sebagai anion dimerik dan monomerik; ion dimerik awalnya dilaporkan sebagai [T–T]²⁻ untuk Zn, Cd, Hg, tetapi kemudian terbukti sebagai [T–T]⁴⁻ untuk semua unsur-unsur ini) dalam La₂Pt₂In, La₂Cu₂In, Ca₅Au₃, Ca₅Ag₃, Ca₅Hg₃, Sr₅Cd₃, Ca₅Zn₃(struktur (AE²⁺)₅(T–T)⁴⁻T²⁻⋅4e⁻), Yb₃Ag₂, Ca₅Au₄, dan Ca₃Hg₂; Au(–3) telah teramati dalam ScAuSn dan dalam senyawa setengah-Heusler 18-elektron lainnya. Lihat Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo (2008). "Late transition metal anions acting as p-metal elements". Solid State Sciences. 10 (4): 444–449. Bibcode:2008SSSci..10..444K. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2007.12.001. dan Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo; Jürgen Köhler (2010). "Analysis of Electronic Structures and Chemical Bonding of Metal-rich Compounds. 2. Presence of Dimer (T–T)^4– and Isolated T^2– Anions in the Polar Intermetallic Cr₅B₃-Type Compounds AE₅T₃ (AE = Ca, Sr; T = Au, Ag, Hg, Cd, Zn)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 636 (1): 36–40. doi:10.1002/zaac.200900421.
Selig, H.; Claassen, H. H.; Chernick, C. L.; Malm, J. G.; et al. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Preparation + Some Properties". Science. 143 (3612): 1322–1323. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1322S. doi:10.1126/science.143.3612.1322. JSTOR 1713238. PMID 17799234.
Huston, J. L.; Studier, M. H.; Sloth, E. N. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Mass Spectrum". Science. 143 (3611): 1162–1163. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1161H. doi:10.1126/science.143.3611.1161-a. JSTOR 1712675. PMID 17833897.
Barnard, C. F. J. (2004). "Oxidation States of Ruthenium and Osmium". Platinum Metals Review. 48 (4): 157. doi:10.1595/147106704X10801 .
Gong, Yu; Zhou, Mingfei; Kaupp, Martin; Riedel, Sebastian (2009). "Formation and Characterization of the Iridium Tetroxide Molecule with Iridium in the Oxidation State +VIII". Angewandte Chemie International Edition. 48 (42): 7879–7883. doi:10.1002/anie.200902733. PMID 19593837. ^{[pranala nonaktif]}
Kiselev, Yu. M.; Nikonov, M. V.; Dolzhenko, V. D.; Ermilov, A. Yu.; Tananaev, I. G.; Myasoedov, B. F. (17 Januari 2014). "On existence and properties of plutonium(VIII) derivatives". Radiochimica Acta. 102 (3): 227–237. doi:10.1515/ract-2014-2146.
Zaitsevskii, Andréi; Mosyagin, Nikolai S.; Titov, Anatoly V.; Kiselev, Yuri M. (21 Juli 2013). "Relativistic density functional theory modeling of plutonium and americium higher oxide molecules". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 139 (3): 034307. Bibcode:2013JChPh.139c4307Z. doi:10.1063/1.4813284. PMID 23883027.
Krause, J.; Siriwardane, Upali; Salupo, Terese A.; Wermer, Joseph R.; et al. (1993). "Preparation of [Os₃(CO)₁₁]²⁻ and its reactions with Os₃(CO)₁₂; structures of [Et₄N] [HOs₃(CO)₁₁] and H₂OsS₄(CO)". Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. 454 (1–2): 263–271. doi:10.1016/0022-328X(93)83250-Y.
Carter, Willie J.; Kelland, John W.; Okrasinski, Stanley J.; Warner, Keith E.; et al. (1982). "Mononuclear hydrido alkyl carbonyl complexes of osmium and their polynuclear derivatives". Inorganic Chemistry. 21 (11): 3955–3960. doi:10.1021/ic00141a019.
Griffith, W. P. (1965). "Osmium and its compounds". Quarterly Reviews, Chemical Society. 19 (3): 254–273. doi:10.1039/QR9651900254.
Gulliver, D. J; Levason, W. (1982). "The chemistry of ruthenium, osmium, rhodium, iridium, palladium, and platinum in the higher oxidation states". Coordination Chemistry Reviews. 46: 1–127. doi:10.1016/0010-8545(82)85001-7.
Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Dąbek, Józef; Halas, Stanislaw (2007). "Physical Foundations of Rhenium-Osmium Method – A Review". Geochronometria. 27: 23–26. doi:10.2478/v10003-007-0011-4 .
Alvarez, L. W.; Alvarez, W.; Asaro, F.; Michel, H. V. (1980). "Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction" (PDF). Science. 208 (4448): 1095–1108. Bibcode:1980Sci...208.1095A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.126.8496 . doi:10.1126/science.208.4448.1095. PMID 17783054.
Venetskii, S. I. (1974). "Osmium". Metallurgist. 18 (2): 155–157. doi:10.1007/BF01132596.
Haubrichs, Rolf; Zaffalon, Pierre-Leonard (2017). "Osmium vs. 'Ptène': The Naming of the Densest Metal". Johnson Matthey Technology Review. 61 (3): 190. doi:10.1595/205651317x695631 .
Griffith, W. P. (2004). "Bicentenary of Four Platinum Group Metals. Part II: Osmium and iridium – events surrounding their discoveries". Platinum Metals Review. 48 (4): 182–189. doi:10.1595/147106704X4844 .
Tennant, S. (1804). "On Two Metals, Found in the Black Powder Remaining after the Solution of Platina". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 94: 411–418. doi:10.1098/rstl.1804.0018 . JSTOR 107152.
Wedepohl, Hans K (1995). "The composition of the continental crust". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 59 (7): 1217–1232. Bibcode:1995GeCoA..59.1217W. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(95)00038-2.
Xiao, Z.; Laplante, A. R. (2004). "Characterizing and recovering the platinum group minerals—a review". Minerals Engineering. 17 (9–10): 961–979. doi:10.1016/j.mineng.2004.04.001.
Seymour, R. J.; O'Farrelly, J. I. (2001). "Platinum-group metals". Kirk Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology. Wiley. doi:10.1002/0471238961.1612012019052513.a01.pub2. ISBN 978-0471238966.
Renner, H.; Schlamp, G.; Kleinwächter, I.; Drost, E.; et al. (2002). "Platinum group metals and compounds". Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley. doi:10.1002/14356007.a21_075. ISBN 978-3527306732.
Gilchrist, Raleigh (1943). "The Platinum Metals". Chemical Reviews. 32 (3): 277–372. doi:10.1021/cr60103a002.
Smith, Ivan C.; Carson, Bonnie L.; Ferguson, Thomas L. (1974). "Osmium: An Appraisal of Environmental Exposure". Environmental Health Perspectives. 8: 201–213. doi:10.2307/3428200. JSTOR 3428200. PMC 1474945 . PMID 4470919.
MacDonell, Herbert L. (1960). "The Use of Hydrogen Fluoride in the Development of Latent Fingerprints Found on Glass Surfaces". The Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science. 51 (4): 465–470. doi:10.2307/1140672. JSTOR 1140672.
Kolb, H. C.; Van Nieuwenhze, M. S.; Sharpless, K. B. (1994). "Catalytic Asymmetric Dihydroxylation". Chemical Reviews. 94 (8): 2483–2547. doi:10.1021/cr00032a009.
Bowers, B., B. (2001). "Scanning our past from London: the filament lamp and new materials". Proceedings of the IEEE. 89 (3): 413–415. doi:10.1109/5.915382.
Torr, Marsha R. (1985). "Osmium coated diffraction grating in the Space Shuttle environment: performance". Applied Optics. 24 (18): 2959. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2959T. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002959. PMID 18223987.
Gull, T. R.; Herzig, H.; Osantowski, J. F.; Toft, A. R. (1985). "Low earth orbit environmental effects on osmium and related optical thin-film coatings". Applied Optics. 24 (16): 2660. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2660G. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002660. PMID 18223936.
Sheppeard, H.; D. J. Ward (1980). "Intra-articular osmic acid in rheumatoid arthritis: five years' experience". Rheumatology. 19 (1): 25–29. doi:10.1093/rheumatology/19.1.25. PMID 7361025.
Lau, T.-C; W.-X. Ni; W.-L. Man; M. T.-W. Cheung; et al. (2011). "Osmium(vi) complexes as a new class of potential anti-cancer agents". Chem. Commun. 47 (7): 2140–2142. doi:10.1039/C0CC04515B. PMID 21203649.
Sadler, Peter; Steve D. Shnyder; Ying Fu; Abraha Habtemariam; et al. (2011). "Anti-colorectal cancer activity of an organometallic osmium arene azopyridine complex" (PDF). Med. Chem. Commun. 2 (7): 666–668. doi:10.1039/C1MD00075F.
Fu, Ying; Romero, María J.; Habtemariam, Abraha; et al. (2012). "The contrasting chemical reactivity of potent isoelectronic iminopyridine and azopyridine osmium(II) arene anticancer complexes" (PDF). Chemical Science. 3 (8): 2485–2494. doi:10.1039/C2SC20220D.
McLaughlin, A. I. G.; Milton, R.; Perry, Kenneth M. A. (1 Juli 1946). "Toxic Manifestations of Osmium Tetroxide". Occupational and Environmental Medicine. 3 (3): 183–186. doi:10.1136/oem.3.3.183. PMC 1035752 . PMID 20991177.
"Osmium 7440-04-2". Sax's Dangerous Properties of Industrial Materials (dalam bahasa Inggris). John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 15 Oktober 2012. doi:10.1002/0471701343.sdp45229. ISBN 978-0-471-70134-7. Diakses tanggal 15 Juli 2023.
Friedova, Natalie; Pelclova, Daniela; Obertova, Nikola; Lach, Karel; Kesslerova, Katerina; Kohout, Pavel (November 2020). "Osmium absorption after osmium tetroxide skin and eye exposure". Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology. 127 (5): 429–433. doi:10.1111/bcpt.13450. PMID 32524772.
Luttrell, William E.; Giles, Cory B. (1 September 2007). "Toxic tips: Osmium tetroxide". Journal of Chemical Health & Safety. 14 (5): 40–41. doi:10.1016/j.jchas.2007.07.003.
Smith, Ivan C.; Carson, Bonnie L.; Ferguson, Thomas L. (Agustus 1974). "Osmium: An Appraisal of Environmental Exposure". Environmental Health Perspectives (dalam bahasa Inggris). 8: 201–213. doi:10.1289/ehp.748201. ISSN 0091-6765. PMC 1474945 . PMID 4470919.
Greenwood, N.N.; Earnshaw, A., ed. (1997). "Iron, Ruthenium and Osmium". Chemistry of the Elements (dalam bahasa Inggris). Elsevier. hlm. 1070–1112. doi:10.1016/B978-0-7506-3365-9.50031-6. ISBN 978-0-7506-3365-9.

gsi.de

"Chemistry of Hassium" (PDF). Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung mbH. 2002. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 14 Januari 2012. Diakses tanggal 14 Juli 2023.

harvard.edu

adsabs.harvard.edu

Nemoshkalenko, V. V.; Antonov, V. N.; Kirillova, M. M.; Krasovskii, A. E.; Nomerovannaya, L. V. (January 1986). "The structure of the energy bands and optical absorption in osmium" (PDF). Sov. Phys. JETP. 63 (I): 115. Bibcode:1986JETP...63..115N. Diakses tanggal 14 Juli 2023.
Weinberger, Michelle; Tolbert, Sarah; Kavner, Abby (2008). "Osmium Metal Studied under High Pressure and Nonhydrostatic Stress". Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (4): 045506. Bibcode:2008PhRvL.100d5506W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.045506. PMID 18352299.
Cynn, Hyunchae; Klepeis, J. E.; Yeo, C. S.; Young, D. A. (2002). "Osmium has the Lowest Experimentally Determined Compressibility". Physical Review Letters. 88 (13): 135701. Bibcode:2002PhRvL..88m5701C. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.88.135701. PMID 11955108.
Sahu, B. R.; Kleinman, L. (2005). "Osmium Is Not Harder Than Diamond". Physical Review B. 72 (11): 113106. Bibcode:2005PhRvB..72k3106S. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.72.113106.
Fe(−4), Ru(−4), dan Os(−4) telah teramati dalam senyawa kaya logam yang mengandung kompleks oktahedron [MIn_6−xSn_x]; Pt(−3) (sebagai anion dimerik [Pt–Pt]⁶⁻), Cu(−2), Zn(−2), Ag(−2), Cd(−2), Au(−2), dan Hg(−2) telah teramati (sebagai anion dimerik dan monomerik; ion dimerik awalnya dilaporkan sebagai [T–T]²⁻ untuk Zn, Cd, Hg, tetapi kemudian terbukti sebagai [T–T]⁴⁻ untuk semua unsur-unsur ini) dalam La₂Pt₂In, La₂Cu₂In, Ca₅Au₃, Ca₅Ag₃, Ca₅Hg₃, Sr₅Cd₃, Ca₅Zn₃(struktur (AE²⁺)₅(T–T)⁴⁻T²⁻⋅4e⁻), Yb₃Ag₂, Ca₅Au₄, dan Ca₃Hg₂; Au(–3) telah teramati dalam ScAuSn dan dalam senyawa setengah-Heusler 18-elektron lainnya. Lihat Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo (2008). "Late transition metal anions acting as p-metal elements". Solid State Sciences. 10 (4): 444–449. Bibcode:2008SSSci..10..444K. doi:10.1016/j.solidstatesciences.2007.12.001. dan Changhoon Lee; Myung-Hwan Whangbo; Jürgen Köhler (2010). "Analysis of Electronic Structures and Chemical Bonding of Metal-rich Compounds. 2. Presence of Dimer (T–T)^4– and Isolated T^2– Anions in the Polar Intermetallic Cr₅B₃-Type Compounds AE₅T₃ (AE = Ca, Sr; T = Au, Ag, Hg, Cd, Zn)". Zeitschrift für Anorganische und Allgemeine Chemie. 636 (1): 36–40. doi:10.1002/zaac.200900421.
Selig, H.; Claassen, H. H.; Chernick, C. L.; Malm, J. G.; et al. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Preparation + Some Properties". Science. 143 (3612): 1322–1323. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1322S. doi:10.1126/science.143.3612.1322. JSTOR 1713238. PMID 17799234.
Huston, J. L.; Studier, M. H.; Sloth, E. N. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Mass Spectrum". Science. 143 (3611): 1162–1163. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1161H. doi:10.1126/science.143.3611.1161-a. JSTOR 1712675. PMID 17833897.
Zaitsevskii, Andréi; Mosyagin, Nikolai S.; Titov, Anatoly V.; Kiselev, Yuri M. (21 Juli 2013). "Relativistic density functional theory modeling of plutonium and americium higher oxide molecules". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 139 (3): 034307. Bibcode:2013JChPh.139c4307Z. doi:10.1063/1.4813284. PMID 23883027.
Audi, Georges; Bersillon, Olivier; Blachot, Jean; Wapstra, Aaldert Hendrik (2003), "The NUBASE evaluation of nuclear and decay properties", Nuclear Physics A, 729: 3–128, Bibcode:2003NuPhA.729....3A, doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2003.11.001
Alvarez, L. W.; Alvarez, W.; Asaro, F.; Michel, H. V. (1980). "Extraterrestrial cause for the Cretaceous–Tertiary extinction" (PDF). Science. 208 (4448): 1095–1108. Bibcode:1980Sci...208.1095A. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.126.8496 . doi:10.1126/science.208.4448.1095. PMID 17783054.
Wedepohl, Hans K (1995). "The composition of the continental crust". Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta. 59 (7): 1217–1232. Bibcode:1995GeCoA..59.1217W. doi:10.1016/0016-7037(95)00038-2.
Torr, Marsha R. (1985). "Osmium coated diffraction grating in the Space Shuttle environment: performance". Applied Optics. 24 (18): 2959. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2959T. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002959. PMID 18223987.
Gull, T. R.; Herzig, H.; Osantowski, J. F.; Toft, A. R. (1985). "Low earth orbit environmental effects on osmium and related optical thin-film coatings". Applied Optics. 24 (16): 2660. Bibcode:1985ApOpt..24.2660G. doi:10.1364/AO.24.002660. PMID 18223936.
Linton, Roger C.; Kamenetzky, Rachel R.; Reynolds, John M.; Burris, Charles L. (1992). "LDEF experiment A0034: Atomic oxygen stimulated outgassing". NASA. Langley Research Center: 763. Bibcode:1992ldef.symp..763L.

iloencyclopaedia.org

Gadaskina, I. D. "Osmium". ILO Encyclopaedia of Occupational Health and Safety (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 15 Juli 2023.

jetp.ras.ru

Nemoshkalenko, V. V.; Antonov, V. N.; Kirillova, M. M.; Krasovskii, A. E.; Nomerovannaya, L. V. (January 1986). "The structure of the energy bands and optical absorption in osmium" (PDF). Sov. Phys. JETP. 63 (I): 115. Bibcode:1986JETP...63..115N. Diakses tanggal 14 Juli 2023.

jstor.org

Selig, H.; Claassen, H. H.; Chernick, C. L.; Malm, J. G.; et al. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Preparation + Some Properties". Science. 143 (3612): 1322–1323. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1322S. doi:10.1126/science.143.3612.1322. JSTOR 1713238. PMID 17799234.
Huston, J. L.; Studier, M. H.; Sloth, E. N. (1964). "Xenon tetroxide – Mass Spectrum". Science. 143 (3611): 1162–1163. Bibcode:1964Sci...143.1161H. doi:10.1126/science.143.3611.1161-a. JSTOR 1712675. PMID 17833897.
Tennant, S. (1804). "On Two Metals, Found in the Black Powder Remaining after the Solution of Platina". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 94: 411–418. doi:10.1098/rstl.1804.0018 . JSTOR 107152.
Smith, Ivan C.; Carson, Bonnie L.; Ferguson, Thomas L. (1974). "Osmium: An Appraisal of Environmental Exposure". Environmental Health Perspectives. 8: 201–213. doi:10.2307/3428200. JSTOR 3428200. PMC 1474945 . PMID 4470919.
MacDonell, Herbert L. (1960). "The Use of Hydrogen Fluoride in the Development of Latent Fingerprints Found on Glass Surfaces". The Journal of Criminal Law, Criminology, and Police Science. 51 (4): 465–470. doi:10.2307/1140672. JSTOR 1140672.

kemdikbud.go.id

kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id

(Indonesia) "Osmium". KBBI Daring. Diakses tanggal 17 Juli 2022.

lumenlearning.com

courses.lumenlearning.com

"Reading: Abundance of Elements in Earth's Crust | Geology". courses.lumenlearning.com. Diakses tanggal 14 Juli 2023.

matthey.com

technology.matthey.com

Haubrichs, Rolf; Zaffalon, Pierre-Leonard (2017). "Osmium vs. 'Ptène': The Naming of the Densest Metal". Johnson Matthey Technology Review. 61 (3): 190. doi:10.1595/205651317x695631 .

mmta.co.uk

"Osmium". Minor Metals Trade Association. 2016.

nasa.gov

ntrs.nasa.gov

Linton, Roger C.; Kamenetzky, Rachel R. (1992). "Second LDEF post-retrieval symposium interim results of experiment A0034" (PDF). NASA. Diakses tanggal 15 Juli 2023.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Weinberger, Michelle; Tolbert, Sarah; Kavner, Abby (2008). "Osmium Metal Studied under High Pressure and Nonhydrostatic Stress". Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 (4): 045506. Bibcode:2008PhRvL.100d5506W. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.045506. PMID 18352299.
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zenodo.org

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