"Practicing Piety in Medieval Ashkenaz: Men, Women, and Everyday Religious Observance on JSTOR". JSTORj.ctt9qh4ds.5.Tidak memiliki atau membutuhkan |url= (bantuan)
Fairbairn, Andrew Martin. "The Temptation Of Christ", Studies in the life of Christ 1876 V. "How is the Temptation of Christ to be understood? ... was its reality actual, a veritable face-to-face, with personalities no less real that they represented universal interests, and, by their conflict, determined universal issues?"
Cadbury, HenryJesus: what manner of man 1947 "... the temptation narrative is often selected as autobiographical."
Gundry, Robert H.Matthew: a Commentary on his Literary and Theological Art. Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, 1982.
Shlomo Pines – "The Jewish Christians of the Early Centuries of Christianity According to a New Source" – Proceedings of the Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Vol. II, No. 13 1966 – Footnote 196 If the last solution were allowed, it would perhaps mean that, as far as this word is concerned, the quotation from the Gospel given in our text was translated from an Aramaic (i.e., most probably but not certainly a Syriac) rendering of the Gospel, which was not translated from the Greek." ...The Peshitta, which seems mindful of the etymology of the Greek Term, renders this by the word kenpa whose first meaning is wing. However, an older Syriac translation (The Four Gospels in Syriac Transcribed from the Sinaitic Palimpsest [penyunting: R.L. Bensley, J. Rendel Harris & F.C. Burkitt], Cambridge 1894) has — while using in Matthew iv: 5 (p. 7) the same word as the Peshitta — in Luke iv:9 (p. 145) the translation qarna, a word whose first meaning is horn, but which also means ‘angle’. There is accordingly a possibility of a second solution, namely, that the Arabic q.r.ya should be read (the emendation would be a very slight one), qurna, which signifies ‘projecting angle’."
