Pengepungan Baghdad (1258) (Indonesian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Pengepungan Baghdad (1258)" in Indonesian language version.

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34jstor.org

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Boyle 1968, hlm. 200–202; Atwood 2004, hlm. 1. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 81–82; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2; Boyle 1968, hlm. 334–335. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 82–83; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 83–85; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 125; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Morgan 1986, hlm. 130; Biran 2012, hlm. 78–79. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
May 2018, hlm. 144–145; Atwood 2004, hlm. 363. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Lane 2003, hlm. 18–19; Hodous 2020, hlm. 30; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Jackson 2017, hlm. 126–127. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 342; May 2018, hlm. 163; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Lane 2003, hlm. 24–25; Jackson 2017, hlm. 127; Boyle 1968, hlm. 342–344. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Lane 2003, hlm. 25–26; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Lane 2003, hlm. 31–35; Marozzi 2014, bab 5; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 347; Atwood 2004, hlm. 28. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 347; Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144; Marozzi 2014, bab 5. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 2; Buell 2003, hlm. 51; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Buell, Paul D. (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Mongol World Empire. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4571-8. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Buell 2003, hlm. 52; Atwood 2004, hlm. 28–29; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Buell, Paul D. (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Mongol World Empire. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4571-8. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348; May 2018, hlm. 166. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348; Jackson 2017, hlm. 167; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Marozzi 2014, bab 5. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 167; Atwood 2004, hlm. 226. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Marozzi 2014, bab 5; Biran 2012, hlm. 79. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
Morgan 1986, hlm. 133; Buell 2003, hlm. 117; Atwood 2004, hlm. 344; Chambers 1979, hlm. 146. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Buell, Paul D. (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Mongol World Empire. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4571-8. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348–349; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Atwood 2004, hlm. 226; Hodous 2020, hlm. 35. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128–129; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Morgan 1986, hlm. 133. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6.
Biran 2012, hlm. 79; Jackson 2017, hlm. 129. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 349; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Biran 2012, hlm. 99; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2; Lane 2022, hlm. 283. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Lane, George (2022). "The Ilkhanate". Dalam May, Timothy; Hope, Michael. The Mongol World. Abingdon: Routledge. hlm. 279–297. ISBN 978-1-3151-6517-2.

archive.org

Jackson 2017, hlm. 125; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Morgan 1986, hlm. 130; Biran 2012, hlm. 78–79. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
May 2018, hlm. 159; Jackson 2017, hlm. 125; Boyle 1968, hlm. 340; Lane 2003, hlm. 23. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9.
Chambers 1979, hlm. 142–143. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
May 2007, hlm. 27. May, Timothy (2007). The Mongol Art of War: Chinggis Khan and the Mongol Military System. Yardley: Westholme. ISBN 978-1-5941-6046-2.
Lane 2003, hlm. 18–19; Hodous 2020, hlm. 30; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Jackson 2017, hlm. 126–127. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Lane 2003, hlm. 24–25; Jackson 2017, hlm. 127; Boyle 1968, hlm. 342–344. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Lane 2003, hlm. 25–26; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Lane 2003, hlm. 30. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9.
Lane 2003, hlm. 31–35; Marozzi 2014, bab 5; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Chambers 1979, hlm. 143; Boyle 1968, hlm. 345–346; Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan 2011, hlm. 129. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan, D. (2011). The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-0041-8635-4. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-01-16. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Lane 2003, hlm. 30; Boyle 1968, hlm. 346. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Marozzi 2014, bab 5; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144; Lane 2003, hlm. 30–31. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 347; Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 347–348; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144–145. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
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Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144; Marozzi 2014, bab 5. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1.
Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Marozzi 2014, bab 5. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1.
Lane 2003, hlm. 32; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
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Morgan 1986, hlm. 133; Buell 2003, hlm. 117; Atwood 2004, hlm. 344; Chambers 1979, hlm. 146. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Buell, Paul D. (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Mongol World Empire. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4571-8. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348–349; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Atwood 2004, hlm. 226; Hodous 2020, hlm. 35. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 129; Morgan 1986, hlm. 133; Boyle 1968, hlm. 248; May 2018, hlm. 166. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128–129; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Morgan 1986, hlm. 133. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6.
Lane 2003, hlm. 34–35; Boyle 1968, hlm. 349; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
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Biran 2019, hlm. 465; Al-Khalili 2012, bab 12: Decline and Renaissance. Biran, Michal (2019). "Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 62 (2–3): 464–502. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341485. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15. Al-Khalili, Jim (2012). The House of Wisdom: How Arabic Science Saved Ancient Knowledge and Gave Us the Renaissance. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-1431-2056-8.

books.google.com

Boyle 1968, hlm. 200–202; Atwood 2004, hlm. 1. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 81–82; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2; Boyle 1968, hlm. 334–335. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
May 2018, hlm. 159; Jackson 2017, hlm. 125; Boyle 1968, hlm. 340; Lane 2003, hlm. 23. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 341; Jackson 2017, hlm. 126–127. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 342; May 2018, hlm. 163; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Lane 2003, hlm. 24–25; Jackson 2017, hlm. 127; Boyle 1968, hlm. 342–344. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 344–345; Jackson 2017, hlm. 127. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Chambers 1979, hlm. 143; Boyle 1968, hlm. 345–346; Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan 2011, hlm. 129. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan, D. (2011). The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-0041-8635-4. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-01-16. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Lane 2003, hlm. 30; Boyle 1968, hlm. 346. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 129; Boyle 1968, hlm. 346. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 346–347; Jackson 2017, hlm. 128. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 347; Atwood 2004, hlm. 28. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 347; Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 347–348; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144–145. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 2; Buell 2003, hlm. 51; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Buell, Paul D. (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Mongol World Empire. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4571-8. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Buell 2003, hlm. 52; Atwood 2004, hlm. 28–29; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Buell, Paul D. (2003). Historical Dictionary of the Mongol World Empire. Lanham: The Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-4571-8. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348; May 2018, hlm. 166. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 28; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348; Jackson 2017, hlm. 167; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Marozzi 2014, bab 5. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348–349; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Atwood 2004, hlm. 226; Hodous 2020, hlm. 35. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 129; Morgan 1986, hlm. 133; Boyle 1968, hlm. 248; May 2018, hlm. 166. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3.
Lane 2003, hlm. 34–35; Boyle 1968, hlm. 349; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 349; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.

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Biran 2019, hlm. 465; Al-Khalili 2012, bab 12: Decline and Renaissance. Biran, Michal (2019). "Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 62 (2–3): 464–502. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341485. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15. Al-Khalili, Jim (2012). The House of Wisdom: How Arabic Science Saved Ancient Knowledge and Gave Us the Renaissance. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-1431-2056-8.
Biran 2019, hlm. 470–472. Biran, Michal (2019). "Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 62 (2–3): 464–502. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341485. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
Biran 2016, hlm. 150; Biran 2019, hlm. 494–495. Biran, Michal (2016). "Music in the Mongol Conquest of Baghdad: Ṣafī al-Dīn Urmawī and the Ilkhanid Circle of Musicians". Dalam De Nicola, Bruno; Melville, Charles. The Mongols' Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran. Islamic History and Civilization. 127. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-0043-1199-2. Biran, Michal (2019). "Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 62 (2–3): 464–502. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341485. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.

jstor.org

Jackson 2017, hlm. 81–82; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2; Boyle 1968, hlm. 334–335. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 82–83; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 83–85; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 125; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Morgan 1986, hlm. 130; Biran 2012, hlm. 78–79. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
May 2018, hlm. 144–145; Atwood 2004, hlm. 363. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
May 2018, hlm. 159; Jackson 2017, hlm. 125; Boyle 1968, hlm. 340; Lane 2003, hlm. 23. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9.
Smith 1975, hlm. 277–278. Smith, John Masson (1975). "Mongol Manpower and Persian Population". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 18 (3): 271–299. doi:10.2307/3632138.
Lane 2003, hlm. 18–19; Hodous 2020, hlm. 30; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Jackson 2017, hlm. 126–127. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 341; Jackson 2017, hlm. 126–127. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 342; May 2018, hlm. 163; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Lane 2003, hlm. 24–25; Jackson 2017, hlm. 127; Boyle 1968, hlm. 342–344. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 344–345; Jackson 2017, hlm. 127. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Lane 2003, hlm. 30. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9.
Chambers 1979, hlm. 143; Boyle 1968, hlm. 345–346; Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan 2011, hlm. 129. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan, D. (2011). The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-0041-8635-4. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-01-16. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Lane 2003, hlm. 30; Boyle 1968, hlm. 346. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Chambers 1979, hlm. 144. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 129; Boyle 1968, hlm. 346. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 346–347; Jackson 2017, hlm. 128. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan 2011, hlm. 129 Bai︠a︡rsaĭkhan, D. (2011). The Mongols and the Armenians (1220-1335). Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-0041-8635-4. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-01-16. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348; May 2018, hlm. 166. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128; Boyle 1968, hlm. 348. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 167; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348; Jackson 2017, hlm. 167; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Marozzi 2014, bab 5. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 167; Atwood 2004, hlm. 226. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 172; Brack, Biran & Amitai 2024. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Brack, Jonathan; Biran, Michal; Amitai, Reuven (2024). "Plague and the Mongol conquest of Baghdad (1258)? A reevaluation of the sources". Medical History: 1–19. doi:10.1017/mdh.2023.38 .
Boyle 1968, hlm. 348–349; Chambers 1979, hlm. 145; Atwood 2004, hlm. 226; Hodous 2020, hlm. 35. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Chambers, James (1979). The Devil's Horsemen: The Mongol Invasion of Europe. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 978-0-6891-0942-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 129; Morgan 1986, hlm. 133; Boyle 1968, hlm. 248; May 2018, hlm. 166. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 128–129; Atwood 2004, hlm. 29; Morgan 1986, hlm. 133. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6.
Biran 2012, hlm. 79; Jackson 2017, hlm. 129. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Morgan 1986, hlm. 133–134; Jackson 2017, hlm. 129. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 129. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Biran 2019, hlm. 465; Al-Khalili 2012, bab 12: Decline and Renaissance. Biran, Michal (2019). "Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 62 (2–3): 464–502. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341485. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15. Al-Khalili, Jim (2012). The House of Wisdom: How Arabic Science Saved Ancient Knowledge and Gave Us the Renaissance. London: Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-1431-2056-8.
Biran 2019, hlm. 470–472. Biran, Michal (2019). "Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 62 (2–3): 464–502. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341485. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
Biran 2016, hlm. 150; Biran 2019, hlm. 494–495. Biran, Michal (2016). "Music in the Mongol Conquest of Baghdad: Ṣafī al-Dīn Urmawī and the Ilkhanid Circle of Musicians". Dalam De Nicola, Bruno; Melville, Charles. The Mongols' Middle East: Continuity and Transformation in Ilkhanid Iran. Islamic History and Civilization. 127. Leiden: Brill. ISBN 978-9-0043-1199-2. Biran, Michal (2019). "Libraries, Books, and Transmission of Knowledge in Ilkhanid Baghdad". Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient. 62 (2–3): 464–502. doi:10.1163/15685209-12341485. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2024-08-08. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.

washington.edu

faculty.washington.edu

Marozzi 2014, bab 4; Modelski 2007. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1. Modelski, George (29 September 2007). "Central Asian world cities? (XI – XIII century) A discussion paper". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 30 April 2011.

web.archive.org

Marozzi 2014, bab 4; Modelski 2007. Marozzi, Justin (2014). Baghdad: City of Peace, City of Blood. London: Penguin UK. ISBN 978-0-1419-4804-1. Modelski, George (29 September 2007). "Central Asian world cities? (XI – XIII century) A discussion paper". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 30 April 2011.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 200–202; Atwood 2004, hlm. 1. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 81–82; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2; Boyle 1968, hlm. 334–335. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 82–83; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 83–85; Atwood 2004, hlm. 2. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Jackson 2017, hlm. 125; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Morgan 1986, hlm. 130; Biran 2012, hlm. 78–79. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Morgan, David (1986). The Mongols. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-0-6311-7563-6. Biran, Michal (2012). Genghis Khan. Makers of the Muslim World. London: Oneworld Publications. ISBN 978-1-7807-4204-5. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-06-11. Diakses tanggal 2024-08-15.
May 2018, hlm. 144–145; Atwood 2004, hlm. 363. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Lane 2003, hlm. 18–19; Hodous 2020, hlm. 30; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Jackson 2017, hlm. 126–127. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Hodous, Florence (2020). "Guo Kan: Military Exchanges between China and the Middle East". Dalam Biran, Michal; Brack, Jonathan; Fiaschetti, Francesca. Along the Silk Roads in Mongol Eurasia: Generals, Merchants, and Intellectuals (edisi ke-1st). Oakland: University of California Press. hlm. 27–43. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7.
Boyle 1968, hlm. 342; May 2018, hlm. 163; Atwood 2004, hlm. 255. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X. May, Timothy (2018). The Mongol Empire. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-7486-4237-3. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022.
Atwood 2004, hlm. 255; Lane 2003, hlm. 24–25; Jackson 2017, hlm. 127; Boyle 1968, hlm. 342–344. Atwood, Christopher P. (2004). Encyclopedia of Mongolia and the Mongol Empire. New York: Facts on File. ISBN 978-0-8160-4671-3. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-19. Diakses tanggal 2 Maret 2022. Lane, George (2003). Early Mongol Rule in Thirteenth-Century Iran: A Persian Renaissance. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-4152-9750-9. Jackson, Peter (2017). The Mongols and the Islamic World: From Conquest to Conversion. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-3001-2533-7. Boyle, John Andrew (1968). "Dynastic and Political History of the Il-khans". Dalam Boyle, John Andrew. The Cambridge History of Iran, Volume 5: The Saljuq and Mongol Periods. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 303–421. ISBN 0-521-06936-X.
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