Republik Demokratik Afganistan (Indonesian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Republik Demokratik Afganistan" in Indonesian language version.

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"Economy". Afghanistan.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-02-05. Diakses tanggal 1 February 2012.

amnesty.org

"WOMEN IN AFGHANISTAN: Pawns in men's power struggles". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-01-21. Diakses tanggal 2017-05-07.

archive.org

Tomsen 2011, hlm. 110–111. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Hussain 2005, hlm. 95. Hussain, Rizwan (2005). Pakistan and the Emergence of Islamic militancy in Afghanistan. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-4434-7.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 70. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 70–71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 72–73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Brown 2009, hlm. 356. Brown, Archie (2009). The Rise & Fall of Communism. London: Bodley Head. ISBN 978-0-224-07879-5.
Male 1982, hlm. 192. Male, Beverley (1982). Revolutionary Afghanistan: A Reappraisal. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-1716-8.
Tomsen 2011, hlm. 160. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Tomsen 2011, hlm. 160–161. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, hlm. 47. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, hlm. 48. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 86. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 66. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 105. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 94. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 107–108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Otto 2010, hlm. 289. Otto, Jan Michiel (2010). Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-90-8728-057-4.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 65. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 170. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 62. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 99–100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Raciopi 1994, hlm. 161. Raciopi, Linda (1994). Soviet policy towards South Asia since 1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-41457-9.
Raciopi 1994, hlm. 161–162. Raciopi, Linda (1994). Soviet policy towards South Asia since 1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-41457-9.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 38. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 111. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 85. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 112. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 86. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 39–40. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, hlm. 71. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Adamec 2011, hlm. 528. Adamec, Ludwig (2011). Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7815-0.
Edwards 2002, hlm. 30. Edwards, David (2002). Before Taliban: Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22861-0.
Tomsen 2011, hlm. 133. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Male 1982, hlm. 212. Male, Beverley (1982). Revolutionary Afghanistan: A Reappraisal. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-1716-8.
Edwards 2002, hlm. 91. Edwards, David (2002). Before Taliban: Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22861-0.
Ende 2010, hlm. 268. Ende, Werner; Steinbach, Udo (2010). Islam in the World Today: a Handbook of Politics, Religion, Culture, and Society. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-4571-2.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 83. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Bonosky 2001, hlm. 261. Bonosky, Phillip (2001). Afghanistan–Washington's Secret War. International Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7178-0732-1.

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

Kabul's prison of death BBC, February 27, 2006

books.google.com

Tomsen 2011, hlm. 110–111. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Hussain 2005, hlm. 95. Hussain, Rizwan (2005). Pakistan and the Emergence of Islamic militancy in Afghanistan. Ashgate Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7546-4434-7.
Gladstone 2001, hlm. 117. Gladstone, Cary (2001). Afghanistan Revisited. Nova Publishers. ISBN 978-1590334218.
Brecher, Wilkenfeld 1997, hlm. 356.
Asthana 2009, hlm. 219.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 70. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 70–71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 71. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 72–73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Rasanayagam 2005, hlm. 73. Rasanayagam, Angelo (2005). Afghanistan: A Modern History. I.B.Tauris. ISBN 978-1850438571.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 315. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Male 1982, hlm. 192. Male, Beverley (1982). Revolutionary Afghanistan: A Reappraisal. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-1716-8.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 273. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Tomsen 2011, hlm. 160. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Tomsen 2011, hlm. 160–161. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Tripathi & Falk, hlm. 54.
Tripathi & Falk, hlm. 55.
Camp 2012, hlm. 12–13. Camp, Dick (2012). Boots on the Ground: The Fight to Liberate Afghanistan from Al-Qaeda and the Taliban, 2001–2002. Zenith Imprint. ISBN 978-0-7603-4111-7.
Garthoff 1994, hlm. 1009. Garthoff, Raymond (1994). Détente and Confrontation: American–Soviet relations from Nixon to Reagan. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-3041-5.
Garthoff 1994, hlm. 1017. Garthoff, Raymond (1994). Détente and Confrontation: American–Soviet relations from Nixon to Reagan. Brookings Institution Press. ISBN 978-0-8157-3041-5.
H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997, hlm. 71. Kakar, Hassan; Kakar, Mohammed (1997). Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20893-3.
H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997, hlm. 71–72. Kakar, Hassan; Kakar, Mohammed (1997). Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20893-3.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, hlm. 47. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, hlm. 48. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 86. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Kalinovsky 2011, hlm. 97. Kalinovsky, Artemy (2011). A Long Goodbye: The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan. Harvard University Press. ISBN 978-0-674-05866-8.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 151–152. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 152. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 153. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 276. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 277. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 280. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 281. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 282. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 286. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 294. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 296. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 299. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Lavigne 1992, hlm. 68. Lavigne, Marie (1992). The Soviet Union and Eastern Europe in the Global Economy (dalam bahasa Inggris). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521414173.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 66. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 301. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Braithwaite 2011, hlm. 302–303. Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
Kamali 1985, hlm. [1]. Kamali, Mohammad Hashim (1985). Law in Afghanistan: a Study of the Constitutions, Matrimonial law and the Judiciary. BRILL Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-07128-5.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 63. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Saikal & Maley 1989, hlm. 106. Saikal, Amin; Maley, William (1989). The Soviet Withdrawal from Afghanistan. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-37588-7.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 105. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 94. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 107–108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 108. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Yassari 2005, hlm. 15. Yassari, Nadjma (2005). The Sharīʻa in the Constitutions of Afghanistan, Iran, and Egypt: Implications for Private Law. Mohr Siebeck. ISBN 978-3-16-148787-3.
Otto 2010, hlm. 289. Otto, Jan Michiel (2010). Sharia Incorporated: A Comparative Overview of the Legal Systems of Twelve Muslim Countries in Past and Present. Amsterdam University Press. ISBN 978-90-8728-057-4.
Giustozzi 2000, hlm. = PA161 161. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 65. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Giustozzi 2000, hlm. 161. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 170. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 62. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 99–100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 100. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Raciopi 1994, hlm. 161. Raciopi, Linda (1994). Soviet policy towards South Asia since 1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-41457-9.
Raciopi 1994, hlm. 161–162. Raciopi, Linda (1994). Soviet policy towards South Asia since 1970. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-41457-9.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 38. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 111. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 85. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 112. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 86. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Arnold 1983, hlm. 39–40. Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
Girardet 1985, hlm. 114. Girardet, Edward (1985). Afghanistan: The Soviet War. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-3802-6.
Weiner & Banuazizi 1994, hlm. 71. Weiner, Myron; Banuazizi, Ali (1994). The Politics of Social Transformation in Afghanistan, Iran, and Pakistan. Syracuse University Press. ISBN 978-0-8156-2608-4.
Christensen 1995, hlm. 24. Christensen, Asger (1995). Aiding Afghanistan: The Background and Prospects for Reconstruction in a Fragmented Society. 25. NIAS Press. ISBN 978-87-87062-44-2.
Dorronsoro 2005, hlm. 185. Dorronsoro, Gilles (2005). Revolution Unending: Afghanistan, 1979 to the Present. C. Hurst & Co Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-703-3.
H. Kakar & M. Kakar 1997, hlm. 305–306. Kakar, Hassan; Kakar, Mohammed (1997). Afghanistan: The Soviet Invasion and the Afghan Response, 1979–1982. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-20893-3.
Giustozzi 2000, hlm. 142. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Giustozzi 2000, hlm. 142–143. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Giustozzi 2000, hlm. 143. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Giustozzi 2000, hlm. 143-144. Giustozzi, Antonio (2000). War, Politics and Society in Afghanistan, 1978–1992. C. Hurst & Co. Publishers. ISBN 978-1-85065-396-7.
Adamec 2011, hlm. 528. Adamec, Ludwig (2011). Historical Dictionary of Afghanistan. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 978-0-8108-7815-0.
Edwards 2002, hlm. 30. Edwards, David (2002). Before Taliban: Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22861-0.
Tomsen 2011, hlm. 133. Tomsen, Peter (2011). The Wars of Afghanistan: Messianic Terrorism, Tribal Conflicts, and the Failures of Great Powers. PublicAffairs. ISBN 978-1-58648-763-8.
Runion 2007, hlm. 106. Runion, Meredith (2007). The History of Afghanistan. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-313-33798-7.
Male 1982, hlm. 212. Male, Beverley (1982). Revolutionary Afghanistan: A Reappraisal. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-7099-1716-8.
Misdaq 2006, hlm. 119. Misdaq, Nabi (2006). Afghanistan: Political Frailty and External Interference. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0415702058.
Edwards 2002, hlm. 91. Edwards, David (2002). Before Taliban: Genealogies of the Afghan Jihad. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-22861-0.
Kamali 1985, hlm. 33. Kamali, Mohammad Hashim (1985). Law in Afghanistan: a Study of the Constitutions, Matrimonial law and the Judiciary. BRILL Publishers. ISBN 978-90-04-07128-5.
Achcar 2004, hlm. 103. Achcar, Gilbert (2004). Eastern Cauldron: Islam, Afghanistan and Palestine in the Mirror of Marxism. Pluto Press. ISBN 978-0-7453-2203-2.
Ende 2010, hlm. 268. Ende, Werner; Steinbach, Udo (2010). Islam in the World Today: a Handbook of Politics, Religion, Culture, and Society. Cornell University Press. ISBN 978-0-8014-4571-2.
Staff writer 2002, hlm. 83. Staff writers (2002). Regional Surveys of the World: Far East and Australasia 2003. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-85743-133-9.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 187. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 181. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 182. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
- Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. hlm. 18. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
- - Arnold, Anthony (1983). Afghanistan's Two-party Communism: Parcham and Khalq. Hoover Press. hlm. 111. ISBN 978-0-8179-7792-4.
  - Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 53. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
  - - Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. hlm. 18. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
    - - Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: The First Five Years of Soviet Occupation. DIANE Publishing. hlm. 180. ISBN 978-0788111112.
      - Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 180–181. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
      - Bonosky 2001, hlm. 261. Bonosky, Phillip (2001). Afghanistan–Washington's Secret War. International Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7178-0732-1.
      - Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 155. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
      - Reese 2002, hlm. 167. Reese, Roger (2002). The Soviet Military Experience: A History of the Soviet Army, 1917–1991. Routledge. ISBN 978-0-203-01185-0.
      - Kanet 1987, hlm. 51. Kanet, Roger (1987). The Soviet Union, Eastern Europe, and the Third World. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-34459-3.
      - Braithwaite, Rodric (2011). Afgantsy: The Russians in Afghanistan, 1979–1989. Oxford University Press. hlm. 135 & 137. ISBN 978-0-19-983265-1.
        Jefferson 2010, hlm. 245. Jefferson, Thomas (2010). Afghanistan: a Cultural and Political History. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-0-691-14568-6.
        Isby 1986, hlm. 18. Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
        Isby 1986, hlm. 19. Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 183. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 183-184. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 188. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 312. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 186. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 184. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 184-185. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.
        Isby 1986, hlm. 20. Isby, David (1986). Russia's War in Afghanistan. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-0-85045-691-2.
        Amtstutz 1994, hlm. 189. Amtstutz, J. Bruce (1994). Afghanistan: Past and Present. DIANE Publishing.

idc.ac.il

meria.idc.ac.il

Ishiyama, John (March 2005). "The Sickle and the Minaret: Communist Successor Parties in Yemen and Afghanistan after the Cold War". 19 (1). Middle East Review of International Affairs. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2005-03-21. Diakses tanggal 19 April 2011.

iit.edu

gl.iit.edu

"Country Profile: Afghanistan". Illinois Institute of Technology. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-02-24. Diakses tanggal 1 February 2012.

loc.gov

lcweb2.loc.gov

Afghanistan country profile. Library of Congress Federal Research Division (May 2006). This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the public domain.

web.archive.org

Ishiyama, John (March 2005). "The Sickle and the Minaret: Communist Successor Parties in Yemen and Afghanistan after the Cold War". 19 (1). Middle East Review of International Affairs. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2005-03-21. Diakses tanggal 19 April 2011.
"Economy". Afghanistan.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-02-05. Diakses tanggal 1 February 2012.
"Country Profile: Afghanistan". Illinois Institute of Technology. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-02-24. Diakses tanggal 1 February 2012.
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