Romawi Kuno (Indonesian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Romawi Kuno" in Indonesian language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Indonesian rank

51uchicago.edu

230^th place

175^th place

49archive.org

6^th place

2^nd place

37books.google.com

3^rd place

6^th place

18web.archive.org

1^st place

10roman-emperors.org

4,717^th place

4,957^th place

5gutenberg.org

489^th place

633^rd place

4wsu.edu

3,088^th place

2,909^th place

3britannica.com

40^th place

36^th place

3bbc.co.uk

8^th place

18^th place

3ucalgary.ca

3,395^th place

2,136^th place

2jstor.org

26^th place

53^rd place

2roman-empire.net

low place

2livius.org

2,000^th place

1,966^th place

2ancientrome.ru

3,606^th place

low place

2metmuseum.org

983^rd place

1,249^th place

2historyguide.org

low place

1doi.org

2^nd place

4^th place

1pitt.edu

1,476^th place

1,581^st place

1worldcat.org

5^th place

7^th place

1ancient.eu

7,129^th place

2,198^th place

1about.com

216^th place

153^rd place

1purdue.edu

850^th place

548^th place

1usask.ca

7,865^th place

6,867^th place

1unine.ch

low place

1ancientlibrary.com

8,199^th place

3,492^nd place

1warfarehistorynetwork.com

low place

1unrv.com

low place

1ibiblio.org

1,079^th place

919^th place

1boisestate.edu

low place

1theottomans.org

low place

1eh.net

9,448^th place

low place

1bresciamusei.com

low place

1britishmuseum.org

1,505^th place

2,409^th place

1utexas.edu

916^th place

784^th place

1du.edu

9,263^rd place

7,137^th place

1huffingtonpost.com

109^th place

357^th place

1thinkquest.org

5,173^rd place

3,066^th place

1unl.edu

1,708^th place

6,949^th place

1webcitation.org

24^th place

33^rd place

1khanacademy.org

3,659^th place

1,776^th place

1sci.fi

7,849^th place

low place

1amazon.com

105^th place

249^th place

1questia.com

1,201^st place

1,413^th place

1adriangoldsworthy.com

low place

about.com

ancienthistory.about.com

Myths and Legends- Rome, the Wolf, and Mars Diarsipkan 2007-05-29 di Wayback Machine.. Diakses 8 Maret 2007.

adriangoldsworthy.com

"Dr Adrian Goldsworthy, the historian and author". Adriangoldsworthy.com. Diakses tanggal 12 Maret 2013.

amazon.com

Baca kutipan dan pencarian teks

ancient.eu

"Byzantine Empire". Ancient History Encyclopedia. Diakses tanggal 2017-09-05.

ancientlibrary.com

Ancient Library Diarsipkan 5 June 2011 di Wayback Machine.. Diakses 9 September 2011

ancientrome.ru

AncientRome.ru. "Basis data seni rupa Zaman Kuno." Diakses 25 Agustus 2016.
AncientRome.ru. "Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus." Diakses 25 Agustus 2016.

archive.org

Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 3. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Livius, Titus (1998). The Rise of Rome, Buku 1–5. Diterjemahkan oleh Luce, T.J. Oxford: Oxford World's Classics. hlm. 8–11. ISBN 978-0-19-282296-3.
Matyszak, Philip (2003). Chronicle of the Roman Republic. London: Thames & Hudson. hlm. 19. ISBN 978-0-500-05121-4.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 129. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Matyszak, Philip (2003). Chronicle of the Roman Republic. London: Thames & Hudson. hlm. 43–44. ISBN 978-0-500-05121-4.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 41–42. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Livius, Titus (1998). "Buku II". The Rise of Rome, Buku 1–5. Diterjemahkan oleh Luce, T.J. Oxford: Oxford World's Classics. ISBN 978-0-19-282296-3.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 39. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Haywood, Richard (1971). The Ancient World. United States: David McKay Company, Inc. hlm. 350–358.
Bennett, Matthew; Dawson, Doyne; Field, Ron; Hawthornwaite, Philip; Loades, Mike (2016). The History of Warfare: The Ultimate Visual Guide to the History of Warfare from the Ancient World to the American Civil War. hlm. 61.
Haywood, Richard (1971). The Ancient World. United States: David McKay Company, Inc. hlm. 376–393.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 136–137. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 38. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Scullard, Howard Hayes (1982). From the Gracchi to Nero (edisi ke-5). Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-02527-0. Bab VI–VIII.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-Third). Wadsworth. hlm. 140. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
England Invaded. Amberley Publishing Limited. 2014. hlm. 27.
O'Connell, Robert (1989). Of Arms and Men: A History of War, Weapons, and Aggression. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 81. ISBN 978-0-19-505359-3.
Scarre, Chris (1995). The Penguin Historical Atlas of Ancient Rome. Penguin Books. ISBN 978-0-14-051329-5.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 155. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 157. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 347. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-Third). Wadsworth. hlm. 349. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 149. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Gawande, Atul (2014). Being Mortal. London: Profile Books. hlm. 32. ISBN 9781846685828.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 46. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 146. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 211. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Duiker, William; Spielvogel, Jackson (2001). World History (edisi ke-3). Wadsworth. hlm. 143. ISBN 978-0-534-57168-9.
Matyszak, Philip (2003). Chronicle of the Roman Republic. London: Thames & Hudson. hlm. 16–42. ISBN 978-0-500-05121-4.
Goldsworthy, Adrian (2003). The Complete Roman Army. London: Thames and Hudson, Ltd. hlm. 22–24, 37–38. ISBN 978-0-500-05124-5.
Goldsworthy, Adrian (2008). Caesar: Life of a Colossus. Yale University Press. hlm. 384, 410–411, 425–427. ISBN 978-0300126891. Faktor penting lain yang dibahas oleh Goldsworthy adalah ketiadaan legiuner pelaksana tugas terpisah.
Antara tahun 343 SM dan 241 SM, Angkatan bersenjata Romawi bertempur setiap tahun, kecuali pada 5 tahun tanpa aksi militer.Oakley, Stephen P. (2004). "The Early Republic". Dalam Flower, Harriet I. The Cambridge Companion to the Roman Republic. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 27. ISBN 978-0-521-00390-2.
Goldsworthy, Adrian (2008). Caesar: Life of a Colossus. Yale University Press. hlm. 391. ISBN 978-0300126891.
Mackay, Christopher S. (2004). Ancient Rome: A Military and Political History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 249–250. ISBN 978-0-521-80918-4. Mackay mencermati bahwa jumlah legiun (bukan berarti jumlah legiuner juga) bertambah menjadi 30 pada tahun 125 M, dan menjadi 33 pada zaman wangsa Severana (200–235 M).
Mackay, Christopher S. (2004). Ancient Rome: A Military and Political History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 245–252. ISBN 978-0-521-80918-4.
Mackay, Christopher S. (2004). Ancient Rome: A Military and Political History. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. hlm. 295–296. ISBN 978-0-521-80918-4. . Juga bab 23–24.
Casson, Lionel (1998). Everyday Life in Ancient Rome. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. hlm. 10–11. ISBN 978-0-8018-5992-2.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 339. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 340. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 203. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Matyszak, Philip (2003). Chronicle of the Roman Republic. London: Thames & Hudson. hlm. 24. ISBN 978-0-500-05121-4.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 350–352. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 89. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 349–350. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Adkins, Lesley; Adkins, Roy (1998). Handbook to Life in Ancient Rome. Oxford: Oxford University Press. hlm. 300. ISBN 978-0-19-512332-6.
Grant, Michael (2005). Cities of Vesuvius: Pompeii and Herculaneum. London: Phoenix Press. hlm. 130–134. ISBN 978-1-898800-45-3.
Casson, Lionel (1998). Everyday Life in Ancient Rome. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins University Press. hlm. 98–108. ISBN 978-0-8018-5992-2.
Keegan, John (1993). A History of Warfare. New York: Alfred A. Knopf. hlm. 303. ISBN 978-0-394-58801-8.
Murray, Alexander Stuart; Mitchell, John Malcolm (1911). "Aqueduct". Dalam Chisholm, Hugh. Encyclopædia Britannica. 2 (edisi ke-11). New York : Encyclopaedia Britannica. hlm. 240–244. Diakses tanggal 31 Oktober 2017.

bbc.co.uk

Julius Caesar (100–44 BC). BBC. Diakses 21 Maret 2007.
Augustus (63 SM – 14 M) dari bbc.co.uk. Diakses 12 Maret 2007.

news.bbc.co.uk

Past pandemics that ravaged Europe oleh Verity Murphy. BBC News. 7 November 2005.

boisestate.edu

history.boisestate.edu

Skip Knox, E.L. "Crisis of the Third Century (235–285)". History of Western Civilization. Boise State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 Mei 2007. Diakses tanggal 20 Maret 2007.

books.google.com

Furet, François; Ozouf, Mona, ed. (1989). A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution. Harvard University Press. hlm. 793. ISBN 978-0674177284.
Luckham, Robin; White, Gordon (1996). Democratization in the South: The Jagged Wave. Manchester University Press. hlm. 11. ISBN 978-0719049422.
Sellers, Mortimer N. (1994). American Republicanism: Roman Ideology in the United States Constitution. NYU Press. hlm. 90. ISBN 978-0814780053.
Ferrero, Guglielmo (1909). The Greatness and Decline of Rome, Jilid 2. Diterjemahkan oleh Zimmern, Sir Alfred Eckhard; Chaytor, Henry John. G.P. Putnam's Sons. hlm. 215.
Hadfield, Andrew Hadfield (2005). Shakespeare and Republicanism. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 68. ISBN 978-0521816076.
Gray, Christopher B (1999). The Philosophy of Law: An Encyclopedia, Jilid 1. Taylor & Francis. hlm. 741. ISBN 978-0815313441.
Hugh Chisholm (1911). The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. Encyclopædia Britannica Company. hlm. 652–. Diakses tanggal 31 May 2012.
Tuma, Elias H. (1965). Twenty-six Centuries of Agrarian Reform: A Comparative Analysis. University of California Press. hlm. 34.
William Harrison De Puy (1893). The Encyclopædia britannica: a dictionary of arts, sciences, and general literature; cetak ulang R.S. Peale, dilengkali peta-peta baru dan artikel-artikel asli Amerika. Werner Co. hlm. 760–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Henry George Liddell (1855). A history of Rome, to the establishment of the empire. hlm. 305–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
James Orr (1915). The International Standard Bible Encyclopaedia. Howard-Severance Company. hlm. 2598–. Diakses tanggal 31 May 2012.
Charles Phineas Sherman (1917). Roman law in the modern world. The Boston book company. hlm. 50–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Hugh Chisholm (1910). Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature and General Information. Encyclopædia Britannica Company. hlm. 912–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
John Charles Tarver (1902). Tiberius, the tyrant. A. Constable. hlm. 342–428. Diakses tanggal 31 May 2012.
Johann Jakob Herzog; John Henry Augustus Bomberger (1858). The Protestant Theological and Ecclesiastical Encyclopedia: Being a Condensed Translation of Herzog's Real Encyclopedia. Lindsay & Blakiston. hlm. 99–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
The Chautauquan. M. Bailey. 1881. hlm. 445–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Compendium (1858). A compendium of universal history. Ancient and modern, by the author of 'Two thousand questions on the Old and New Testaments'. hlm. 109–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Sir William Smith (1890). Abaeus-Dysponteus. J. Murray. hlm. 776–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Ferdinand Gregorovius (1898). The Emperor Hadrian: A Picture of the Graeco-Roman World in His Time. Macmillan. hlm. 16–. Diakses tanggal 31 May 2012.
Bray, R.S. (2004). Armies of Pestilence. Cambridge: James Clarke & Co. hlm. 26. ISBN 978-0-227-17240-7.
Kreutz, Barbara M. (1996). Before the Normans: Southern Italy in the Ninth and Tenth Centuries. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-1587-8.
Sabin, Philip; van Wees, Hans; Whitby, Michael, ed. (2007). The Cambridge History of Greek and Roman Warfare. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 231. ISBN 978-0521782746.
Heseltine, John (2005). Roads to Rome. J. Paul Getty Museum. hlm. 11. ISBN 978-0711225527.
Rawson, Beryl (1987). The Family in Ancient Rome: New Perspectives (dalam bahasa Inggris). Cornell University Press. hlm. 2 prakata. ISBN 978-0801494604.
Edward Gibbon (1787). The history of the decline and fall of the Roman Empire. dicetak untuk J.J. Tourneisen. hlm. 91–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
The Encyclopedia Americana: A Library of Universal Knowledge. Encyclopedia Americana Corporation. 1919. hlm. 644–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Annual Editions: Western Civilization. 1 (edisi ke-12). McGraw-Hill/Dushkin. 2002. hlm. 68. ... di mana belas kasihan dianggap sebagai suatu kebejatan akhlak ...
Jackson, Michael Anthony (2004). Look Back to Get Ahead: Life Lessons from History's Heroes. Arcade Publishing. hlm. 174. ISBN 9781559707275. Laga gladiator populer karena sesungguhnya bangsa Romawi yakin bahwa belas kasihan adalah suatu kebejatan dan kelemahan
Harvey, Brian K., ed. (2016). Daily Life in Ancient Rome: A Sourcebook. Hackett Publishing Company. hlm. 21–28. ISBN 9781585107964.
Langlands, Rebecca (2006). Sexual Morality in Ancient Rome. Cambridge University Press. hlm. 3–20. ISBN 9780521859431.
Mathew Dillon and Lynda Garland (2005). Ancient Rome: From the Early Republic to the Assassination of Julius Caesar. Taylor & Francis, 2005. hlm. 382. ISBN 9780415224598.
Donald Jay Grout; Claude V. Palisca (June 1988). A history of western music. Norton. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Civitello, Linda (2011-03-29). Cuisine and Culture: A History of Food and People (dalam bahasa Inggris). John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 9780470403716.
Jacob Dorsey Forrest (1906). The development of western civilization: a study in ethical, economic and political evolution. The University of Chicago Press. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
William Cunningham (1900). An Essay on Western Civilization in Its Economic Aspects: Mediaeval and modern times. University Press. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Kuno Fischer (1887). History of modern philosophy. C. Scribner's Sons. hlm. 85–. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.
Michael Burger (2008). The Shaping of Western Civilization: From Antiquity To the Enlightenment. University of Toronto Press. hlm. 203–. ISBN 978-1-55111-432-3. Diakses tanggal 31 Mei 2012.

bresciamusei.com

Baca "Masterpieces. Desiderius' Cross". Fondazione Brescia Musei. Diakses tanggal 2 Oktober 2016. . Untuk penjabaran kajian ilmiah atas Medali Brescia, baca Daniel Thomas Howells (2015). "Katalog Kaca Emas Buatan Akhir Abad Kuno di British Museum (PDF)." London: the British Museum (Arts and Humanities Research Council), hlm. 7. Diakses 2 Oktober 2016. Potret kaca emas (agaknya buatan seniman Yunani Aleksandria, ditilik dari penggunaan dialek Mesir pada kalimat dalam potret) diperkirakan berasal dari abad ke-3 M; Beckwith, John, Early Christian and Byzantine Art, Penguin History of Art (now Yale), Edisi ke-2. 1979, ISBN 0140560335, hlm. 25; Boardman, John (penyunting), The Oxford History of Classical Art, 1993, OUP, ISBN 0198143869, hlmn. 338–340; Grig, Lucy, "Portraits, Pontiffs and the Christianization of Fourth-Century Rome", Papers of the British School at Rome, Jld. 72, (2004), hlmn. 203–230, JSTOR 40311081, hlm. 207; Jás Elsner (2007). "The Changing Nature of Roman Art and the Art Historical Problem of Style," in Eva R. Hoffman (penyunting), Late Antique and Medieval Art of the Medieval World, 11–18. Oxford, Malden & Carlton: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-2071-5, hlm. 17, gambar 1.3 pada hlm. 18.

britannica.com

"ancient Rome | Facts, Maps, & History". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2017-09-05.
"ancient Rome | Facts, Maps, & History". Encyclopedia Britannica (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2017-09-05.
"Roman road system". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica, Inc. Diakses tanggal 19 Agustus 2017.

britishmuseum.org

Baca "Masterpieces. Desiderius' Cross". Fondazione Brescia Musei. Diakses tanggal 2 Oktober 2016. . Untuk penjabaran kajian ilmiah atas Medali Brescia, baca Daniel Thomas Howells (2015). "Katalog Kaca Emas Buatan Akhir Abad Kuno di British Museum (PDF)." London: the British Museum (Arts and Humanities Research Council), hlm. 7. Diakses 2 Oktober 2016. Potret kaca emas (agaknya buatan seniman Yunani Aleksandria, ditilik dari penggunaan dialek Mesir pada kalimat dalam potret) diperkirakan berasal dari abad ke-3 M; Beckwith, John, Early Christian and Byzantine Art, Penguin History of Art (now Yale), Edisi ke-2. 1979, ISBN 0140560335, hlm. 25; Boardman, John (penyunting), The Oxford History of Classical Art, 1993, OUP, ISBN 0198143869, hlmn. 338–340; Grig, Lucy, "Portraits, Pontiffs and the Christianization of Fourth-Century Rome", Papers of the British School at Rome, Jld. 72, (2004), hlmn. 203–230, JSTOR 40311081, hlm. 207; Jás Elsner (2007). "The Changing Nature of Roman Art and the Art Historical Problem of Style," in Eva R. Hoffman (penyunting), Late Antique and Medieval Art of the Medieval World, 11–18. Oxford, Malden & Carlton: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-2071-5, hlm. 17, gambar 1.3 pada hlm. 18.

doi.org

* Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 115–138. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 1170959.
- Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (Desember 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN 1076-156X. Diakses tanggal 16 September 2016.

du.edu

Calvert, J.B. (8 Agustus 1999). "The Latin Alphabet". University of Denver. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 April 2007. Diakses tanggal 1 April 2007.

eh.net

Temin, Peter (2001). "A Market Economy in the Early Roman Empire". Abstract Archives. Economy History Services. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 15, 2010.

gutenberg.org

Gibbon, Edward (1906). "Chapter I". Dalam Bury, J.B. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (dalam bahasa English). Fred de Fau and Co.
Gibbon, Edward (1906). "Bab X" (Versi daring). Dalam Bury, J.B. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (dalam bahasa English). Fred de Fau and Co.
Gibbon, Edward (1906). "Chapter XVII" (Online version). Dalam Bury, J.B. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (dalam bahasa English). Fred de Fau and Co.
Gibbon, Edward (1906). "Chapter XXVI" (Online version). Dalam Bury, J.B. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (dalam bahasa English). Fred de Fau and Co.
Gibbon, Edward (1906). "Chapter LXI" (Versi daring). Dalam Bury, J.B. The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire (dalam bahasa bahasa Inggris). Fred de Fau and Co.

historyguide.org

Kreis, Stephen. "Augustus Caesar and the Pax Romana". The History Guide. Diakses tanggal 21 Maret 2007.
Materi 13: A Brief Social History of the Roman Empire oleh Steven Kreis. 11 Oktober 2006. Diakses 2 April 2007.

huffingtonpost.com

Astore, William. "Bread and Circuses in Rome and America". Diakses tanggal 11 Agustus 2017.

ibiblio.org

[32] Machiavelli, Il Principe, XIX (dalam bahasa Italia).

jstor.org

* Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 115–138. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 1170959.
- Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (Desember 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN 1076-156X. Diakses tanggal 16 September 2016.
- Baca "Masterpieces. Desiderius' Cross". Fondazione Brescia Musei. Diakses tanggal 2 Oktober 2016. . Untuk penjabaran kajian ilmiah atas Medali Brescia, baca Daniel Thomas Howells (2015). "Katalog Kaca Emas Buatan Akhir Abad Kuno di British Museum (PDF)." London: the British Museum (Arts and Humanities Research Council), hlm. 7. Diakses 2 Oktober 2016. Potret kaca emas (agaknya buatan seniman Yunani Aleksandria, ditilik dari penggunaan dialek Mesir pada kalimat dalam potret) diperkirakan berasal dari abad ke-3 M; Beckwith, John, Early Christian and Byzantine Art, Penguin History of Art (now Yale), Edisi ke-2. 1979, ISBN 0140560335, hlm. 25; Boardman, John (penyunting), The Oxford History of Classical Art, 1993, OUP, ISBN 0198143869, hlmn. 338–340; Grig, Lucy, "Portraits, Pontiffs and the Christianization of Fourth-Century Rome", Papers of the British School at Rome, Jld. 72, (2004), hlmn. 203–230, JSTOR 40311081, hlm. 207; Jás Elsner (2007). "The Changing Nature of Roman Art and the Art Historical Problem of Style," in Eva R. Hoffman (penyunting), Late Antique and Medieval Art of the Medieval World, 11–18. Oxford, Malden & Carlton: Blackwell Publishing. ISBN 978-1-4051-2071-5, hlm. 17, gambar 1.3 pada hlm. 18.

khanacademy.org

smarthistory.khanacademy.org

"Ancient Rome". Smarthistory at Khan Academy]. Diakses tanggal 16 April 2013.

livius.org

Pyrrhus of Epirus (2) dan Pyrrhus of Epirus (3) oleh Jona Lendering. Livius.org. Diakses 21 Maret 2007.
Eques (Knight) Diarsipkan 2014-08-07 di Wayback Machine. oleh Jona Lendering. Livius.org. Diakses 24 Maret 2007.

metmuseum.org

Wangsa Iulia-Claudia (27 SM – 68 M). oleh Metropolitan Museum of Art, Bagian Seni Rupa Yunani dan Romawi. Oktober 2000. Diakses 18 Maret 2007.
Roman Painting from Timeline of Art History. Department of Greek and Roman Art, The Metropolitan Museum of Art. 2004–10. Diakses 22 April 2007.

pitt.edu

jwsr.pitt.edu

* Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 115–138. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 1170959.
- Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (Desember 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN 1076-156X. Diakses tanggal 16 September 2016.

purdue.edu

web.ics.purdue.edu

Fall of the Roman Republic, 133–27 BC. Universitas Purdue. Diakses 24 Maret 2007.

questia.com

baca edisi daring

roman-emperors.org

Augustus (31 BC – 14 AD) oleh Garrett G. Fagan. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 5 Juli 2004. Diakses 21 Maret 2007.
Nero (54–68 AD) oleh Herbert W. Benario. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 10 November 2006. Diakses 18 Maret 2007.
Diocletian (284–305 AD) oleh Ralph W. Mathisen. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 17 Maret 1997. Diakses 20 Maret 2007.
Constantine I (306–337 AD) oleh Hans A. Pohlsander. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 8 Januari 2004. Diakses 20 Maret 2007.
Honorius (395–423 AD) oleh Ralph W. Mathisen. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 2 Juni 1999. Diakses 21 Maret 2007.
"Roman Emperors – DIR Romulus Augustulus". www.roman-emperors.org.
Romulus Augustulus (475–476 AD) – Two Views oleh Ralph W. Mathisen dan Geoffrey S. Nathan. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 26 Agustus 1997. Diakses 22 Maret 2007.
Mathisen, Ralph A. (8 Februari 1998). "Roman Emperors – DIR Nepos". Diakses tanggal 23 Agustus 2018.
Basil II (AD 976–1025) oleh Catherine Holmes. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 1 April 2003. Diakses 22 Maret 2007.
Theodosius I (379–395 AD) oleh David Woods. De Imperatoribus Romanis. 2 Februari 1999. Diakses 4 April 2007.

roman-empire.net

Cavazzi, F. "The Founding of Rome". Illustrated History of the Roman Empire. Diakses tanggal 8 Maret 2007.
Titus Flavius Domitianus. Diakses 29 Oktober 2011.

sci.fi

kirjasto.sci.fi

Liukkonen, Petri. "Theodor Mommsen". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 August 2014.

theottomans.org

Mehmet II oleh Korkut Ozgen. Theottomans.org. Diakses 3 April 2007.

thinkquest.org

library.thinkquest.org

"Daily Life: Entertainment". SPQR Online. 1998. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 30 April 2007. Diakses tanggal 22 April 2007.

ucalgary.ca

people.ucalgary.ca

[41] Lactantius, De Mortibus Persecutorum, VII.
[42] Lactantius, De Mortibus Persecutorum, X–XVI.

ucalgary.ca

"The Germanic Invasions of Western Europe". University of Calgary. Agustus 1996. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 Agustus 2013. Diakses tanggal 22 Maret 2007.

uchicago.edu

penelope.uchicago.edu

Magistratus oleh George Long, M.A. pada hlmn. 723–724 A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities karya William Smith, D.C.L., LL.D. Diterbitkan oleh John Murray, London, 1875. Situs web, 8 Desember 2006. Diakses 24 Maret 2007.
[1] Plutarch, Parallel Lives, Life of Camillus, XXIX, 2.
[2] Cassius Dio, Roman History, XI, XLIII.
Bury, John Bagnell (1889). History of the Later Roman Empire. London, New York: MacMillan and Co.
Plutarch Parallel Lives, Life of Caesar, I,2
[3] Plutarkos, Riwayat Yulius Kaisar. Diakses 1 Oktober 2011
[4] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Augustus, XV.
[5] Plutarkos, Riwayat Tokoh-Tokoh Sezaman, Riwayat Markus Antonius, II, 1.
[6] Plutarkos, Riwayat Tokoh-Tokoh Sezaman, Riwayat Markus Antonius, LXXI, 3–5.
[7] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Augustus, XXVII, 3.
[8] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Augustus, XVIII, 2.
[9] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Augustus, XXI, 1.
[10] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Augustus, XXI.
[11] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Augustus, LXIII.
[12] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LVII, 12.
[13] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Caligula, LV, 3.
[14] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Claudius, XVII.
[15] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Nero, XVI.
[16] Tacitus, Annales, XXXVIII.
[17] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Vespasian, I.
[18] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Vespasian, IX.
[19] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXVI.
[20] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Titus, VII, 3.
[21] Suetonius, The Twelve Caesars, Domitian, X.
[22] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXVIII, 1.
[23] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXVIII, 6.
[24] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXVIII, 14.
[25] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXVIII, 13.
[26] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXVIII, 17–30.
[27] Historia Augusta, Life of Hadrian.
[28] Historia Augusta, Life of Antoninus Pius, V, 4.
[29] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXXVII.
[30] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXXII, 36, 4.
[31] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXXV, 13.
[33] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXXVI, 7.
[34] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXXVI, 9–12.
[35] Cassius Dio, Roman History, LXXVIII, 22–23.
[36] Historia Augusta, The Life of Caracalla, VI.
[37] Historia Augusta, The Life of Alexander Severus, LIX.
[38] Historia Augusta, The Lives of the Thirty Pretenders, III et XXX.
[39] Historia Augusta, The Life of Aurelian, XXXII.
[40] Historia Augusta, The Life of Claudius, I.
[43] Bury, J.B.: History of the Later Roman Empire, 8, §2.
[44] Bury, J.B.: History of the Later Roman Empire, 6, §4.
[45] Bury, J.B.: History of the Later Roman Empire, 6, §3.
[46] Bury, J.B.: History of the Later Roman Empire, 9.
The Population of Rome oleh Whitney J. Oates. Pertama kali dimuat dalam Classical Philology. Jld. 29, No. 2 (April 1934), hlmn. 101–116. Diakses 22 April 2007.
Circus Maximus. Encyclopedia Romana. University of Chicago. Diakses 19 April 2007.
Grout, James. "Lead Poisoning and Rome". University of Chicago. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 July 2011. Diakses tanggal 22 Juli 2011.
[47] Plutarch, Parallel Lives, Life of Marius, XI, 5–7.

fathom.lib.uchicago.edu

Family Values in Ancient Rome oleh Richard Saller. The University of Chicago Library Digital Collections: Fathom Archive. 2001. Diakses 14 April 2007.

unine.ch

www2.unine.ch

Uang-Uang Logam Kaisar Agustus Diarsipkan 25 May 2009 di Wayback Machine.; sekeping uang logam dari tahun 38 SM bertuliskan kalimat "Divi Iuli filius" (putra Dewata Iulius), kepingan lain dari tahun 31 SM bertuliskan kalimat "Divi filius" (Auguste vu par lui-même et par les autres oleh Juliette Reid Diarsipkan 19 March 2009 di Wayback Machine.).

unl.edu

digitalcommons.unl.edu

Nelson, Winter, Thomas (1979-01-01). "Roman Concrete: The Ascent, Summit, and Decline of an Art". Faculty Publications, Classics and Religious Studies Department.

unrv.com

Five Good Emperors dari UNRV History. Diakses 12 Maret 2007.

usask.ca

Uang-Uang Logam Kaisar Agustus Diarsipkan 25 May 2009 di Wayback Machine.; sekeping uang logam dari tahun 38 SM bertuliskan kalimat "Divi Iuli filius" (putra Dewata Iulius), kepingan lain dari tahun 31 SM bertuliskan kalimat "Divi filius" (Auguste vu par lui-même et par les autres oleh Juliette Reid Diarsipkan 19 March 2009 di Wayback Machine.).

utexas.edu

Latin Online: Series Introduction Diarsipkan 2015-04-29 di Wayback Machine. oleh Winfred P. Lehmann dan Jonathan Slocum. Linguistics Research Center. The University of Texas at Austin. 15 Februari 2007. Diakses 1 April 2007.

warfarehistorynetwork.com

"Gaius Suetonius Paulinus". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-07-13. Diakses tanggal 2019-06-16.

web.archive.org

Myths and Legends- Rome, the Wolf, and Mars Diarsipkan 2007-05-29 di Wayback Machine.. Diakses 8 Maret 2007.
Hooker, Richard (6 Juni 1999). "Rome: The Roman Republic". Washington State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 Mei 2011. Diakses tanggal 24 Maret 2007.
Rome: The Conquest of the Hellenistic Empires Diarsipkan 1 May 2011 di Wayback Machine. oleh Richard Hooker. Washington State University. 6 Juni 1999. Diakses 22 Maret 2007.
Eques (Knight) Diarsipkan 2014-08-07 di Wayback Machine. oleh Jona Lendering. Livius.org. Diakses 24 Maret 2007.
Uang-Uang Logam Kaisar Agustus Diarsipkan 25 May 2009 di Wayback Machine.; sekeping uang logam dari tahun 38 SM bertuliskan kalimat "Divi Iuli filius" (putra Dewata Iulius), kepingan lain dari tahun 31 SM bertuliskan kalimat "Divi filius" (Auguste vu par lui-même et par les autres oleh Juliette Reid Diarsipkan 19 March 2009 di Wayback Machine.).
Ancient Library Diarsipkan 5 June 2011 di Wayback Machine.. Diakses 9 September 2011
"Gaius Suetonius Paulinus". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2021-07-13. Diakses tanggal 2019-06-16.
Skip Knox, E.L. "Crisis of the Third Century (235–285)". History of Western Civilization. Boise State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 Mei 2007. Diakses tanggal 20 Maret 2007.
"The Germanic Invasions of Western Europe". University of Calgary. Agustus 1996. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 Agustus 2013. Diakses tanggal 22 Maret 2007.
Hooker, Richard (6 Juni 1999). "The Byzantine Empire". Washington State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 Februari 1999. Diakses tanggal 8 April 2007.
Abstract of The population of ancient Rome. oleh Glenn R. Storey. HighBeam Research. 1 Desember 1997. Diakses 22 April 2007.
Roman Education. Latin ExCET Preparation. Texas Classical Association, oleh Ginny Lindzey, September 1998. Diakses 27 Maret 2007.
Temin, Peter (2001). "A Market Economy in the Early Roman Empire". Abstract Archives. Economy History Services. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal June 15, 2010.
Latin Online: Series Introduction Diarsipkan 2015-04-29 di Wayback Machine. oleh Winfred P. Lehmann dan Jonathan Slocum. Linguistics Research Center. The University of Texas at Austin. 15 Februari 2007. Diakses 1 April 2007.
Calvert, J.B. (8 Agustus 1999). "The Latin Alphabet". University of Denver. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 April 2007. Diakses tanggal 1 April 2007.
Classical Latin Supplement. hlm. 2. Retrieved 2 April 2007.
"Daily Life: Entertainment". SPQR Online. 1998. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 30 April 2007. Diakses tanggal 22 April 2007.
Liukkonen, Petri. "Theodor Mommsen". Books and Writers (kirjasto.sci.fi). Finland: Kuusankoski Public Library. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 August 2014.

webcitation.org

Grout, James. "Lead Poisoning and Rome". University of Chicago. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 July 2011. Diakses tanggal 22 Juli 2011.

worldcat.org

* Taagepera, Rein (1979). "Size and Duration of Empires: Growth-Decline Curves, 600 B.C. to 600 A.D.". Social Science History. 3 (3/4): 115–138. doi:10.2307/1170959. JSTOR 1170959.
- Turchin, Peter; Adams, Jonathan M.; Hall, Thomas D (Desember 2006). "East-West Orientation of Historical Empires". Journal of World-systems Research. 12 (2): 222. ISSN 1076-156X. Diakses tanggal 16 September 2016.

wsu.edu

Hooker, Richard (6 Juni 1999). "Rome: The Roman Republic". Washington State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 Mei 2011. Diakses tanggal 24 Maret 2007.
Rome: The Punic Wars by Richard Hooker. Washington State University. 6 Juni 1999. Diakses 22 Maret 2007.
Rome: The Conquest of the Hellenistic Empires Diarsipkan 1 May 2011 di Wayback Machine. oleh Richard Hooker. Washington State University. 6 Juni 1999. Diakses 22 Maret 2007.
Hooker, Richard (6 Juni 1999). "The Byzantine Empire". Washington State University. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 Februari 1999. Diakses tanggal 8 April 2007.