MacGowan, Kenneth (1955). "The Story Comes to the Screen: 1896-1906". The Quarterly of Film Radio and Television. 10 (1): 64–88. doi:10.2307/1209964. ISSN1549-0068. JSTOR1209964.
Gunning, Tom (2006). "The Cinema of Attraction[s]: Early Film, Its Spectator and the Avant-Garde". Dalam Strauven, Wanda. The Cinema of Attractions Reloaded. Amsterdam University Press. hlm. 381–388. ISBN978-90-5356-945-0. JSTORj.ctt46n09s.27.
de Klerk, Nico (1999). "A Few Remaining Hours: News Films and the Interest in Technology in Amsterdam Film Shows, 1896-1910". Film History. 11 (1): 5–17. ISSN0892-2160. JSTOR3815253.
MacGowan, Kenneth (1955). "The Story Comes to the Screen: 1896-1906". The Quarterly of Film Radio and Television. 10 (1): 64–88. doi:10.2307/1209964. ISSN1549-0068. JSTOR1209964.
Strauven, Wanda (2006). "From 'Primitive Cinema' to 'Marvelous'". Dalam Strauven, Wanda. The Cinema of Attractions Reloaded. Amsterdam University Press. hlm. 105–120. ISBN978-90-5356-945-0. JSTORj.ctt46n09s.10.
Montanaro, Carlo; Gabhann, Liam Mac (2019). Silver Screen to Digital: A Brief History of Film Technology. Indiana University Press. hlm. 65. ISBN978-0-86196-746-9. JSTORj.ctvsn3pvn.
Gray, Frank (1998). "Smith the Showman: The Early Years of George Albert Smith". Film History. 10 (1): 8–20. ISSN0892-2160. JSTOR3815398.
Hunt, Kristin (7 May 2020). "The First Movie Kiss". JSTOR Daily (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 16 September 2021.
latrobe.edu.au
Willems, Gilles "Les origines de Pathé-Natan" In Une Histoire Économique du Cinéma Français (1895–1995), Regards Croisés Franco-Américains, Pierre-Jean Benghozi and Christian Delage, eds. Paris: Harmattan, Collection Champs Visuels, 1997. English translation: The origins of Pathé-NatanDiarsipkan 9 January 2008 di Wayback Machine. La Trobe University
"The World Of Science". Democrat and Chronicle. 1895-10-19. hlm. 20. Diakses tanggal 2022-06-21.
nytimes.com
Rothstein, Edward; B, S.-Ilent Films Were Never Silent When the Evil Landlord Twirled His Moustache (8 February 1981). "Silent Films Had a Musical Voice". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN0362-4331. Diakses tanggal 4 November 2021.
Willems, Gilles "Les origines de Pathé-Natan" In Une Histoire Économique du Cinéma Français (1895–1995), Regards Croisés Franco-Américains, Pierre-Jean Benghozi and Christian Delage, eds. Paris: Harmattan, Collection Champs Visuels, 1997. English translation: The origins of Pathé-NatanDiarsipkan 9 January 2008 di Wayback Machine. La Trobe University
wildfilmhistory.org
"Percy Smith". wildfilmhistory.org. Diakses tanggal 24 April 2011.
Musser, Charles (1991). Before the Nickelodeon: Edwin S. Porter and the Edison Manufacturing Company. hlm. 53–56. ISBN978-0-520-32372-8. OCLC1224278788.
Rothstein, Edward; B, S.-Ilent Films Were Never Silent When the Evil Landlord Twirled His Moustache (8 February 1981). "Silent Films Had a Musical Voice". The New York Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN0362-4331. Diakses tanggal 4 November 2021.
de Klerk, Nico (1999). "A Few Remaining Hours: News Films and the Interest in Technology in Amsterdam Film Shows, 1896-1910". Film History. 11 (1): 5–17. ISSN0892-2160. JSTOR3815253.
MacGowan, Kenneth (1955). "The Story Comes to the Screen: 1896-1906". The Quarterly of Film Radio and Television. 10 (1): 64–88. doi:10.2307/1209964. ISSN1549-0068. JSTOR1209964.