Yust, Walter, Encyclopædia Britannica: a new survey of universal knowledge, Encyclopædia Britannica, 1956, p. 119, OCLC 3467897.
«HAMDI BEY, OSMAN (1842-1910), Turkish statesman 2id art expert, son of Hilmi Pasha, one of the last of the grand viziers of the old regime, was born at Istanbul. The family was of Greek origin. Hilmi Pasha himself, as a boy of 12, was rescued from the massacre of the Greeks at Chios in 1825 and bought by Mahmud»