Armata del tesoro dei Ming (Italian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Armata del tesoro dei Ming" in Italian language version.

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Probabilmente era il principale commissario di bordo della flotta - Dreyer 2007, p. 128 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Erano incaricati dell'accoglienza degli inviati stranieri nella capitale cinese - Dreyer 2007, pag. 128 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Nel Taizong Shilu, l'ordine imperiale è datato 17 ottobre 1408. Nel Mingshi, la data è il 7 ottobre 1408. Tuttavia, l'ordine imperiale è datato al 1407 nelle iscrizioni di Zheng He e nel libro di Ma Huan. Dopo la correzione dell'anno nelle prime due opere, la data dell'ordine sarebbe stata il 23 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Taizong Shilu o il 13 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Mingshi - v. Dreyer 2007, p. 62 Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361-364 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Il Mingshi afferma che Ganbali era un piccolo paese nell'Oceano Occidentale. È stato tradizionalmente identificato come Coimbatore, ma potrebbe essere possibile anche Cambay nel Gujarat o Kanyakumari - Dreyer 2007, pp. 46 e 93–94 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
La voce nel Taizong Shilu datata 27 febbraio 1424 riporta che Zheng He fu inviato a Palembang. La voce del Xuanzong Shilu del 17 settembre 1425 riporta che Zhang Funama fu inviato a Palembang. I successivi compilatori Mingshi sembrano aver combinato questi due resoconti in un unico viaggio - Dreyer 2007, p. 96 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 99 e 167. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
(EN) Doran EB, Wangka: Austronesian Canoe Origins, Texas A&M University Press, 1981, ISBN 9780890961070.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 116–117. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 49–50. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Levathes 1996, pp. 73–74. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Levathes 1996, p. 75. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Dreyer 2007, p. 102. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 50. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Levathes 1996, p. 87. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Dreyer 2007, p. 30. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 27. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 52. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 30–31 & 49–50. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 73. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 30–32. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 69. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 77. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 44. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 69–70. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 66. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Finlay 1992, p. 227. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Dreyer 2007, p. 126. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 220. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 102 & 104. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 145–146 e 191–199. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 127. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 128. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 117–123. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 124. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 118 e 124. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 125. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 67. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 118 e 126. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 93 e 126. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Levathes 1996, p. 89. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Levathes 1996, pp. 87–88. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Dreyer 2007, p. 51. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 51–52. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 53. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Levathes 1996, p. 88. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 53–54 e 67. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 54. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 123. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 55. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 59. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 55–56. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 63. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 59 & 62. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 64. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 64–65. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 71. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 64–65 & 72. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 65. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 70–73. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 67-68. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 67-68 & 70-73. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
(EN) Rong Yang, 1. Jianan, Yang shi chong kan ben, in Yang Wenmin Gong Ji [The Collected Works of Yang Rong], 1515. ed. in Levathes 1996, p. 115 (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Dreyer 2007, p. 75. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 76. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 76–77. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 77–78. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 79–81. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 81. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 82. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 83. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 83–84. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 84. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 82–83 & 87–89. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 83 & 87–89. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 91. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 93. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 94. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 146. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 92 & 94. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 144. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 91 e 138. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 99. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 95 e 136. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 136–137. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 95 e 136–137. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 137. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 167. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 139–140. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 135 e 140–141. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 142. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 135 e 144. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 143. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 135. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 151. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 151–152. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 152. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 153. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 154. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 155. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 156. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 155–156. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 156–158. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 157. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 158–159. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 33. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 156 & 159. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 160. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 161. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 162–163. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Levathes 1996, pp. 174–175. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Dreyer 2007, p. 169. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Finlay 1992, p. 230. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 1992, p. 229. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
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Dreyer 2007, p. 176. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 168. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Finlay 1992, pp. 235–236. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Dreyer 2007, p. 61. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 79. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 60–61. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 62 & 122. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Finlay 1992, p. 231. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 35 & 168. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 35. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 40. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 62. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
(EN) Richard Von Glahn, Fountain of Fortune: Money and Monetary Policy in China, 1000–1700, University of California Press, 1996.
Dreyer 2007, p. 49. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 135 & 140–141. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 122 & 137 & 168. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 137 & 139. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Levathes 1996, pp. 88–89. (EN) Louise Levathes, When China Ruled the Seas: The Treasure Fleet of the Dragon Throne, 1405–1433, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN 978-0-19-511207-8.
Dreyer 2007, p. 29. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 31 & 79. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 343. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 148. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 150. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 51–52 & 148. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 148 & 191–199. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 6 & 219. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 6–7. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 217–218. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, p. 95. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 95 & 191–199. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 219–220. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Finlay 1992, p. 232. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 1992, p. 236. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Dreyer 2007, pp. 173–175. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Mingshi cit. in Duyvendak 1939, p. 397; Mingshi, Xuanzong Shilu (in Ming Shilu) e Mingshi Jishi Benmo cit. in Dreyer 2007, pp. 173–175 (ZH) Storia dei Ming, XVII-XVIII secolo. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170. (ZH) Storia dei Ming, XVII-XVIII secolo. (ZH) Ming Shilu, XIV-XVII secolo. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Finlay 1992, p. 226. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 1992, p. 225. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
(EN) Girolamo Sernigi, A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama, 1497–1499, traduzione di E.G. Ravenstein, Londra, Hakluyt Society, 1898 [1499], p. 131.; cit. in Finlay 1992, p. 225 (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
(EN) Juan González de Mendoza, The History of the Great and Mighty Kingdom of China and the Situation Thereof, a cura di George T. Staunton, traduzione di Robert Parke, Londra, Hakluyt Society, 1853 [1588], pp. 92–96., cit. in Finlay 1992, p. 225 (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Dreyer 2007, p. xii. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.

atlantis-press.com

(EN) Hong CZ, A Study of Spice Trade from the Quanzhou Maritime Silk Road in Song and Yuan Dynasties, in Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development, Atlantis Press, 2016, pp. 487-491, DOI:10.2991/sschd-16.2016.96, ISBN 978-94-6252-227-5. URL consultato il 27 dicembre 2020.

books.google.com

(EN) Manguin PY, Austronesian Shipping in the Indian Ocean: From Outrigger Boats to Trading Ships, in Early Exchange between Africa and the Wider Indian Ocean World, Palgrave Macmillan, 2016, pp. 51–76, ISBN 9783319338224.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Nel Taizong Shilu, l'ordine imperiale è datato 17 ottobre 1408. Nel Mingshi, la data è il 7 ottobre 1408. Tuttavia, l'ordine imperiale è datato al 1407 nelle iscrizioni di Zheng He e nel libro di Ma Huan. Dopo la correzione dell'anno nelle prime due opere, la data dell'ordine sarebbe stata il 23 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Taizong Shilu o il 13 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Mingshi - v. Dreyer 2007, p. 62 Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361-364 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Il 9 maggio 1421, un fulmine colpì il nuovo palazzo dell'imperatore a Pechino, causando la distruzione delle Sale Fengtian, Huagai e Jinshen in un incendio (Ray 1987b, pp. 161–162). Per la sua decisione di interrompere le spedizioni nell'Oceano Indiano, l'imperatore Yongle fu influenzato dall'idea che questo disastro fosse un cattivo presagio e un segno contro i viaggi (Sen 2016, p. 612). (EN) Haraprasad Ray, The Eighth Voyage of the Dragon that Never Was: An Enquiry into the Causes of Cessation of Voyages During Early Ming Dynasty, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 157–178, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300202. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
(EN) Hong CZ, A Study of Spice Trade from the Quanzhou Maritime Silk Road in Song and Yuan Dynasties, in Proceedings of the 2nd Annual International Conference on Social Science and Contemporary Humanity Development, Atlantis Press, 2016, pp. 487-491, DOI:10.2991/sschd-16.2016.96, ISBN 978-94-6252-227-5. URL consultato il 27 dicembre 2020.
Ray 1987a, pp. 65–66. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Church 2005, pp. 17–19. (EN) Sally K. Church, Zheng He: An Investigation into the Plausibility of 450-ft Treasure Ships, in Monumenta Serica, vol. 53, 2005, pp. 1–43, DOI:10.1179/mon.2005.53.1.001.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 391. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 358. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Deng & Li 2011, pp. 207-208. (EN) Hui Deng e Xin Li, The Asian Monsoons and Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Ocean, in Journal of Navigation, vol. 64, 2011, pp. 207–218, DOI:10.1017/S0373463310000469.
Deng & Li 2011, p. 207. (EN) Hui Deng e Xin Li, The Asian Monsoons and Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Ocean, in Journal of Navigation, vol. 64, 2011, pp. 207–218, DOI:10.1017/S0373463310000469.
Deng & Li 2011, pp. 212–217. (EN) Hui Deng e Xin Li, The Asian Monsoons and Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Ocean, in Journal of Navigation, vol. 64, 2011, pp. 207–218, DOI:10.1017/S0373463310000469.
Church 2004, p. 12. (EN) Sally K. Church, The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China, in The Medieval History Journal, vol. 7, 2004, pp. 1–37, DOI:10.1177/097194580400700101.
Finlay 2008, p. 337. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Finlay 1992, p. 227. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Church 2005, p. 12. (EN) Sally K. Church, Zheng He: An Investigation into the Plausibility of 450-ft Treasure Ships, in Monumenta Serica, vol. 53, 2005, pp. 1–43, DOI:10.1179/mon.2005.53.1.001.
Church 2005, p. 13. (EN) Sally K. Church, Zheng He: An Investigation into the Plausibility of 450-ft Treasure Ships, in Monumenta Serica, vol. 53, 2005, pp. 1–43, DOI:10.1179/mon.2005.53.1.001.
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Duyvendak 1939, p. 356. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 358–360. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Ray 1987a, pp. 69 e 74–75. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Sen 2016, p. 613. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 360. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 362. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 358–359. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Sen 2016, pp. 613–614. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 363 & 373. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361–362. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 373. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361 & 373. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Ray 1987a, pp. 74–75. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 375. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 375–376. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 374 & 376. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Sen 2016, pp. 614–615. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
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Fairbank 1942, p. 141. (EN) John King Fairbank, Tributary Trade and China's Relations with the West, in The Far Eastern Quarterly, vol. 1, 1942, pp. 129–149, DOI:10.2307/2049617, JSTOR 2049617.
Lee 2010, p. 96. (EN) Jangwon Lee, China's Looking Seaward: Zheng He's Voyage in the 21st Century, in International Area Studies Review, vol. 13, 2010, pp. 89–110, DOI:10.1177/223386591001300305.
Finlay 1992, p. 230. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Fairbank 1942, p. 140. (EN) John King Fairbank, Tributary Trade and China's Relations with the West, in The Far Eastern Quarterly, vol. 1, 1942, pp. 129–149, DOI:10.2307/2049617, JSTOR 2049617.
Duyvendak 1939 cit. in Fairbank 1942, p. 140 (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170. (EN) John King Fairbank, Tributary Trade and China's Relations with the West, in The Far Eastern Quarterly, vol. 1, 1942, pp. 129–149, DOI:10.2307/2049617, JSTOR 2049617.
Ray 1987b, p. 165–167. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, The Eighth Voyage of the Dragon that Never Was: An Enquiry into the Causes of Cessation of Voyages During Early Ming Dynasty, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 157–178, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300202.
Finlay 1992, p. 229. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Ray 1987b, p. 165. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, The Eighth Voyage of the Dragon that Never Was: An Enquiry into the Causes of Cessation of Voyages During Early Ming Dynasty, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 157–178, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300202.
Ray 1987b, pp. 176–178. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, The Eighth Voyage of the Dragon that Never Was: An Enquiry into the Causes of Cessation of Voyages During Early Ming Dynasty, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 157–178, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300202.
Finlay 2008, pp. 330–331. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Fairbank 1942, p. 143. (EN) John King Fairbank, Tributary Trade and China's Relations with the West, in The Far Eastern Quarterly, vol. 1, 1942, pp. 129–149, DOI:10.2307/2049617, JSTOR 2049617.
Sen 2016, p. 612. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, pp. 631–633. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, pp. 609–611 & 631–633. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, pp. 609. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, p. 615. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, pp. 620–621. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, pp. 612–615. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, p. 611. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Finlay 1992, pp. 235–236. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Ray 1987a, p. 70. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Ray 1987a, p. 68. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 398–399. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Church 2004, pp. 34–35. (EN) Sally K. Church, The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China, in The Medieval History Journal, vol. 7, 2004, pp. 1–37, DOI:10.1177/097194580400700101.
Finlay 1992, p. 231. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 2008, p. 341. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Finlay 2008, pp. 340–341. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Finlay 2008, p. 335. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Finlay 2008, pp. 336 & 339. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Ray 1987a, pp. 78–79. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Ray 1987a, pp. 71–72. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Sen 2016, pp. 616–617. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Ray 1987a, pp. 81–85. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Ray 1987b, p. 158. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, The Eighth Voyage of the Dragon that Never Was: An Enquiry into the Causes of Cessation of Voyages During Early Ming Dynasty, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 157–178, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300202.
Sen 2016, p. 623. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
T'ien 1981; cit. in Finlay 2008, p. 337 (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Sen 2016, p. 621. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Sen 2016, pp. 624–626. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Church 2004, p. 8. (EN) Sally K. Church, The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China, in The Medieval History Journal, vol. 7, 2004, pp. 1–37, DOI:10.1177/097194580400700101.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 342–343. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Church 2004, pp. 1–4 & 20–21. (EN) Sally K. Church, The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China, in The Medieval History Journal, vol. 7, 2004, pp. 1–37, DOI:10.1177/097194580400700101.
Church 2004, pp. 21–25. (EN) Sally K. Church, The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China, in The Medieval History Journal, vol. 7, 2004, pp. 1–37, DOI:10.1177/097194580400700101.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 341–355. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 355. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 361. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Finlay 1992, p. 232. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 2008, p. 334. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Finlay 1992, p. 236. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 395–396. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Mingshi cit. in Duyvendak 1939, p. 397; Mingshi, Xuanzong Shilu (in Ming Shilu) e Mingshi Jishi Benmo cit. in Dreyer 2007, pp. 173–175 (ZH) Storia dei Ming, XVII-XVIII secolo. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170. (ZH) Storia dei Ming, XVII-XVIII secolo. (ZH) Ming Shilu, XIV-XVII secolo. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 397–398. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Finlay 1992, p. 226. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 1992, p. 225. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
(EN) Girolamo Sernigi, A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama, 1497–1499, traduzione di E.G. Ravenstein, Londra, Hakluyt Society, 1898 [1499], p. 131.; cit. in Finlay 1992, p. 225 (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
(EN) Juan González de Mendoza, The History of the Great and Mighty Kingdom of China and the Situation Thereof, a cura di George T. Staunton, traduzione di Robert Parke, Londra, Hakluyt Society, 1853 [1588], pp. 92–96., cit. in Finlay 1992, p. 225 (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Lee 2010, p. 104. (EN) Jangwon Lee, China's Looking Seaward: Zheng He's Voyage in the 21st Century, in International Area Studies Review, vol. 13, 2010, pp. 89–110, DOI:10.1177/223386591001300305.
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jstor.org

Nel Taizong Shilu, l'ordine imperiale è datato 17 ottobre 1408. Nel Mingshi, la data è il 7 ottobre 1408. Tuttavia, l'ordine imperiale è datato al 1407 nelle iscrizioni di Zheng He e nel libro di Ma Huan. Dopo la correzione dell'anno nelle prime due opere, la data dell'ordine sarebbe stata il 23 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Taizong Shilu o il 13 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Mingshi - v. Dreyer 2007, p. 62 Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361-364 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
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(EN) Ju-kang T, Chêng Ho's Voyages and the Distribution of Pepper in China, in Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland, n. 2, 1981, pp. 186–197, JSTOR 25211245.
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Finlay 1992, p. 227. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
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Duyvendak 1939, pp. 358–359. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 363 & 373. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361–362. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 373. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
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Duyvendak 1939 cit. in Fairbank 1942, p. 140 (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170. (EN) John King Fairbank, Tributary Trade and China's Relations with the West, in The Far Eastern Quarterly, vol. 1, 1942, pp. 129–149, DOI:10.2307/2049617, JSTOR 2049617.
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Lo 1958, p. 152–153. (EN) Jung-pang Lo, The Decline of the Early Ming Navy, in Oriens Extremus, vol. 5, 1958, pp. 149–168, JSTOR 43383349.
Fairbank 1942, p. 143. (EN) John King Fairbank, Tributary Trade and China's Relations with the West, in The Far Eastern Quarterly, vol. 1, 1942, pp. 129–149, DOI:10.2307/2049617, JSTOR 2049617.
Finlay 1992, pp. 235–236. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 398–399. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Finlay 1992, p. 231. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Lo 1958, p. 151. (EN) Jung-pang Lo, The Decline of the Early Ming Navy, in Oriens Extremus, vol. 5, 1958, pp. 149–168, JSTOR 43383349.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 342–343. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 341–355. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 355. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 361. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Finlay 1992, p. 232. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 1992, p. 236. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 395–396. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Mingshi cit. in Duyvendak 1939, p. 397; Mingshi, Xuanzong Shilu (in Ming Shilu) e Mingshi Jishi Benmo cit. in Dreyer 2007, pp. 173–175 (ZH) Storia dei Ming, XVII-XVIII secolo. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170. (ZH) Storia dei Ming, XVII-XVIII secolo. (ZH) Ming Shilu, XIV-XVII secolo. (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 397–398. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Finlay 1992, p. 226. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
Finlay 1992, p. 225. (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
(EN) Girolamo Sernigi, A Journal of the First Voyage of Vasco da Gama, 1497–1499, traduzione di E.G. Ravenstein, Londra, Hakluyt Society, 1898 [1499], p. 131.; cit. in Finlay 1992, p. 225 (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
(EN) Juan González de Mendoza, The History of the Great and Mighty Kingdom of China and the Situation Thereof, a cura di George T. Staunton, traduzione di Robert Parke, Londra, Hakluyt Society, 1853 [1588], pp. 92–96., cit. in Finlay 1992, p. 225 (EN) Robert Finlay, Portuguese and Chinese Maritime Imperialism: Camoes's Lusiads and Luo Maodeng's Voyage of the San Bao Eunuch, in Comparative Studies in Society and History, vol. 34, 1992, pp. 225–241, DOI:10.1017/S0010417500017667, JSTOR 178944.
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oadoi.org

Nel Taizong Shilu, l'ordine imperiale è datato 17 ottobre 1408. Nel Mingshi, la data è il 7 ottobre 1408. Tuttavia, l'ordine imperiale è datato al 1407 nelle iscrizioni di Zheng He e nel libro di Ma Huan. Dopo la correzione dell'anno nelle prime due opere, la data dell'ordine sarebbe stata il 23 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Taizong Shilu o il 13 ottobre 1407 derivata dal Mingshi - v. Dreyer 2007, p. 62 Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361-364 (EN) Edward L. Dreyer, Zheng He: China and the Oceans in the Early Ming Dynasty, 1405–1433, New York, Pearson Longman, 2007, ISBN 978-0-321-08443-9. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Il 9 maggio 1421, un fulmine colpì il nuovo palazzo dell'imperatore a Pechino, causando la distruzione delle Sale Fengtian, Huagai e Jinshen in un incendio (Ray 1987b, pp. 161–162). Per la sua decisione di interrompere le spedizioni nell'Oceano Indiano, l'imperatore Yongle fu influenzato dall'idea che questo disastro fosse un cattivo presagio e un segno contro i viaggi (Sen 2016, p. 612). (EN) Haraprasad Ray, The Eighth Voyage of the Dragon that Never Was: An Enquiry into the Causes of Cessation of Voyages During Early Ming Dynasty, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 157–178, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300202. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
Ray 1987a, pp. 65–66. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Church 2005, pp. 17–19. (EN) Sally K. Church, Zheng He: An Investigation into the Plausibility of 450-ft Treasure Ships, in Monumenta Serica, vol. 53, 2005, pp. 1–43, DOI:10.1179/mon.2005.53.1.001.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 391. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, p. 358. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Deng & Li 2011, pp. 207-208. (EN) Hui Deng e Xin Li, The Asian Monsoons and Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Ocean, in Journal of Navigation, vol. 64, 2011, pp. 207–218, DOI:10.1017/S0373463310000469.
Deng & Li 2011, p. 207. (EN) Hui Deng e Xin Li, The Asian Monsoons and Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Ocean, in Journal of Navigation, vol. 64, 2011, pp. 207–218, DOI:10.1017/S0373463310000469.
Deng & Li 2011, pp. 212–217. (EN) Hui Deng e Xin Li, The Asian Monsoons and Zheng He's Voyages to the Western Ocean, in Journal of Navigation, vol. 64, 2011, pp. 207–218, DOI:10.1017/S0373463310000469.
Church 2004, p. 12. (EN) Sally K. Church, The Giraffe of Bengal: A Medieval Encounter in Ming China, in The Medieval History Journal, vol. 7, 2004, pp. 1–37, DOI:10.1177/097194580400700101.
Finlay 2008, p. 337. (EN) Robert Finlay, The Voyages of Zheng He: Ideology, State Power, and Maritime Trade in Ming China, in Journal of the Historical Society, vol. 8, 2008, pp. 327–347, DOI:10.1111/j.1540-5923.2008.00250.x.
Church 2005, p. 12. (EN) Sally K. Church, Zheng He: An Investigation into the Plausibility of 450-ft Treasure Ships, in Monumenta Serica, vol. 53, 2005, pp. 1–43, DOI:10.1179/mon.2005.53.1.001.
Church 2005, p. 13. (EN) Sally K. Church, Zheng He: An Investigation into the Plausibility of 450-ft Treasure Ships, in Monumenta Serica, vol. 53, 2005, pp. 1–43, DOI:10.1179/mon.2005.53.1.001.
Mills 1954, pp. 153–155. (EN) J. V. G. Mills, Chinese Coastal Maps, in Imago Mundi, vol. 11, 1954, pp. 151–168, DOI:10.1080/03085695408592067, JSTOR 1150192.
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Ray 1987a, pp. 69 e 74–75. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, An Analysis of the Chinese Maritime Voyages into the Indian Ocean during Early Ming Dynasty and their Raison d'Etre, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 65–87, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300107.
Sen 2016, p. 613. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
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Duyvendak 1939, pp. 358–359. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
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Duyvendak 1939, pp. 363 & 373. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Duyvendak 1939, pp. 361–362. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
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Duyvendak 1939, pp. 374 & 376. (EN) J. J. L. Duyvendak, The True Dates of the Chinese Maritime Expeditions in the Early Fifteenth Century, in T'oung Pao, vol. 34, 1939, pp. 341–413, DOI:10.1163/156853238X00171, JSTOR 4527170.
Sen 2016, pp. 614–615. (EN) Tansen Sen, The Impact of Zheng He's Expeditions on Indian Ocean Interactions, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, vol. 79, 2016, pp. 609–636, DOI:10.1017/S0041977X16001038.
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Ray 1987b, p. 165. (EN) Haraprasad Ray, The Eighth Voyage of the Dragon that Never Was: An Enquiry into the Causes of Cessation of Voyages During Early Ming Dynasty, in China Report, vol. 23, 1987, pp. 157–178, DOI:10.1177/000944558702300202.
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(EN) Sharma P, Identifying the Chief Trading Emporiums in Indian Ocean Maritime Trade C.1000-C.1500, in Researchers World: International Refereed Social Sciences Journal, vol. 5, 2014, pp. 131-142, ISSN 2231-4172 (WC · ACNP).

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(EN) Sharma P, Identifying the Chief Trading Emporiums in Indian Ocean Maritime Trade C.1000-C.1500, in Researchers World: International Refereed Social Sciences Journal, vol. 5, 2014, pp. 131-142, ISSN 2231-4172 (WC · ACNP).