Krasnova IN, Cadet JL, Methamphetamine toxicity and messengers of death, in Brain Res Rev, vol. 60, n. 2, maggio 2009, pp. 379-407, DOI:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2009.03.002, PMC 2731235, PMID 19328213.
«Neuroimaging studies have revealed that METH can indeed cause neurodegenerative changes in the brains of human addicts (Aron and Paulus, 2007; Chang et al., 2007). These abnormalities include persistent decreases in the levels of dopamine transporters (DAT) in the orbitofrontal cortex, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, and the caudate-putamen (McCann et al., 1998, 2008; Sekine et al., 2003; Volkow et al., 2001a, 2001c). The density of serotonin transporters (5-HTT) is also decreased in the midbrain, caudate, putamen, hypothalamus, thalamus, the orbitofrontal, temporal, and cingulate cortices of METH-dependent individuals (Sekine et al., 2006).»
