Energia nucleare (Italian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Energia nucleare" in Italian language version.

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acs.org

cen.acs.org

Nuclear Power Prevents More Deaths Than It Causes | Chemical & Engineering News, su cen.acs.org. URL consultato il 24 gennaio 2014.

anl.gov

ne.anl.gov

Fast Reactor Technology - Reactors designed/built by Argonne National Laboratory, su ne.anl.gov.

annualreviews.org

(EN) R. Scott Kemp, Environmental Detection of Clandestine Nuclear Weapon Programs, in Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol. 44, n. 1, 29 giugno 2016, pp. 17–35, Bibcode:2016AREPS..44...17K, DOI:10.1146/annurev-earth-060115-012526, ISSN 0084-6597 (WC · ACNP).
«Although commercial reprocessing involves large, expensive facilities, some of which are identifiable in structure, a small, makeshift operation using standard industrial supplies is feasible (Ferguson 1977, US GAO 1978). Such a plant could be constructed to have no visual signatures that would reveal its location by overhead imaging, could be built in several months, and once operational could produce weapon quantities of fissile material in several days»

aps.org

The Status of Nuclear Waste Disposal, su aps.org, The American Physical Society, gennaio 2006. URL consultato il 6 giugno 2008.

archive-it.org

wayback.archive-it.org

A Nuclear Power Renaissance?, in Scientific American, 28 aprile 2008. URL consultato il 15 maggio 2008 (archiviato dall'url originale il 25 maggio 2017).

archive.org

Jim Internet Archive, Global fission : the battle over nuclear power, Oxford University Press, 1982.
Al Gore, Our Choice: A Plan to Solve the Climate Crisis, Emmaus, PA, Rodale, 2009, pp. 165–166, ISBN 978-1-59486-734-7.

archive.today

WebCite query result, su scientificamerican.com, 25 giugno 2011. URL consultato il 19 giugno 2022 (archiviato dall'url originale il 25 giugno 2011).

archives-ouvertes.fr

tel.archives-ouvertes.fr

(EN) Antoine Monnet, Sophie Gabriel e Jacques Percebois, Long-term availability of global uranium resources (PDF), in Resources Policy, vol. 53, 1º settembre 2017, pp. 394–407, DOI:10.1016/j.resourpol.2017.07.008, ISSN 0301-4207 (WC · ACNP).
«However, it can be seen that the simulation in scenario A3 stops in 2075 due to a shortage: the R/P ratio cancels itself out. The detailed calculations also show that even though it does not cancel itself out in scenario C2, the R/P ratio constantly deteriorates, falling from 130 years in 2013 to 10 years around 2100, which raises concerns of a shortage around that time. The exploration constraints thus affect the security of supply.»

hal-cea.archives-ouvertes.fr

(EN) Yanxin Chen, Guillaume Martin, Christine Chabert, Romain Eschbach, Hui He e Guo-an Ye, Prospects in China for nuclear development up to 2050 (PDF), in Progress in Nuclear Energy, vol. 103, 1º marzo 2018, pp. 81–90, DOI:10.1016/j.pnucene.2017.11.011, ISSN 0149-1970 (WC · ACNP).

atomicarchive.com

The Einstein letter, su atomicarchive.com.

bnf.fr

gallica.bnf.fr

(FR) Académie des sciences (France) Auteur du texte, Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l'Académie des sciences / publiés... par MM. les secrétaires perpétuels, su Gallica, 1896-01, p. 420-421.

books.google.com

V.I. Ferronsky e V.A. Polyakov, Isotopes of the Earth's Hydrosphere, 2012, p. 399, ISBN 978-94-007-2856-1.
National Research Council, Technical Bases for Yucca Mountain Standards, Washington, DC, National Academy Press, 1995, p. 91, ISBN 978-0-309-05289-4.

britannica.com

(EN) William Martin, Nuclear power, Economics, su britannica.com. URL consultato il 18 febbraio 2022.

cam.ac.uk

inference.phy.cam.ac.uk

Dr. MacKay Sustainable Energy without the hot air, su Data from studies by the Paul Scherrer Institute including non EU data, p. 168. URL consultato il 15 settembre 2012.

cdc.gov

atsdr.cdc.gov

Toxicological profile for thorium (PDF), su atsdr.cdc.gov, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1990, p. 76.
«world average concentration in seawater is 0.05 µg/L (Harmsen and De Haan 1980)»

doi.org

dx.doi.org

Frederick Soddy, The Radio-Elements and the Periodic Law, in Nature, vol. 91, n. 2264, 1913-03, pp. 57–58, DOI:10.1038/091057a0.
Alex Wellerstein, Inside the atomic patent office, in Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 64, 1º maggio 2008, pp. 26–31, DOI:10.2968/064002008.
(EN) V. I. Kopeikin, L. A. Mikaelyan e V. V. Sinev, Reactor as a source of antineutrinos: Thermal fission energy, in Physics of Atomic Nuclei, vol. 67, n. 10, 1º ottobre 2004, pp. 1892–1899, DOI:10.1134/1.1811196.
Samuel W. Jones, R. Hirschi e K. Nomoto, Advanced burning stages and fate of 8-10 M⊙ STARS, 2013, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/772/2/150.
(EN) Radiation Protection and Dosimetry, 2003, DOI:10.1007/978-0-387-49983-3.
(EN) Hui Zhang, Plutonium reprocessing, breeder reactors, and decades of debate: A Chinese response, in Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 71, n. 4, 1º luglio 2015, pp. 18–22, DOI:10.1177/0096340215590790, ISSN 0096-3402 (WC · ACNP).
(EN) R. Scott Kemp, Environmental Detection of Clandestine Nuclear Weapon Programs, in Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol. 44, n. 1, 29 giugno 2016, pp. 17–35, Bibcode:2016AREPS..44...17K, DOI:10.1146/annurev-earth-060115-012526, ISSN 0084-6597 (WC · ACNP).
«Although commercial reprocessing involves large, expensive facilities, some of which are identifiable in structure, a small, makeshift operation using standard industrial supplies is feasible (Ferguson 1977, US GAO 1978). Such a plant could be constructed to have no visual signatures that would reveal its location by overhead imaging, could be built in several months, and once operational could produce weapon quantities of fissile material in several days»
(EN) Antoine Monnet, Sophie Gabriel e Jacques Percebois, Long-term availability of global uranium resources (PDF), in Resources Policy, vol. 53, 1º settembre 2017, pp. 394–407, DOI:10.1016/j.resourpol.2017.07.008, ISSN 0301-4207 (WC · ACNP).
«However, it can be seen that the simulation in scenario A3 stops in 2075 due to a shortage: the R/P ratio cancels itself out. The detailed calculations also show that even though it does not cancel itself out in scenario C2, the R/P ratio constantly deteriorates, falling from 130 years in 2013 to 10 years around 2100, which raises concerns of a shortage around that time. The exploration constraints thus affect the security of supply.»
(EN) Yanxin Chen, Guillaume Martin, Christine Chabert, Romain Eschbach, Hui He e Guo-an Ye, Prospects in China for nuclear development up to 2050 (PDF), in Progress in Nuclear Energy, vol. 103, 1º marzo 2018, pp. 81–90, DOI:10.1016/j.pnucene.2017.11.011, ISSN 0149-1970 (WC · ACNP).
(EN) Sophie Gabriel, Anne Baschwitz, Gilles Mathonnière, Tommy Eleouet e Florian Fizaine, A critical assessment of global uranium resources, including uranium in phosphate rocks, and the possible impact of uranium shortages on nuclear power fleets, in Annals of Nuclear Energy, vol. 58, 1º agosto 2013, pp. 213–220, DOI:10.1016/j.anucene.2013.03.010, ISSN 0306-4549 (WC · ACNP).
(EN) Delei Shang, Bernhard Geissler, Michael Mew, Liliya Satalkina, Lukas Zenk, Harikrishnan Tulsidas, Lee Barker, Adil El-Yahyaoui, Ahmed Hussein, Mohamed Taha, Yanhua Zheng, Menglai Wang, Yuan Yao, Xiaodong Liu, Huidong Deng, Jun Zhong, Ziying Li, Gerald Steiner, Martin Bertau e Nils Haneklaus, Unconventional uranium in China's phosphate rock: Review and outlook, in Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, vol. 140, 1º aprile 2021, pp. 110740, DOI:10.1016/j.rser.2021.110740, ISSN 1364-0321 (WC · ACNP).
(EN) K. Dungan, G. Butler, F. R. Livens e L. M. Warren, Uranium from seawater – Infinite resource or improbable aspiration?, in Progress in Nuclear Energy, vol. 99, 1º agosto 2017, pp. 81–85, DOI:10.1016/j.pnucene.2017.04.016, ISSN 0149-1970 (WC · ACNP).
(EN) Jianchun Fang, Chi Keung Marco Lau, Zhou Lu e Wanshan Wu, Estimating Peak uranium production in China – Based on a Stella model, in Energy Policy, vol. 120, 1º settembre 2018, pp. 250–258, DOI:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.05.049, ISSN 0301-4215 (WC · ACNP).
C.A. Huh e M.P. Bacon, Determination of thorium concentration in seawater by neutron activation analysis, in Analytical Chemistry, vol. 57, n. 11, 2002, pp. 2138–2142, DOI:10.1021/ac00288a030.
Taiping Wang, Tarang Khangaonkar, Wen Long e Gary Gill, Development of a Kelp-Type Structure Module in a Coastal Ocean Model to Assess the Hydrodynamic Impact of Seawater Uranium Extraction Technology, in Journal of Marine Science and Engineering, vol. 2, 2014, pp. 81–92, DOI:10.3390/jmse2010081.
Alexandratos SD, Kung S, Uranium in Seawater, in Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, vol. 55, n. 15, 20 aprile 2016, pp. 4101–4362, DOI:10.1021/acs.iecr.6b01293.
Jordi Bruno, Laura Duro e François Diaz-Maurin, Chapter 13 – Spent nuclear fuel and disposal, in Advances in Nuclear Fuel Chemistry, Woodhead Publishing Series in Energy, Woodhead Publishing, 2020, pp. 527–553, DOI:10.1016/B978-0-08-102571-0.00014-8, ISBN 9780081025710.
Richard A. Muller, Stefan Finsterle, John Grimsich, Rod Baltzer, Elizabeth A. Muller, James W. Rector, Joe Payer e John Apps, Disposal of High-Level Nuclear Waste in Deep Horizontal Drillholes, in Energies, vol. 12, n. 11, 29 maggio 2019, p. 2052, DOI:10.3390/en12112052.
Dirk Mallants, Karl Travis, Neil Chapman, Patrick V. Brady e Hefin Griffiths, The State of the Science and Technology in Deep Borehole Disposal of Nuclear Waste, in Energies, vol. 13, n. 4, 14 febbraio 2020, p. 833, DOI:10.3390/en13040833.
(EN) M. V. Ramana e Ali Ahmad, Wishful thinking and real problems: Small modular reactors, planning constraints, and nuclear power in Jordan, in Energy Policy, vol. 93, 1º giugno 2016, pp. 236–245, DOI:10.1016/j.enpol.2016.03.012, ISSN 0301-4215 (WC · ACNP).
(EN) Dean Kyne e Bob Bolin, Emerging Environmental Justice Issues in Nuclear Power and Radioactive Contamination, in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 13, n. 7, luglio 2016, pp. 700, DOI:10.3390/ijerph13070700, PMC 4962241, PMID 27420080.
Remus Prăvălie e Georgeta Bandoc, Nuclear energy: Between global electricity demand, worldwide decarbonisation imperativeness, and planetary environmental implications, in Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 209, 1º marzo 2018, pp. 81–92, DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.043, ISSN 1095-8630 (WC · ACNP), PMID 29287177.
(EN) John F. Ahearne, Intergenerational Issues Regarding Nuclear Power, Nuclear Waste, and Nuclear Weapons, in Risk Analysis, vol. 20, n. 6, 2000, pp. 763–770, DOI:10.1111/0272-4332.206070, ISSN 1539-6924 (WC · ACNP), PMID 11314726.
Pushker A. Kharecha e James E. Hansen, Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power, in Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 47, n. 9, 2013, pp. 4889–4895, Bibcode:2013EnST...47.4889K, DOI:10.1021/es3051197, PMID 23495839.
Dennis Normile, Is Nuclear Power Good for You?, in Science, vol. 337, n. 6093, 27 luglio 2012, p. 395, DOI:10.1126/science.337.6093.395-b (archiviato dall'url originale il 1º marzo 2013).
Arifumi Hasegawa, Koichi Tanigawa, Akira Ohtsuru, Hirooki Yabe, Masaharu Maeda, Jun Shigemura, Tetsuya Ohira, Takako Tominaga, Makoto Akashi, Nobuyuki Hirohashi, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Kenji Kamiya, Kenji Shibuya, Shunichi Yamashita e Rethy K Chhem, Health effects of radiation and other health problems in the aftermath of nuclear accidents, with an emphasis on Fukushima (PDF), in The Lancet, vol. 386, n. 9992, agosto 2015, pp. 479–488, DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61106-0, PMID 26251393.
Frank N. von Hippel, The radiological and psychological consequences of the Fukushima Daiichi accident, in Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 67, n. 5, settembre–October 2011, pp. 27–36, Bibcode:2011BuAtS..67e..27V, DOI:10.1177/0096340211421588.
Steven E. Miller e Scott D. Sagan, Nuclear power without nuclear proliferation?, in Dædalus, vol. 138, n. 4, Fall 2009, p. 7, DOI:10.1162/daed.2009.138.4.7.

doi.org

(EN) V. I. Kopeikin, L. A. Mikaelyan e V. V. Sinev, Reactor as a source of antineutrinos: Thermal fission energy, in Physics of Atomic Nuclei, vol. 67, n. 10, 1º ottobre 2004, pp. 1892–1899, DOI:10.1134/1.1811196.

efn.org.au

international Journal of Environmental Studies, The Solutions for Nuclear waste, December 2005 (PDF), su efn.org.au. URL consultato il 22 giugno 2013.

encyclopedia.com

uranium Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about uranium, in Encyclopedia.com, 11 settembre 2001. URL consultato il 14 giugno 2013.

energy.gov

(EN) What's the Lifespan for a Nuclear Reactor? Much Longer Than You Might Think, su energy.gov. URL consultato il 9 settembre 2022.

epa.gov

Public Health and Environmental Radiation Protection Standards for Yucca Mountain, Nevada; Proposed Rule (PDF), su epa.gov, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 22 agosto 2005. URL consultato il 6 giugno 2008.

europa.eu

ec.europa.eu

Tassonomia dell'UE: la Commissione presenta un atto delegato complementare sul clima per accelerare la decarbonizzazione, su ec.europa.eu. URL consultato il 6 febbraio 2022.

fas.org

CRS Report for Congress. Radioactive Waste Streams: Waste Classification for Disposal (PDF), su fas.org.
«The Nuclear Waste Policy Act of 1982 (NWPA) defined irradiated fuel as spent nuclear fuel, and the byproducts as high-level waste.»

fmu.ac.jp

ir.fmu.ac.jp

Arifumi Hasegawa, Koichi Tanigawa, Akira Ohtsuru, Hirooki Yabe, Masaharu Maeda, Jun Shigemura, Tetsuya Ohira, Takako Tominaga, Makoto Akashi, Nobuyuki Hirohashi, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Kenji Kamiya, Kenji Shibuya, Shunichi Yamashita e Rethy K Chhem, Health effects of radiation and other health problems in the aftermath of nuclear accidents, with an emphasis on Fukushima (PDF), in The Lancet, vol. 386, n. 9992, agosto 2015, pp. 479–488, DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61106-0, PMID 26251393.

generationatomic.org

Why nuclear energy, in Generation Atomic, 26 gennaio 2021.

gepr.org

Noriaki Seko, The current state of promising research into extraction of uranium from seawater – Utilization of Japan's plentiful seas, su gepr.org, Global Energy Policy Research, 29 luglio 2013.

google.it

books.google.it

(EN) Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science Inc, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc., 1950-04.

harvard.edu

adsabs.harvard.edu

(EN) R. Scott Kemp, Environmental Detection of Clandestine Nuclear Weapon Programs, in Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, vol. 44, n. 1, 29 giugno 2016, pp. 17–35, Bibcode:2016AREPS..44...17K, DOI:10.1146/annurev-earth-060115-012526, ISSN 0084-6597 (WC · ACNP).
«Although commercial reprocessing involves large, expensive facilities, some of which are identifiable in structure, a small, makeshift operation using standard industrial supplies is feasible (Ferguson 1977, US GAO 1978). Such a plant could be constructed to have no visual signatures that would reveal its location by overhead imaging, could be built in several months, and once operational could produce weapon quantities of fissile material in several days»
Pushker A. Kharecha e James E. Hansen, Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power, in Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 47, n. 9, 2013, pp. 4889–4895, Bibcode:2013EnST...47.4889K, DOI:10.1021/es3051197, PMID 23495839.
Frank N. von Hippel, The radiological and psychological consequences of the Fukushima Daiichi accident, in Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 67, n. 5, settembre–October 2011, pp. 27–36, Bibcode:2011BuAtS..67e..27V, DOI:10.1177/0096340211421588.

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Alex Wellerstein, Inside the atomic patent office, in Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, vol. 64, 1º maggio 2008, pp. 26–31, DOI:10.2968/064002008.

herinst.org

Electricity Industry in Japan, su herinst.org.

hud.ac.uk

pure.hud.ac.uk

(EN) Jianchun Fang, Chi Keung Marco Lau, Zhou Lu e Wanshan Wu, Estimating Peak uranium production in China – Based on a Stella model, in Energy Policy, vol. 120, 1º settembre 2018, pp. 250–258, DOI:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.05.049, ISSN 0301-4215 (WC · ACNP).

hypertextbook.com

Energy Consumption of the United States - The Physics Factbook, su hypertextbook.com.

iaea.org

IAEA, 2021, p. 4. (EN) International Atomic Energy Agency, International Status and Prospects for Nuclear Power 2021 (PDF), GOV/INF/2021/32-GC(65)/INF/6, Vienna, 16 luglio 2021.
(EN) From Obninsk Beyond: Nuclear Power Conference Looks to Future, su iaea.org, 24 giugno 2004.
(EN) The 1986 Chornobyl nuclear power plant accident, su iaea.org, 23 aprile 2021.
IAEA, 2021, p. 5. (EN) International Atomic Energy Agency, International Status and Prospects for Nuclear Power 2021 (PDF), GOV/INF/2021/32-GC(65)/INF/6, Vienna, 16 luglio 2021.

pris.iaea.org

PRIS - Home, su pris.iaea.org. URL consultato il 9 settembre 2022.
PRIS - Miscellaneous reports - Nuclear Share, su pris.iaea.org.

www-pub.iaea.org

Role of Thorium to Supplement Fuel Cycles of Future Nuclear Energy Systems (PDF), su www-pub.iaea.org, IAEA, 2012. URL consultato il 7 aprile 2021.
«Once irradiated in a reactor, the fuel of a thorium–uranium cycle contains an admixture of 232U (half-life 68.9 years) whose radioactive decay chain includes emitters (particularly 208Tl) of high energy gamma radiation (2.6 MeV). This makes spent thorium fuel treatment more difficult, requires remote handling/control during reprocessing and during further fuel fabrication, but on the other hand, may be considered as an additional non-proliferation barrier.»
The Fukushima Daiichi accident. Report by the Director General (PDF), su www-pub.iaea.org, International Atomic Energy Agency, 2015, p. 158. URL consultato il 18 novembre 2018.

inis.iaea.org

(EN) Barthel F.H., Thorium and unconventional uranium resources, 2007.

ansn.iaea.org

L.W. Deitrich, Basic principles of nuclear safety (PDF), su ansn.iaea.org, International Atomic Energy Agency. URL consultato il 18 novembre 2018.

ieer.org

(EN) Brice Smith, Insurmountable Risks: The Dangers of Using Nuclear Power to Combat Global Climate Change - Institute for Energy and Environmental Research, su ieer.org. URL consultato il 24 novembre 2021.

ipcc.ch

table A.III.2 (PDF), su IPCC Working Group III – Mitigation of Climate Change, Annex III: Technology–specific cost and performance parameters, ipcc.ch, IPCC, 2014. URL consultato il 19 gennaio 2019.
section A.II.9.3 (PDF), su IPCC Working Group III – Mitigation of Climate Change, Annex II Metrics & Methodology., ipcc.ch, IPCC, 2014. URL consultato il 19 gennaio 2019.

iter.org

(EN) http://www.iter.org/newsline/-/2586, su ITER.

iupac.org

goldbook.iupac.org

Nuclear reactor, su goldbook.iupac.org.

johnstonsarchive.net

Deadliest radiation accidents and other events causing radiation casualties, su johnstonsarchive.net.

lumenlearning.com

courses.lumenlearning.com

Evolution of Massive Stars: An Explosive Finish, su courses.lumenlearning.com.

mite.gov.it

Fissione e fusione nucleare | Ministero della Transizione Ecologica, su mite.gov.it.

monbiot.com

George Monbiot, A Waste of Waste, su monbiot.com. URL consultato il 14 giugno 2013.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

(EN) Dean Kyne e Bob Bolin, Emerging Environmental Justice Issues in Nuclear Power and Radioactive Contamination, in International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 13, n. 7, luglio 2016, pp. 700, DOI:10.3390/ijerph13070700, PMC 4962241, PMID 27420080.
Remus Prăvălie e Georgeta Bandoc, Nuclear energy: Between global electricity demand, worldwide decarbonisation imperativeness, and planetary environmental implications, in Journal of Environmental Management, vol. 209, 1º marzo 2018, pp. 81–92, DOI:10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.12.043, ISSN 1095-8630 (WC · ACNP), PMID 29287177.
(EN) John F. Ahearne, Intergenerational Issues Regarding Nuclear Power, Nuclear Waste, and Nuclear Weapons, in Risk Analysis, vol. 20, n. 6, 2000, pp. 763–770, DOI:10.1111/0272-4332.206070, ISSN 1539-6924 (WC · ACNP), PMID 11314726.
Pushker A. Kharecha e James E. Hansen, Prevented Mortality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Historical and Projected Nuclear Power, in Environmental Science & Technology, vol. 47, n. 9, 2013, pp. 4889–4895, Bibcode:2013EnST...47.4889K, DOI:10.1021/es3051197, PMID 23495839.
Arifumi Hasegawa, Koichi Tanigawa, Akira Ohtsuru, Hirooki Yabe, Masaharu Maeda, Jun Shigemura, Tetsuya Ohira, Takako Tominaga, Makoto Akashi, Nobuyuki Hirohashi, Tetsuo Ishikawa, Kenji Kamiya, Kenji Shibuya, Shunichi Yamashita e Rethy K Chhem, Health effects of radiation and other health problems in the aftermath of nuclear accidents, with an emphasis on Fukushima (PDF), in The Lancet, vol. 386, n. 9992, agosto 2015, pp. 479–488, DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(15)61106-0, PMID 26251393.

npr.org

NPR Nuclear Waste May Get A Second Life, in NPR.
Future Unclear For 'Megatons To Megawatts' Program, in All Things Considered, NPR, 5 dicembre 2009. URL consultato il 22 giugno 2013.

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