Loxodonta africana (Italian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Loxodonta africana" in Italian language version.

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afrik21.africa

Boris Ngounou, BOTSWANA: Over 500 vultures found dead after massive poisoning, Afrik21, 27 giugno 2019. URL consultato il 28 giugno 2019.

archive-it.org

wayback.archive-it.org

Slotow, R., Balfour, D. e Howison, O., Killing of black and white rhinoceroses by African elephants in Hluhluwe-Umfolozi Park, South Africa (PDF), in Pachyderm, n. 31, 2001, pp. 14-20 (archiviato dall'url originale il 25 ottobre 2007).

archive.org

R. M. Laws, I. S. C. Parker e R. C. B. Johnstone, Elephants and Their Habitats: The Ecology of Elephants in North Bunyoro, Uganda, Oxford, the United Kingdom, Clarendon Press, 1975.
Shoshani, J., Skeletal and other basic anatomical features of elephants, in Shoshani, J. e Tassy, P. (a cura di), The Proboscidea: Evolution and Palaeoecology of Elephants and Their Relatives, New York, Oxford University Press, 1996, pp. 9–20.
E. J. Raubenheimer, M. C. Bosman, R. Vorster e C. E. Noffke, Histogenesis of the chequered pattern of ivory of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Archives of Oral Biology, vol. 43, n. 12, 1998, pp. 969-977, DOI:10.1016/S0003-9969(98)00077-6, PMID 9877328.
Blumenbach, J. F., 2. Africanus, in Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History], Fifth, Göttingen, Johann Christian Dieterich, 1797, p. 125.
G. Cuvier, Éléphants d’Afrique, in Geoffroy-Saint-Hilaire, É. e Cuvier, F. (a cura di), Histoire Naturelle des Mammifères, avec des figures originales, coloriées, dessinées d'après des animaux vivans, Tome 6, Paris, A. Belain, 1824, pp. 117-118.
Matschie, P., Geographische Abarten des Afrikanischen Elefanten, in Sitzungsberichte der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin, vol. 3, 1900, pp. 189-197.
Lydekker, R., The Ears as a Race-Character in the African Elephant, in Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, January to April, 1907, pp. 380-403.
Ruggiero, R. G. & Fay, J. M., Utilization of termitarium soils by elephants and its ecological implications, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 32, n. 3, 1994, pp. 222-232, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1994.tb00573.x.
Weir, J. S., Chemical properties and occurrence on Kalahari sand of salt licks created by elephants, in Journal of Zoology, vol. 158, n. 3, 1969, pp. 293-310, DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb02148.x.
B. L. McKnight, Birth of an African elephant in Tsavo East National Park, Kenya, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 30, n. 1, 1992, pp. 87-89, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1992.tb00481.x.
N. S. Smith e I. O. Buss, Reproductive ecology of the female African elephant, in The Journal of Wildlife Management, vol. 37, n. 4, 1973, pp. 524-534, DOI:10.2307/3800318, JSTOR 3800318.
A. M. Lemieux e R. V. Clarke, The international ban on ivory sales and its effects on elephant poaching in Africa, in The British Journal of Criminology, vol. 49, n. 4, 2009, pp. 451-471, DOI:10.1093/bjc/azp030.

bbc.com

Botswana: Lab tests to solve mystery of hundreds of dead elephants, BBC, 2020. URL consultato il 3 luglio 2020.

books.google.com

W. Jardine, The Elephant of Africa, in The Naturalist's Library, Volume V. Natural History of the Pachydermes, Or, Thick-skinned Quadrupeds, Edinburgh, London, Dublin, W.H. Lizars, Samuel Highley, W. Curry, jun. & Company, 1836, pp. 124-132.
R. D. Estes, Elephant Loxodonta africana Family Elephantidae, Order Proboscidea, in The Safari Companion: A Guide to Watching African Mammals Including Hoofed Mammals, Carnivores, and Primates, Revised and expanded, Vermont, Chelsea Green Publishing Company, 1999, pp. 223-233, ISBN 1-890132-44-6.

bucknell.edu

departments.bucknell.edu

(EN) D.E. Wilson e D.M. Reeder, Loxodonta africana, in Mammal Species of the World. A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3ª ed., Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, ISBN 0-8018-8221-4.

cnn.com

edition.cnn.com

Ella Hurworth, More than 500 endangered vultures die after eating poisoned elephant carcasses, CNN, 24 giugno 2019. URL consultato il 28 giugno 2019.

deutschestextarchiv.de

Blumenbach, J. F., 2. Africanus, in Handbuch der Naturgeschichte [Handbook of Natural History], Fifth, Göttingen, Johann Christian Dieterich, 1797, p. 125.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

R. M. Laws, Age criteria for the African elephant: Loxodonta a. africana, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 4, n. 1, 1966, pp. 1-37, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1966.tb00878.x.
A. Larramendi, Shoulder height, body mass and shape of proboscideans (PDF), in Acta Palaeontologica Polonica, vol. 61, 2016, DOI:10.4202/app.00136.2014.
J. Hanks, Growth of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in East African Wildlife Journal, vol. 10, n. 4, 1972, pp. 251-272, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1972.tb00870.x.
B. Laurson e M. Bekoff, Loxodonta africana, in Mammalian Species, n. 92, 1978, pp. 1-8, DOI:10.2307/3503889, JSTOR 3503889.
J. Shoshani, General information on elephants with emphasis on tusks, in Elephant, vol. 1, n. 2, 1978, pp. 20-31, DOI:10.22237/elephant/1491234053.
N. D. Kock, S. A. Goedegebuure, E. P. Lane, V. Lucke, D. Tyrrel l e M. D. Kock, Flaccid Trunk Paralysis in Free-ranging Elephants (Loxodonta africana) in Zimbabwe, in Journal of Wildlife Diseases, vol. 30, n. 3, 1994, pp. 432-435, DOI:10.7589/0090-3558-30.3.432, PMID 7933290.
H. Jachmann, Estimating age in African elephants: a revision of Laws' molar evaluation technique, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 22, n. 1, 1988, pp. 51-56, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1988.tb01127.x.
E. J. Raubenheimer, W. F. P. Van Heerden, P. J. Van Niekerk, V. De Vos e M. J. Turner, Morphology of the deciduous tusk (tush) of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Archives of Oral Biology, vol. 40, n. 6, 1995, pp. 571-576, DOI:10.1016/0003-9969(95)00008-D, PMID 7677604.
E. J. Raubenheimer, M. C. Bosman, R. Vorster e C. E. Noffke, Histogenesis of the chequered pattern of ivory of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Archives of Oral Biology, vol. 43, n. 12, 1998, pp. 969-977, DOI:10.1016/S0003-9969(98)00077-6, PMID 9877328.
Grubb, P., Groves, C. P., Dudley, J. P. e Shoshani, J., Living African elephants belong to two species: Loxodonta africana (Blumenbach, 1797) and Loxodonta cyclotis (Matschie, 1900), in Elephant, vol. 2, n. 4, 2000, pp. 1-4, DOI:10.22237/elephant/1521732169.
D. W. Yalden, M. J. Largen e D. Kock, Catalogue of the Mammals of Ethiopia. 6. Perissodactyla, Proboscidea, Hyracoidea, Lagomorpha, Tubulidentata, Sirenia, and Cetacea, in Monitore Zoologico Italiano, Supplemento 21, n. 1, 1986, pp. 31-103, DOI:10.1080/03749444.1986.10736707.
N. Rohland, A. S. Malaspinas, Pollack, J. L., Slatkin, M., Matheus, P. e Hofreiter, M., Proboscidean mitogenomics: chronology and mode of elephant evolution using mastodon as outgroup, in PLOS Biology, vol. 5, n. 8, 2007, p. e207, DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207, PMC 1925134, PMID 17676977.
N. Rohland, D. Reich, S. Mallick, M. Meyer, R. E. Green, N. J. Georgiadis, A. L. Roca e M. Hofreiter, Genomic DNA Sequences from Mastodon and Woolly Mammoth Reveal Deep Speciation of Forest and Savanna Elephants, in PLOS Biology, vol. 8, n. 12, 2010, p. e1000564, DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564, PMC 3006346, PMID 21203580.
I. Douglas-Hamilton, On the ecology and behaviour of the Lake Manyara elephants, in East African Wildlife Journal, vol. 11, 3–4, 1973, pp. 401-403, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1973.tb00101.x.
Leuthold, W., Group size in elephants of Tsavo National Park and possible factors influencing it, in Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 45, n. 2, 1976, pp. 425-439, DOI:10.2307/3883, JSTOR 3883.
Eltringham, S. K., The numbers and distribution of elephant Loxodonta africana in the Rwenzori National Park and Chambura Game Reserve, Uganda, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 15, n. 1, 1977, pp. 19-39, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1977.tb00375.x.
Bax, P. N. e Sheldrick, D. L. W., Some preliminary observations on the food of elephant in the Tsavo Royal National Park (East) of Kenya, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 1, n. 1, 1963, pp. 40-51, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1963.tb00177.x.
Ruggiero, R. G. & Fay, J. M., Utilization of termitarium soils by elephants and its ecological implications, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 32, n. 3, 1994, pp. 222-232, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1994.tb00573.x.
Weir, J. S., Chemical properties and occurrence on Kalahari sand of salt licks created by elephants, in Journal of Zoology, vol. 158, n. 3, 1969, pp. 293-310, DOI:10.1111/j.1469-7998.1969.tb02148.x.
Weir, J. S., Spatial distribution of Elephants in an African National Park in relation to environmental sodium, in Oikos, vol. 23, n. 1, 1972, pp. 1-13, DOI:10.2307/3543921, JSTOR 3543921.
J. H. Poole e C. J. Moss, Musth in the African elephant, Loxodonta africana, in Nature, vol. 292, n. 5826, 1981, pp. 830-831, Bibcode:1981Natur.292..830P, DOI:10.1038/292830a0, PMID 7266649.
J. H. Poole, L. H. Kasman, E. C. Ramsay e B. L. Lasley, Musth and urinary testosterone concentrations in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Reproduction, vol. 70, n. 1, 1984, pp. 255-260, DOI:10.1530/jrf.0.0700255, PMID 6694143.
J. H. Poole, Rutting behavior in African elephants: the phenomenon of musth, in Behaviour, vol. 102, 3–4, 1987, pp. 283-316, DOI:10.1163/156853986X00171.
J. H. Poole, Announcing intent: the aggressive state of musth in African elephants (PDF), in Animal Behaviour, vol. 37, n. 37, 1989, pp. 140-152, DOI:10.1016/0003-3472(89)90014-6. URL consultato il 14 agosto 2020 (archiviato dall'url originale il 1º giugno 2019).
Slotow, R., van Dyk, G., J. Poole, B. Page e A. Klocke, Older bull elephants control young males, in Nature, vol. 408, n. 6811, 2000, pp. 425-426, Bibcode:2000Natur.408..425S, DOI:10.1038/35044191, PMID 11100713.
C. J. Moss, Oestrous behaviour and female choice in the African elephant, in Behaviour, vol. 86, n. 3/4, 1983, pp. 167-196, DOI:10.1163/156853983X00354, JSTOR 4534283.
W. Allen, Ovulation, Pregnancy, Placentation and Husbandry in the African Elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Philosophical Transactions: Biological Sciences, vol. 361, n. 1469, 2006, pp. 821-834, DOI:10.1098/rstb.2006.1831, PMC 1609400, PMID 16627297.
B. L. McKnight, Birth of an African elephant in Tsavo East National Park, Kenya, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 30, n. 1, 1992, pp. 87-89, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.1992.tb00481.x.
E. M. Lang, The birth of an African elephant Loxodonta africana at Basle Zoo, in International Zoo Yearbook, vol. 7, n. 1, 1967, pp. 154-157, DOI:10.1111/j.1748-1090.1967.tb00359.x.
N. S. Smith e I. O. Buss, Reproductive ecology of the female African elephant, in The Journal of Wildlife Management, vol. 37, n. 4, 1973, pp. 524-534, DOI:10.2307/3800318, JSTOR 3800318.
P. C. Lee e C. J. Moss, Early maternal investment in male and female African elephant calves, in Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol. 18, n. 5, 1986, pp. 353-361, DOI:10.1007/BF00299666.
P. C. Lee, S. Sayialel, W. K. Lindsay e C. J. Moss, African elephant age determination from teeth: validation from known individuals, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 50, n. 1, 2012, pp. 9-20, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2011.01286.x.
Pacifici, M., Santini, L., Di Marco, M., Baisero, D., Francucci, L., Grottolo Marasini, G., Visconti, P. e Rondinini, C., Generation length for mammals, in Nature Conservation, vol. 5, n. 5, 2013, pp. 87-94, DOI:10.3897/natureconservation.5.5734.
D. Joubert, Hunting behaviour of lions (Panthera leo) on elephants (Loxodonta africana) in the Chobe National Park, Botswana, in African Journal of Ecology, vol. 44, n. 2, 2006, pp. 279-281, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2028.2006.00626.x.
R. J. Power e R. X. S. Compion, Lion predation on elephants in the Savuti, Chobe National Park, Botswana, in African Zoology, vol. 44, n. 1, 2009, pp. 36-44, DOI:10.3377/004.044.0104.
A. M. Lemieux e R. V. Clarke, The international ban on ivory sales and its effects on elephant poaching in Africa, in The British Journal of Criminology, vol. 49, n. 4, 2009, pp. 451-471, DOI:10.1093/bjc/azp030.
S. K. Wasser, C. Mailand, R. Booth, B. Mutayoba, E. Kisamo, B. Clark e M. Stephens, Using DNA to track the origin of the largest ivory seizure since the 1989 trade ban, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 104, n. 10, 2007, pp. 4228-4233, DOI:10.1073/pnas.0609714104, PMC 1805457, PMID 17360505.
P. Poilecot, Le braconnage et la population d'éléphants au Parc National de Zakouma (Tchad), in Bois et Forêts des Tropiques, vol. 303, n. 303, 2010, pp. 93-102, DOI:10.19182/bft2010.303.a20454.
G. Wittemyer, D. Daballen e I. Douglas-Hamilton, Comparative Demography of an At-Risk African Elephant Population, in PLOS ONE, vol. 8, n. 1, 2013, p. e53726, Bibcode:2013PLoSO...853726W, DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0053726, PMC 3547063, PMID 23341984.
G. Wittemyer, J. M. Northrup, J. Blanc, I. Douglas-Hamilton, P. Omondi e K. P. Burnham, Illegal killing for ivory drives global decline in African elephants, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 111, n. 36, 2014, pp. 13117-13121, Bibcode:2014PNAS..11113117W, DOI:10.1073/pnas.1403984111, PMC 4246956, PMID 25136107.
S. K. Wasser, L. Brown, C. Mailand, S. Mondol, W. Clark, C. Laurie e B. S. Weir, Genetic assignment of large seizures of elephant ivory reveals Africa's major poaching hotspots, in Science, vol. 349, n. 6243, 2015, pp. 84-87, Bibcode:2015Sci...349...84W, DOI:10.1126/science.aaa2457, PMC 5535781, PMID 26089357.
Joaquín Ortega, Juan M. Corpa, José A. Orden, Jorge Blanco, María D. Carbonell, Amalia C. Gerique, Erin Latimer, Gary S. Hayward, Andreas Roemmelt, Thomas Kraemer, Aurore Romey, Labib B. Kassimi e Miguel Casares, Acute death associated with Citrobacter freundii infection in an African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation, vol. 27, n. 5, 15 luglio 2015, pp. 632-636, DOI:10.1177/1040638715596034. URL consultato il 12 luglio 2020.
M.A. Miller, P. Buss, E.O. Roos, G. Hausler, A. Dippenaar, E. Mitchell, L. van Schalkwyk, S. Robbe-Austerman, W.R. Waters, A. Sikar-Gang, K.P. Lyashchenko, S.D.C. Parsons, R. Warren e P. van Helden, Fatal Tuberculosis in a Free-Ranging African Elephant and One Health Implications of Human Pathogens in Wildlife, in Frontiers in Veterinary Science, vol. 6, 2019, p. 18, DOI:10.3389/fvets.2019.00018, PMID 30788347.
L. E. King, I. Douglas-Hamilton e F. Vollrath, African elephants run from the sound of disturbed bees, in Current Biology, vol. 17, n. 19, 2007, pp. R832–R833, DOI:10.1016/j.cub.2007.07.038, PMID 17925207.
B. A. Schulte, Social structure and helping behavior in captive elephants, in Zoo Biology, vol. 19, n. 5, 2000, pp. 447-459, DOI:10.1002/1098-2361(2000)19:5<447::aid-zoo12>3.0.co;2-#.

dropbox.com

C. R. Thouless, H. T. Dublin, J. J. Blanc, D. P. Skinner, T. E. Daniel, R. D. Taylor, F. Maisels, H. L. Frederick e P. Bouché, African Elephant Status Report 2016 : an update from the African Elephant Database^{[collegamento interrotto]}, Occasional Paper of the IUCN Species Survival Commission No. 60, Gland, IUCN SSC African Elephant Specialist Group, 2016, ISBN 978-2-8317-1813-2.

harvard.edu

adsabs.harvard.edu

J. H. Poole e C. J. Moss, Musth in the African elephant, Loxodonta africana, in Nature, vol. 292, n. 5826, 1981, pp. 830-831, Bibcode:1981Natur.292..830P, DOI:10.1038/292830a0, PMID 7266649.
Slotow, R., van Dyk, G., J. Poole, B. Page e A. Klocke, Older bull elephants control young males, in Nature, vol. 408, n. 6811, 2000, pp. 425-426, Bibcode:2000Natur.408..425S, DOI:10.1038/35044191, PMID 11100713.
G. Wittemyer, D. Daballen e I. Douglas-Hamilton, Comparative Demography of an At-Risk African Elephant Population, in PLOS ONE, vol. 8, n. 1, 2013, p. e53726, Bibcode:2013PLoSO...853726W, DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0053726, PMC 3547063, PMID 23341984.
G. Wittemyer, J. M. Northrup, J. Blanc, I. Douglas-Hamilton, P. Omondi e K. P. Burnham, Illegal killing for ivory drives global decline in African elephants, in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, vol. 111, n. 36, 2014, pp. 13117-13121, Bibcode:2014PNAS..11113117W, DOI:10.1073/pnas.1403984111, PMC 4246956, PMID 25136107.
S. K. Wasser, L. Brown, C. Mailand, S. Mondol, W. Clark, C. Laurie e B. S. Weir, Genetic assignment of large seizures of elephant ivory reveals Africa's major poaching hotspots, in Science, vol. 349, n. 6243, 2015, pp. 84-87, Bibcode:2015Sci...349...84W, DOI:10.1126/science.aaa2457, PMC 5535781, PMID 26089357.

iucnredlist.org

apiv3.iucnredlist.org

(EN) Gobush, K.S., Edwards, C.T.T, Balfour, D., Wittemyer, G., Maisels, F. & Taylor, R.D. 2021, Loxodonta africana, su IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, Versione 2020.2, IUCN, 2020.

journals.co.za

J. Hanks, Reproduction in the male African elephant in the Luangwa Valley, Zambia, in South African Journal of Wildlife Research, vol. 3, n. 2, 1973, pp. 31-39.
B. R. Williamson, Reproduction in female African elephant in the Wankie National Park, Rhodesia, in South African Journal of Wildlife Research, vol. 6, n. 2, 1976, pp. 89-93.

jstor.org

B. Laurson e M. Bekoff, Loxodonta africana, in Mammalian Species, n. 92, 1978, pp. 1-8, DOI:10.2307/3503889, JSTOR 3503889.
Leuthold, W., Group size in elephants of Tsavo National Park and possible factors influencing it, in Journal of Animal Ecology, vol. 45, n. 2, 1976, pp. 425-439, DOI:10.2307/3883, JSTOR 3883.
Weir, J. S., Spatial distribution of Elephants in an African National Park in relation to environmental sodium, in Oikos, vol. 23, n. 1, 1972, pp. 1-13, DOI:10.2307/3543921, JSTOR 3543921.
C. J. Moss, Oestrous behaviour and female choice in the African elephant, in Behaviour, vol. 86, n. 3/4, 1983, pp. 167-196, DOI:10.1163/156853983X00354, JSTOR 4534283.
N. S. Smith e I. O. Buss, Reproductive ecology of the female African elephant, in The Journal of Wildlife Management, vol. 37, n. 4, 1973, pp. 524-534, DOI:10.2307/3800318, JSTOR 3800318.

koedoe.co.za

Slotow, R. e van Dyk, G., Role of delinquent young 'orphan' male elephants in high mortality of white rhinoceros in Pilanesberg National Park, South Africa, in Koedoe, n. 44, 2001, pp. 85-94.

ndtv.com

Over 500 Rare Vultures Die After Eating Poisoned Elephants In Botswana, in Agence France-Press, NDTV, 21 giugno 2019. URL consultato il 28 giugno 2019.

nih.gov

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

N. D. Kock, S. A. Goedegebuure, E. P. Lane, V. Lucke, D. Tyrrel l e M. D. Kock, Flaccid Trunk Paralysis in Free-ranging Elephants (Loxodonta africana) in Zimbabwe, in Journal of Wildlife Diseases, vol. 30, n. 3, 1994, pp. 432-435, DOI:10.7589/0090-3558-30.3.432, PMID 7933290.
E. J. Raubenheimer, W. F. P. Van Heerden, P. J. Van Niekerk, V. De Vos e M. J. Turner, Morphology of the deciduous tusk (tush) of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Archives of Oral Biology, vol. 40, n. 6, 1995, pp. 571-576, DOI:10.1016/0003-9969(95)00008-D, PMID 7677604.
E. J. Raubenheimer, M. C. Bosman, R. Vorster e C. E. Noffke, Histogenesis of the chequered pattern of ivory of the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Archives of Oral Biology, vol. 43, n. 12, 1998, pp. 969-977, DOI:10.1016/S0003-9969(98)00077-6, PMID 9877328.
N. Rohland, A. S. Malaspinas, Pollack, J. L., Slatkin, M., Matheus, P. e Hofreiter, M., Proboscidean mitogenomics: chronology and mode of elephant evolution using mastodon as outgroup, in PLOS Biology, vol. 5, n. 8, 2007, p. e207, DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.0050207, PMC 1925134, PMID 17676977.
N. Rohland, D. Reich, S. Mallick, M. Meyer, R. E. Green, N. J. Georgiadis, A. L. Roca e M. Hofreiter, Genomic DNA Sequences from Mastodon and Woolly Mammoth Reveal Deep Speciation of Forest and Savanna Elephants, in PLOS Biology, vol. 8, n. 12, 2010, p. e1000564, DOI:10.1371/journal.pbio.1000564, PMC 3006346, PMID 21203580.
J. H. Poole e C. J. Moss, Musth in the African elephant, Loxodonta africana, in Nature, vol. 292, n. 5826, 1981, pp. 830-831, Bibcode:1981Natur.292..830P, DOI:10.1038/292830a0, PMID 7266649.
J. H. Poole, L. H. Kasman, E. C. Ramsay e B. L. Lasley, Musth and urinary testosterone concentrations in the African elephant (Loxodonta africana), in Reproduction, vol. 70, n. 1, 1984, pp. 255-260, DOI:10.1530/jrf.0.0700255, PMID 6694143.
Slotow, R., van Dyk, G., J. Poole, B. Page e A. Klocke, Older bull elephants control young males, in Nature, vol. 408, n. 6811, 2000, pp. 425-426, Bibcode:2000Natur.408..425S, DOI:10.1038/35044191, PMID 11100713.
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