References analysis of the Wikipedia article "MDMA" in the Italian version

books.google.it (Global: 173^rd place; Italian: 5^th place)

(EN) Jerome Beck e Marsha Rosenbaum, Pursuit of Ecstasy: The MDMA Experience, SUNY Press, 1º gennaio 1994, ISBN 978-0-7914-1817-8. URL consultato il 14 novembre 2023.

(EN) Eisner, Ecstasy: The MDMA Story, Ronin Publishing, 29 dicembre 1993, ISBN 978-0-914171-68-3. URL consultato il 14 novembre 2023.

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Italian: 3^rd place)

dx.doi.org

Shaun L. Greene, Fergus Kerr e George Braitberg, Review article: amphetamines and related drugs of abuse, in Emergency medicine Australasia: EMA, vol. 20, n. 5, 1º ottobre 2008, pp. 391-402, DOI:10.1111/j.1742-6723.2008.01114.x. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Ankit Patel, Toby Moreland e Fasiha Haq, Persistent Psychosis After a Single Ingestion of “Ecstasy” (MDMA), in The Primary Care Companion to CNS Disorders, vol. 13, n. 6, 1º gennaio 2011, DOI:10.4088/PCC.11l01200. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

«It has gained a deceptive reputation as a “safe” drug among its users. MDMA use has been associated with various medical complications such as renal and liver failure, rhabdomyolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, hepatitis, cerebral infarction, seizures, delirium, fulminant hyperthermia, intracranial bleed, cerebral edema, and coma.3–6 Adverse psychiatric symptomatology associated with MDMA includes panic attack, depression, suicidal ideation, flashbacks, rage reactions, psychosis, and severe paranoia.3 Persistent psychosis after even a single use has been reported.1,4,7 This case report describes persistent psychosis in a previously healthy adolescent girl after a single ingestion of MDMA»

(EN) Jennifer M. Mitchell, Michael Bogenschutz e Alia Lilienstein, MDMA-assisted therapy for severe PTSD: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 study, in Nature Medicine, 10 maggio 2021, pp. 1-9, DOI:10.1038/s41591-021-01336-3. URL consultato il 12 maggio 2021.

(EN) Benjamin JG Illingworth, Declan J Lewis e Andrew T Lambarth, A comparison of MDMA-assisted psychotherapy to non-assisted psychotherapy in treatment-resistant PTSD: A systematic review and meta-analysis, in Journal of Psychopharmacology, vol. 35, n. 5, 2021-05, pp. 501-511, DOI:10.1177/0269881120965915. URL consultato l'8 febbraio 2023.

(EN) Udo Benzenhöfer e Torsten Passie, Rediscovering MDMA (ecstasy): the role of the American chemist Alexander T. Shulgin, in Addiction, vol. 105, n. 8, 2010-08, pp. 1355-1361, DOI:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02948.x. URL consultato il 14 novembre 2023.

(EN) Alana R. Pentney, An Exploration of the History and Controversies Surrounding MDMA and MDA, in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, vol. 33, n. 3, 2001-09, pp. 213-221, DOI:10.1080/02791072.2001.10400568. URL consultato il 14 novembre 2023.

Jerrold S Meyer, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA): current perspectives, in Substance Abuse and Rehabilitation, vol. 4, 21 novembre 2013, pp. 83-99, DOI:10.2147/SAR.S37258. URL consultato il 14 novembre 2023.

(EN) Charles L. Renfroe, MDMA on the Street: Analysis Anonymous®, in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, vol. 18, n. 4, 1986-10, pp. 363-369, DOI:10.1080/02791072.1986.10472371. URL consultato il 14 novembre 2023.

A. C. Parrott, Is ecstasy MDMA? A review of the proportion of ecstasy tablets containing MDMA, their dosage levels, and the changing perceptions of purity, in Psychopharmacology, vol. 173, n. 3-4, 1º maggio 2004, pp. 234-241, DOI:10.1007/s00213-003-1712-7. URL consultato il 14 novembre 2023.

Inger Lise Bogen, Kristin Huse Haug e Oddvar Myhre, Short- and long-term effects of MDMA (“ecstasy”) on synaptosomal and vesicular uptake of neurotransmitters in vitro and ex vivo, in Neurochemistry International, vol. 43, 4–5, 1º settembre 2003, pp. 393-400, DOI:10.1016/S0197-0186(03)00027-5. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Lee E. Eiden e Eberhard Weihe, VMAT2: a dynamic regulator of brain monoaminergic neuronal function interacting with drugs of abuse, in Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, vol. 1216, 9 maggio 2017, pp. 86-98, DOI:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05906.x. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Gregory M. Miller, The Emerging Role of Trace Amine Associated Receptor 1 in the Functional Regulation of Monoamine Transporters and Dopaminergic Activity, in Journal of neurochemistry, vol. 116, n. 2, 9 maggio 2017, pp. 164-176, DOI:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07109.x. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Gregory C. Hadlock, Katy M. Webb e Lisa M. McFadden, 4-Methylmethcathinone (Mephedrone): Neuropharmacological Effects of a Designer Stimulant of Abuse, in The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol. 339, n. 2, 9 maggio 2017, pp. 530-536, DOI:10.1124/jpet.111.184119. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

J Kehr, F Ichinose e S Yoshitake, Mephedrone, compared with MDMA (ecstasy) and amphetamine, rapidly increases both dopamine and 5-HT levels in nucleus accumbens of awake rats, in British Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 164, n. 8, 9 maggio 2017, pp. 1949-1958, DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01499.x. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Nieves Pizarro, Rafael de la Torre e Jesús Joglar, Serotonergic Neurotoxic Thioether Metabolites of 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, “Ecstasy”): Synthesis, Isolation, and Characterization of Diastereoisomers, in Chemical Research in Toxicology, vol. 21, n. 12, 15 dicembre 2008, pp. 2272-2279, DOI:10.1021/tx8002017. URL consultato il 22 agosto 2017.

R de la Torre, M Farré e J Ortuño, Non-linear pharmacokinetics of MDMA (‘ecstasy’) in humans, in British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, vol. 49, n. 2, 9 maggio 2017, pp. 104-109, DOI:10.1046/j.1365-2125.2000.00121.x. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

DOI:10.1007/978-90-481-2448-0_25https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8480638_human_pharmacology_of_mdma_pharmacokinetics_metabolism_and_disposition, https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-90-481-2448-0_25https://www.researchgate.net/publication/8480638_Human_Pharmacology_of_MDMA_Pharmacokinetics_Metabolism_and_Disposition^{[collegamento interrotto]}. Parametro titolo vuoto o mancante (aiuto)

Calvin Ly, Alexandra C. Greb e Lindsay P. Cameron, Psychedelics Promote Structural and Functional Neural Plasticity, in Cell reports, vol. 23, n. 11, 12 giugno 2018, pp. 3170-3182, DOI:10.1016/j.celrep.2018.05.022. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2023.

Rachel Patel e Daniel Titheradge, MDMA for the treatment of mood disorder: all talk no substance?, in Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology, vol. 5, n. 3, 2015-6, pp. 179-188, DOI:10.1177/2045125315583786. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2023.

(EN) Andrew C. Parrott, The Potential Dangers of Using MDMA for Psychotherapy, in Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, vol. 46, n. 1, 2014-01, pp. 37-43, DOI:10.1080/02791072.2014.873690. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2023.

(EN) Matthew J. Burke e Daniel M. Blumberger, Caution at psychiatry’s psychedelic frontier, in Nature Medicine, vol. 27, n. 10, 2021-10, pp. 1687-1688, DOI:10.1038/s41591-021-01524-1. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2023.

(EN) Suresh D. Muthukumaraswamy, Anna Forsyth e Thomas Lumley, Blinding and expectancy confounds in psychedelic randomized controlled trials, in Expert Review of Clinical Pharmacology, vol. 14, n. 9, 2 settembre 2021, pp. 1133-1152, DOI:10.1080/17512433.2021.1933434. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2023.

Margaret C. Wardle e Harriet de Wit, MDMA alters emotional processing and facilitates positive social interaction, in Psychopharmacology, vol. 231, n. 21, 28 maggio 2017, pp. 4219-4229, DOI:10.1007/s00213-014-3570-x, PMC 4194242. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Matthew J. Baggott, Jeremy R. Coyle e Jennifer D. Siegrist, Effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine on socioemotional feelings, authenticity, and autobiographical disclosure in healthy volunteers in a controlled setting, in Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), vol. 30, n. 4, 1º aprile 2016, pp. 378-387, DOI:10.1177/0269881115626348. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Márcia Carvalho, Fernando Remião e Nuno Milhazes, The toxicity of N-methyl-alpha-methyldopamine to freshly isolated rat hepatocytes is prevented by ascorbic acid and N-acetylcysteine, in Toxicology, vol. 200, n. 2-3, 5 agosto 2004, pp. 193-203, DOI:10.1016/j.tox.2004.03.016. URL consultato il 30 agosto 2017.

Irene Antolino-Lobo, Jan Meulenbelt e Jeffrey Molendijk, Induction of glutathione synthesis and conjugation by 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and 3,4-dihydroxymethamphetamine (HHMA) in human and rat liver cells, including the protective role of some antioxidants, in Toxicology, vol. 289, n. 2-3, 18 novembre 2011, pp. 175-184, DOI:10.1016/j.tox.2011.08.012. URL consultato il 30 agosto 2017.

K. Soar, A. C. Parrott e H. C. Fox, Persistent neuropsychological problems after 7 years of abstinence from recreational Ecstasy (MDMA): a case study, in Psychological Reports, vol. 95, n. 1, 1º agosto 2004, pp. 192-196, DOI:10.2466/pr0.95.1.192-196. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

G. Rogers, J. Elston e R. Garside, The harmful health effects of recreational ecstasy: a systematic review of observational evidence, in Health Technology Assessment (Winchester, England), vol. 13, n. 6, 1º gennaio 2009, pp. iii–iv, ix–xii, 1-315, DOI:10.3310/hta13050. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

R. Thomasius, P. Zapletalova e K. Petersen, Mood, cognition and serotonin transporter availability in current and former ecstasy (MDMA) users: the longitudinal perspective, in Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), vol. 20, n. 2, 1º marzo 2006, pp. 211-225, DOI:10.1177/0269881106059486. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

De Win, Maartje M. L e Gerry Jager, Sustained effects of ecstasy on the human brain: a prospective neuroimaging study in novel users, in Brain, vol. 131, n. 11, 1º novembre 2008, pp. 2936-2945, DOI:10.1093/brain/awn255. URL consultato il 25 giugno 2017.

«[...]This first prospective imaging study in novel ecstasy users suggests that even a low to moderate ecstasy dose of 1–80 tablets (mean 6, median 2 tablets) has some sustained effects on the brain. [...]Decreased FA and increased ADC in the thalamus may reflect ecstasy-induced axonal damage, because axonal cell membranes are known to be responsible for most of the restriction of water diffusion and axonal damage lead to decreased FA and increased ADC. This finding of ecstasy-induced brain pathology in the thalamus corroborates findings from previous studies showing decreased thalamic SERT densities in (heavy) ecstasy users, most probably reflecting damage to terminals of serotonergic axons [...]These findings suggest sustained effects of ecstasy on brain microvasculature, white matter maturation and possibly axonal damage due to low dosages of ecstasy. Although we do not know yet whether these effects are reversible or not, we cannot exclude that ecstasy even in low doses is neurotoxic to the brain.»

G. A. Ricaurte, L. E. DeLanney e I. Irwin, Toxic effects of MDMA on central serotonergic neurons in the primate: importance of route and frequency of drug administration, in Brain Research, vol. 446, n. 1, 12 aprile 1988, pp. 165-168, DOI:10.1016/0006-8993(88)91309-1. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

S. J. Kish, P. S. Fitzmaurice e L. J. Chang, Low striatal serotonin transporter protein in a human polydrug MDMA (ecstasy) user: a case study, in Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), vol. 24, n. 2, 1º febbraio 2010, pp. 281-284, DOI:10.1177/0269881108097724. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

«As compared with control values, SERT protein levels were markedly (-48% to -58%) reduced in striatum (caudate, putamen) and occipital cortex and less affected (-25%) in frontal and temporal cortices, whereas TPH protein was severely decreased in caudate and putamen (-68% and -95%, respectively). The magnitude of the striatal SERT protein reduction was greater than the SERT binding decrease typically reported in imaging studies. Although acknowledging limitations of a case study, these findings extend imaging data based on SERT binding and suggest that high-dose MDMA exposure could cause loss of two key protein markers of brain serotonin neurones, a finding compatible with either physical damage to serotonin neurones or downregulation of components therein.»

F. Mueller, C. Lenz e M. Steiner, Neuroimaging in moderate MDMA use: A systematic review, in Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, vol. 62, 1º marzo 2016, pp. 21-34, DOI:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.12.010. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Maartje M. L. de Win, Gerry Jager e Jan Booij, Sustained effects of ecstasy on the human brain: a prospective neuroimaging study in novel users, in Brain: A Journal of Neurology, vol. 131, Pt 11, 1º novembre 2008, pp. 2936-2945, DOI:10.1093/brain/awn255. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

«[...]Taken together, most of the neuroimaging parameters of neurotoxicity showed no evidence of adverse effects of relatively low dosages of ecstasy on the brain. On the other hand, we did find some significant effects of low-dose ecstasy use on PWI and DTI, even after a mean abstinence period of 18.7 weeks. As expected with such low dosages, the effects were rather small with differences between the groups being <5% and with outcomes that are within the normal range of the age group. The changes we found were for example much smaller than changes found in FA in diseases like Alzheimer's (−30% lower FA in compared to controls) amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and in leukemia survivors (17% decrease in the FA value in temporal white matter). An important question is, therefore, whether the changes in imaging parameters are related to clinical impairments.»

Francesco Nifosì, Andrea Martinuzzi e Tommaso Toffanin, Hippocampal remodelling after MDMA neurotoxicity: a single case study, in The World Journal of Biological Psychiatry: The Official Journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry, vol. 10, 4 Pt 3, 2009, pp. 961-968, DOI:10.1080/15622970701870933. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Lynn Taurah, Chris Chandler e Geoff Sanders, Depression, impulsiveness, sleep, and memory in past and present polydrug users of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, ecstasy), in Psychopharmacology, vol. 231, n. 4, 1º febbraio 2014, pp. 737-751, DOI:10.1007/s00213-013-3288-1. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

«While the CAN (Cannabis-alcohl-Nicotine polydrugs users) and PD (poly-drugs-non ecstasy user) groups tended to record greater deficits than the non-drug controls, the MDMA and EX-MDMA groups recorded greater deficits than all the control groups on ten of the 13 psychometric measures. Strikingly, despite prolonged abstinence (mean, 4.98; range, 4-9 years), past ecstasy users showed few signs of recovery. Compared with present ecstasy users, the past users showed no change for ten measures, increased impairment for two measures, and improvement on just one measure.»

Nicholas B. Miner, James P. O'Callaghan e Tamara J. Phillips, The combined effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) and selected substituted methcathinones on measures of neurotoxicity, in Neurotoxicology and Teratology, vol. 61, Supplement C, 1º maggio 2017, pp. 74-81, DOI:10.1016/j.ntt.2017.02.003. URL consultato il 26 novembre 2017.

Michael H. Baumann, Xiaoying Wang e Richard B. Rothman, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity in rats: a reappraisal of past and present findings, in Psychopharmacology, vol. 189, 1º gennaio 2007, pp. 407-424, DOI:10.1007/s00213-006-0322-6. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

N. Lange-Brock, T. Berg e A. R. Müller, [Acute liver failure following the use of ecstasy (MDMA)], in Zeitschrift Fur Gastroenterologie, vol. 40, n. 8, 1º agosto 2002, pp. 581-586, DOI:10.1055/s-2002-33416. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

D. Ethan Kahn, Nicholas Ferraro e Ronald J. Benveniste, 3 cases of primary intracranial hemorrhage associated with "Molly", a purified form of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), in Journal of the Neurological Sciences, vol. 323, n. 1-2, 15 dicembre 2012, pp. 257-260, DOI:10.1016/j.jns.2012.08.031. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

N. Stanley, A. Salem e R. J. Irvine, The effects of co-administration of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine ("ecstasy") or para-methoxyamphetamine and moclobemide at elevated ambient temperatures on striatal 5-HT, body temperature and behavior in rats, in Neuroscience, vol. 146, n. 1, 25 aprile 2007, pp. 321-329, DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.012. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Brian J. Piper, Joseph B. Fraiman e Cullen B. Owens, Dissociation of the neurochemical and behavioral toxicology of MDMA ('Ecstasy') by citalopram, in Neuropsychopharmacology: Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, vol. 33, n. 5, 1º aprile 2008, pp. 1192-1205, DOI:10.1038/sj.npp.1301491. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Michael H. Baumann, Xiaoying Wang e Richard B. Rothman, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity in rats: a reappraisal of past and present findings, in Psychopharmacology, vol. 189, n. 4, 1º gennaio 2007, pp. 407-424, DOI:10.1007/s00213-006-0322-6. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

A. Richard Green, Annis O. Mechan e J. Martin Elliott, The pharmacology and clinical pharmacology of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy"), in Pharmacological Reviews, vol. 55, n. 3, 1º settembre 2003, pp. 463-508, DOI:10.1124/pr.55.3.3. URL consultato il 17 maggio 2017.

Daniel José Barbosa, João Paulo Capela e Jorge Ma Oliveira, Pro-oxidant effects of Ecstasy and its metabolites in mouse brain synaptosomes, in British Journal of Pharmacology, vol. 165, 4b, 1º febbraio 2012, pp. 1017-1033, DOI:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2011.01453.x. URL consultato il 17 maggio 2017.

E. Alves, Z. Binienda e F. Carvalho, Acetyl-L-carnitine provides effective in vivo neuroprotection over 3,4-methylenedioximethamphetamine-induced mitochondrial neurotoxicity in the adolescent rat brain, in Neuroscience, vol. 158, n. 2, 23 gennaio 2009, pp. 514-523, DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2008.10.041. URL consultato il 17 maggio 2017.

Ya-Peng Lu, Si-Yuan Liu e Hua Sun, Neuroprotective effect of astaxanthin on H(2)O(2)-induced neurotoxicity in vitro and on focal cerebral ischemia in vivo, in Brain Research, vol. 1360, 11 novembre 2010, pp. 40-48, DOI:10.1016/j.brainres.2010.09.016. URL consultato il 17 maggio 2017.

A. C. Parrott, Chronic tolerance to recreational MDMA (3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine) or Ecstasy, in Journal of Psychopharmacology (Oxford, England), vol. 19, n. 1, gennaio 2005, pp. 71-83, DOI:10.1177/0269881105048900. URL consultato il 3 luglio 2017.

eurekaselect.com (Global: low place; Italian: 7,821^st place)

(EN) Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Abstinent MDMA Users: A Review, su eurekaselect.com. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

«• Chronic MDMA use results in serotonergic toxicity, thereby altering the regional cerebral blood flow that can be studied using fMRI. • The effects of chronic MDMA use have been analysed in various neurocognitive domains such as working memory, episodic memory, semantic memory, visual stimulation, motor function and impulsivity. Structural neuroimaging in MDMA users has shown reduction in brain 5-HT transporter (5-HTT) and 5-HT2a receptor levels using positron emission tomography (PET) or single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and reduced grey matter density in various brain regions using voxel based morphometry method (VBM). Chemical Neuroimaging, assaying the levels of myoinositol (MI) and N-acetylaspartate (NAA) in the brains of MDMA users using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS), has not revealed any consistent results. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) studies have shown task evoked differences in regional brain activation, measured as blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signal intensity and/or spatial extent of activation, in MDMA users and controls. Neurocognitive studies, in MDMA users, have consistently revealed dose related memory and learning problems. Serotonergic innervation is known to regulate the cerebral microvasculature. Chronic MDMA use results in serotonin toxicity, therefore MDMA users are expected to have altered regional blood flow detectable in fMRI. Animal data has suggested that MDMA is selectively more toxic to the axons more distal to the brainstem cell bodies, that is, those present mainly in the occipital cortesemente. Also, human PET and SPECT studies have revealed significant reductions in serotonin transporter binding, most evident in the occipital cortex. The effects of poly-drug exposure may result in additive neurotoxicity or mutual neuro-protection. MDMA is known to induce hyperthermia which is a prooxidant neurotoxic condition. Hyperthermia is known to accentuate the neurotoxic potential of MDMA as well as methamphetamine. On the other hand, lowering of the core body temperature has been shown to have a neuroprotective effect."»

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; Italian: 6^th place)

ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

Methamphetamine and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, su ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.

Rafael de la Torre, Magí Farré e Pere N. Roset, Human pharmacology of MDMA: pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and disposition, in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, vol. 26, n. 2, 1º aprile 2004, pp. 137-144. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Halpern et al. Residual neuropsychological effects of illicit 3, 4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in individuals with minimal exposure to other drugs. Pharmacology & Therapeutics, 2004

Euphrosyne Gouzoulis-Mayfrank e Joerg Daumann, Neurotoxicity of drugs of abuse - the case of methylenedioxy amphetamines (MDMA, ecstasy ), and amphetamines, in Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 11, n. 3, 2009-9, pp. 305-317. URL consultato il 25 giugno 2017.

«In light of the popularity of ecstasy and stimulants among young people, questions around their neurotoxic effects on the brain remain highly topical. To date, the message we have to convey to young people in information campaigns is: “MDMA and amphetamine neurotoxicity for humans is not yet proven, but it is highly likely.”»

C. Fischer, G. Hatzidimitriou e J. Wlos, Reorganization of ascending 5-HT axon projections in animals previously exposed to the recreational drug (+/-)3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy"), in The Journal of Neuroscience: The Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience, vol. 15, n. 8, 1º agosto 1995, pp. 5476-5485. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Eszter Kirilly, Long-term neuronal damage and recovery after a single dose of MDMA: expression and distribution of serotonin transporter in the rat brain, in Neuropsychopharmacologia Hungarica: A Magyar Pszichofarmakologiai Egyesulet Lapja = Official Journal of the Hungarian Association of Psychopharmacology, vol. 12, n. 3, 1º settembre 2010, pp. 413-423. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

Asuka Kaizaki, Sachiko Tanaka e Kenji Tsujikawa, Recreational drugs, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine(MDMA), 3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA) and diphenylprolinol, inhibit neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells, in The Journal of Toxicological Sciences, vol. 35, n. 3, 1º giugno 2010, pp. 375-381. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Zeinab Ebrahimian, Zeinab Karimi e Mohammad Javad Khoshnoud, Behavioral and Stereological Analysis of the Effects of Intermittent Feeding Diet on the Orally Administrated MDMA (“ecstasy”) in Mice, in Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience, vol. 14, n. 1-2, 1º febbraio 2017, pp. 40-52. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Michael H. Baumann, Xiaoying Wang e Richard B. Rothman, 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) neurotoxicity in rats: a reappraisal of past and present findings, in Psychopharmacology, vol. 189, n. 4, 1º gennaio 2007, pp. 407-424, DOI:10.1007/s00213-006-0322-6. URL consultato il 28 maggio 2017.

Su-Xia Li, Ai-Min Sun e Xue Wang, [A preliminary study on the mechanism of neurotoxicity of MDMA--oxidative stress harm], in Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao. Yi Xue Ban = Journal of Sichuan University. Medical Science Edition, vol. 37, n. 2, 1º marzo 2006, pp. 191-195. URL consultato il 17 maggio 2017.

N. Aguirre, M. Barrionuevo e M. J. Ramírez, Alpha-lipoic acid prevents 3,4-methylenedioxy-methamphetamine (MDMA)-induced neurotoxicity, in Neuroreport, vol. 10, n. 17, 26 novembre 1999, pp. 3675-3680. URL consultato il 17 maggio 2017.

J. E. Sprague e D. E. Nichols, The monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor L-deprenyl protects against 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine-induced lipid peroxidation and long-term serotonergic deficits, in The Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, vol. 273, n. 2, 1º maggio 1995, pp. 667-673. URL consultato il 17 maggio 2017.

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(EN) TOXNET, su toxnet.nlm.nih.gov. URL consultato il 9 maggio 2017.

pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov

R. Baker e M. Bowers, Ritonavir and ecstasy, in BETA: bulletin of experimental treatments for AIDS: a publication of the San Francisco AIDS Foundation, 1997-03, p. 5. URL consultato il 22 maggio 2023.

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MDMA (Italian Wikipedia)

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link.springer.com

stuff.co.nz (Global: 387th place; Italian: 898th place)

tandfonline.com (Global: 286th place; Italian: 457th place)

tga.gov.au (Global: 4,353rd place; Italian: low place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16th place; Italian: 26th place)

wiley.com (Global: 150th place; Italian: 160th place)

onlinelibrary.wiley.com

bbc.co.uk (Global: 11^th place; Italian: 27^th place)

books.google.it (Global: 173^rd place; Italian: 5^th place)

canada.ca (Global: 1,114^th place; Italian: 3,386^th place)

clinicaltrials.gov (Global: 4,259^th place; Italian: 3,825^th place)

doi.org (Global: 2^nd place; Italian: 3^rd place)

drugs.com (Global: 529^th place; Italian: 1,546^th place)

erowid.org (Global: 3,273^rd place; Italian: 3,987^th place)

eurekaselect.com (Global: low place; Italian: 7,821^st place)

europa.eu (Global: 62^nd place; Italian: 64^th place)

europepmc.org (Global: 8,849^th place; Italian: 5,289^th place)

forbes.com (Global: 71^st place; Italian: 123^rd place)

guardian.co.uk (Global: 382^nd place; Italian: 136^th place)

ingentaconnect.com (Global: 3,367^th place; Italian: 3,013^th place)

interno.gov.it (Global: 1,106^th place; Italian: 34^th place)

nature.com (Global: 207^th place; Italian: 186^th place)

nih.gov (Global: 5^th place; Italian: 6^th place)

nytimes.com (Global: 7^th place; Italian: 15^th place)

oadoi.org (Global: 612^th place; Italian: 14^th place)

oup.com (Global: 292^nd place; Italian: 395^th place)

reddit.com (Global: 1,712^th place; Italian: 1,161^st place)

researchgate.net (Global: 96^th place; Italian: 155^th place)

sagepub.com (Global: 609^th place; Italian: 762^nd place)

springer.com (Global: 182^nd place; Italian: 250^th place)

stuff.co.nz (Global: 387^th place; Italian: 898^th place)

tandfonline.com (Global: 286^th place; Italian: 457^th place)

tga.gov.au (Global: 4,353^rd place; Italian: low place)

theguardian.com (Global: 16^th place; Italian: 26^th place)

wiley.com (Global: 150^th place; Italian: 160^th place)