David Abulafia, The Great Sea : A Human History of the Mediterranean, New York, Oxford University Press, 2011, p. 287, ISBN 9780195323344.
«As the refugees crowded into the city, massacres, rape and looting, mainly but not exclusively by the irregulars, became the unspoken order of the day... Finally, the streets and houses of Smyrna were soaked in petrol... and on 13 September the city was set alight.»