Regno d'Ungheria (1920-1946) (Italian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Regno d'Ungheria (1920-1946)" in Italian language version.

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(EN) Iván Berend e György Ránki, Hungary: A Century of Economic Development, David & Charles, 1974, p. 151, ISBN 978-07-15-36269-3.
Janos (1981), pp. 201-202; Rothschild (1990), p. 153; Cohen (1984), p. 136; Sugar (1971), p. 74; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 54. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Asher Cohen, Continuity in the Change: Hungary, 19 March 1944, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 46, n. 2, 1984, pp. 131-144. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 73; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 51; Janos (1981), p. 206. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 51; Sugar (1971), p. 66. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), p. 74; Janos (1981), p. 206. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 74; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 57. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 158; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 50, 53; Sakmyster (1975), p. 21; Sugar (1971), p. 75; Bodó (2006), pp. 141-142; Janos, 1981. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Sugar (1971), p. 74; Bodó (2006), p. 141; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 375; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 58, 69. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 163; Sugar (1971), pp. 68, 74; Janos (1981), p. 208. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Rothschild (1990), p. 163; Sugar (1971), p. 75; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 376; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 74. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 68. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), pp. 74-75; Janos (1981), pp. 210-211; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 50. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 160; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 375; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 58; Sugar (1971), p. 74; Janos (1981), p. 211. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 375; Rothschild (1990), p. 160; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p .58. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 74. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Juhász (1979), pp. 82, 84; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 81; Rothschild (1990), pp. 163-164; Sugar (1971), p. 75. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Macartney (1929), pp. 586, 588; Sugar (1971), pp. 68, 75. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Rothschild (1990), p. 160; Sugar (1971), p. 75. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), p. 68; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 64. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 68; Janos (1981), p. 216. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Lorman (2005), p. 296; Zsigmond (1966), p. 7; Juhász (1979), p. 108; Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 316; Kaiser (1980), p. 65. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317. (FR) L. Zsigmond, La politique extérieure de la Hongrie de 1933 à 1939, in Revue d'histoire de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, vol. 62, 1966, pp. 7-17. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939, Princeton University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-06-91-10101-9.
Lorman (2005), p. 316; Janos (1981), p. 289; Sugar (1971), p. 70. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sakmyster (1973), pp. 735, 738-739; Sakmyster (1975), p. 29; Dombrády (1987), p. 123; Kaiser (1980), p. 223; Juhász (1979), p. 139. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Hungary and the Munich Crisis: The Revisionist Dilemma, in Slavic Review, vol. 32, n. 4, 1973, pp. 725-740. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40. (EN) Lóránd Dombrády, The Hungarian War Economy and Industry during the Second World War, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 33, n. 1, 1987, pp. 123-125. (EN) David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939, Princeton University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-06-91-10101-9. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6.
Sugar (1971), p. 71; Janos (1981), p. 270. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 77; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 392; Janos (1981), pp. 270-271. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 365; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 392; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 125. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 71. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Cohen (1984), p. 139; Rothschild (1990), p. 187; Sugar (1971), p. 79; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 398. (EN) Asher Cohen, Continuity in the Change: Hungary, 19 March 1944, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 46, n. 2, 1984, pp. 131-144. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Sugar (1971), p. 79; Janos (1981), p. 308; Rothschild (1990), p. 187; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 398. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Sugar (1971), p. 80; Rothschild (1990), p. 187. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Seton-Watson (1946), pp. 104, 243; Janos (1981), p. 311; Rothschild (1990), p. 188; Seton-Watson (1956), p. 104; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 401. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Rothschild (1990), p. 188; Seton-Watson (1956), p. 104; Batowski (1971), p. 318; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 365, 400-401; Janos (1981), p. 311. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956. (EN) Henryk Batowski, Diplomatic Events in East-Central Europe in 1944, in East European Quarterly, vol. 5, n. 3, 1971, pp. 313-324. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Seton-Watson (1956), p. 104. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 402; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 231; Seton-Watson (1956), p. 104; Seton-Watson (1946), p. 243. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 403; Seton-Watson (1956), pp. 104-105. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Batowski (1971), pp. 319, 323; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 402; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 231. (EN) Henryk Batowski, Diplomatic Events in East-Central Europe in 1944, in East European Quarterly, vol. 5, n. 3, 1971, pp. 313-324. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Batowski (1971), p. 319; Seton-Watson (1956), pp. 105, 190; Seton-Watson (1946), p. 243; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 236. (EN) Henryk Batowski, Diplomatic Events in East-Central Europe in 1944, in East European Quarterly, vol. 5, n. 3, 1971, pp. 313-324. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 403; Seton-Watson (1956), p. 105; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 240. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Seton-Watson (1956), p. 105. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Seton-Watson (1956), p. 191. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Seton-Watson (1956), pp. 191-192. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Seton-Watson (1946), p. 246; Seton-Watson (1956), p. 192. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Seton-Watson (1946), p. 245; Seton-Watson (1956), p. 193. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Seton-Watson (1956), p. 193. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The East European revolution, New York, Praeger, 1956.
Kaiser (1980), p. 19; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 176. (EN) David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939, Princeton University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-06-91-10101-9. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Janos (1981), p. 229; Sugar (1971), pp. 74-75. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Incze (1954), p. 35; Basch (1943), pp. 20-21. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Sugar (1971), p. 78; Rothschild (1990), p. 166. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Kaiser (1980), p. 325. (EN) David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939, Princeton University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-06-91-10101-9.
Sugar (1971), p. 78; Rothschild (1990), p. 188. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 78. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), p. 65; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 75; Cohen (1996), p. 363; Janos (1981), p. 256. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Asher Cohen, The Holocaust of Hungarian Jews in Light of the Research of Randolph Braham, in Yad Vashem Studies, vol. 25, 1996, pp. 361-382. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Cohen (1996), p. 363; Sugar (1971), p. 73. (EN) Asher Cohen, The Holocaust of Hungarian Jews in Light of the Research of Randolph Braham, in Yad Vashem Studies, vol. 25, 1996, pp. 361-382. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), p. 65; Janos (1981), p. 257. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), pp. 65-66; Mocsy (1983), pp. 2, 176, 183; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 65. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 66. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 75; Sugar (1971), p. 66. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Janos (1981), pp. 234-235; Rothschild (1990), p. 160; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 59. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Janos (1981), p. 235. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 73; Janos (1981), p. 205; Rothschild (1990), p. 192. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Macartney (1929), p. 593; Balogh (1983), p. 43; Rothschild (1990), pp. 156, 158; Sugar (1971), p. 73; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 56-57. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 157; Sugar (1971), p. 67; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 78. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 67; Rothschild (1990), p. 166. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 73. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Sugar (1971), pp. 73-74. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Winchester (1976), p. 409. (EN) Betty Jo Winchester, Hungary and the Austrian Anschluss, vol. 10, n. 4, East European Quarterly, 1976, pp. 409-425.
Rothschild (1990), p. 176; Winchester (1976), p. 421. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Betty Jo Winchester, Hungary and the Austrian Anschluss, vol. 10, n. 4, East European Quarterly, 1976, pp. 409-425.
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Balogh (1983), p. 44; Rothschild (1990), p. 185; Batowski (1971), p. 319. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Henryk Batowski, Diplomatic Events in East-Central Europe in 1944, in East European Quarterly, vol. 5, n. 3, 1971, pp. 313-324.

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Le classi privilegiate che stavano riprendendo il potere giustificarono il loro antisemitismo accusando la popolazione ebraica di aver causato la sconfitta militare nella prima guerra mondiale, di aver tratto profitto dal conflitto e di aver sostenuto più di ogni altro partito la repubblica sovietica. In questo modo, si evitò di generali delle acredini con la comunità operaia e contadina: Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 370. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
I poteri del reggente erano praticamente quelli del re; pur non potendo concedere titoli nobiliari o porre il veto alle decisioni ecclesiastiche, egli disponeva del potere di nominare il primo ministro, sciogliere le camere, porre il veto alla legislazione e ricopriva il ruolo di comandante in capo dell'esercito. Nel 1925 le sue prerogative furono estese e poté nominare senatori a vita nel ripristinato Senato nazionale: Janos (1981), p. 203. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Nel 1923, il 79% del bilancio statale derivava da riserve auree e di valuta estera: Janos (1981), p. 209. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Le nuove condizioni per l'eleggibilità al voto includevano sei anni di scolarizzazione, sei anni di residenza nella stessa località, essere madre di tre figli o possedere un'attività commerciale, o avere un'istruzione superiore. L'età del voto fu elevata a 24 anni per gli uomini e a 30 per le donne. Lo scrutinio segreto sopravvisse in 46 circoscrizioni, soprattutto urbane, mentre venne eliminato nelle altre 196: Janos (1981), p. 211. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Almeno 140.000 dei 200.000 combattenti di stanza al fronte e tra le 23.000 e le 43.000 delle 50.000 reclute forzate dai battaglioni di lavoro: Janos (1981), p. 303. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Nel 1914 tra il 70 e il 75 % delle esportazioni ungheresi, principalmente prodotti agricoli, andavano al resto dell'Impero: Basch (1943), p. 20. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
I 1.232 grandi latifondi, lo 0,1 % del totale, monopolizzavano circa il 30 % della terra, mentre 1 142 294 piccole proprietà, il 71,5 % del totale, condivideva solo l'11 % del terreno. Il 40 % della popolazione rurale non aveva proprietà e l'80 % sperimentava condizioni di povertà: Basch (1943), p. 21. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Se nel 1910 l'Ungheria contava 251.534 cittadini con istruzione secondaria su una popolazione di 21.000.000, nel 1920 ne vantava ancora 209.826 su una popolazione che non raggiungeva gli 8.000.000. Circa 60.000 di questi erano profughi giunti dai territori perduti. Inoltre, il Paese non solo trasferì le università di Pozsony e Kolozsvár in località ancora in mano all'Ungheria, ma ne aprì anche una nuova a Debrecen, facendo salire il numero di atenei diversi a quattro: Mocsy (1983), p. 191; Janos (1981), p. 247. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos indica che durante gli anni della crisi, il 30 % di nuovi medici, il 48 % di nuovi avvocati, il 55,2 % di nuovi ingegneri e il 70,1 % dei nuovi insegnanti erano disoccupati: Janos (1981), p. 255. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Il 66,2% dei piccoli commercianti, il 90,3% dei dipendenti nel settore finanziario, il 52,6% degli impiegati dell'industria e il 70,9% di quelli del commercio erano ebrei nella capitale. Nel complesso, in tutto il Paese le rispettive percentuali dei lavoratori semiti erano il 57,9%, l'88,8%, il 47,7% e il 67,2%: Janos (1981), p. 223. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Il 9,9% aveva un reddito alto, il 28,3% un reddito medio, il 37,6% un reddito medio-basso e il 24,2% un reddito basso. Per la popolazione nel suo complesso le rispettive percentuali erano: 0,6%, 7,7%, 9,8% e 81,9%: Janos (1981), p. 225. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Prima della guerra, il 28,4% degli studenti universitari era ebreo. Nel dopoguerra, la percentuale è scesa al 5,9% nel 1920-1921 ed è risalita al 10,5% nel 1925-1930: Janos (1981), p. 226. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Nel 1928, quello in cui la differenza si avvertiva in maniera più sensibile, il reddito medio di un contadino era inferiore a un terzo di quello di un operaio urbano: Janos (1981), p. 240. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 201. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 201; Rothschild (1990), p. 152. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Janos (1981), p. 201; Rothschild (1990), pp. 151-152; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 54. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Janos (1981), p. 201; Rothschild (1990), p. 153; Mocsy (1983), p. 145. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Janos (1981), pp. 201-202; Rothschild (1990), p. 153; Cohen (1984), p. 136; Sugar (1971), p. 74; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 54. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Asher Cohen, Continuity in the Change: Hungary, 19 March 1944, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 46, n. 2, 1984, pp. 131-144. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rogger e Weber (1974), pp. 364-365; Mocsy (1983), pp. 145-146. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Janos (1981), pp. 202-203. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Janos (1981), p. 202; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 55. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Janos (1981), p. 202; Rothschild (1990), p. 154. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 55; Janos (1981), p. 203; Rothschild (1990), pp. 154, 158; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 373. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 55; Rothschild (1990), p. 154; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 373; Janos (1981), p. 203; Horel (2008), p. 91. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 376; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 73; Janos (1981), p. 204. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Rothschild (1990), pp. 155-157; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Janos (1981), p. 205. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 279. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 206; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 57; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Janos (1981), p. 206; Rothschild (1990), p. 159; Horel (2008), p. 92; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 373. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Janos (1981), p. 206. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 73; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 51; Janos (1981), p. 206. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 74; Janos (1981), p. 206. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 375; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 58; Rothschild (1990), p. 158; Janos (1981), p. 208. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 208. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 74; Bodó (2006), p. 141; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 375; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 58, 69. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 163; Sugar (1971), pp. 68, 74; Janos (1981), p. 208. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
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Basch (1943), pp. 27-28. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
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Basch (1943), p. 51; Ferber (1983), p. 285; Juhász (1979), p. 93; Rothschild (1990), p. 169. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Katalin Ferber, The Domestic and International Equilibrium of the Hungarian Economy in the Years Following the Stabilization (1924–1931), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 29, n. 2-4, 1983, pp. 283-286. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
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Basch (1943), p. 52. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 54. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), pp. 48, 189. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 134. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 92. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
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Basch (1943), p. 100. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 190. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), pp. 204, 206. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 222; Rothschild (1990), p. 177. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Basch (1943), pp. 203-204, 207. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 222. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
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Janos (1981), pp. 250-251. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 87; Janos (1981), p. 252. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 378. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
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Janos (1981), p. 247; Mocsy (1983), pp. 191-192; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 67-68. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
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Mocsy (1983), p. 186; Janos (1981), p. 248. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 255; Klein (1982), p. 115. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Bernard Klein, Anti-Jewish Demonstrations in Hungarian Universities, 1932-1936: István Bethlen vs Gyula Gömbös, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 44, n. 2, 1982, pp. 113-124.
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Janos (1981), p. 232; Rothschild (1990), p. 191; Dreisziger (1998), p. 108. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Janos (1981), p. 231. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 232. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 229. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), pp. 229-230. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
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Rothschild (1990), p. 196; Janos (1981), p. 223; Rothschild (1990), p. 196. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Rothschild (1990), p. 196; Janos (1981), p. 226. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Klein (1982), p. 122; Janos (1981), p. 226. (EN) Bernard Klein, Anti-Jewish Demonstrations in Hungarian Universities, 1932-1936: István Bethlen vs Gyula Gömbös, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 44, n. 2, 1982, pp. 113-124. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 226; Rothschild (1990), p. 197. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Janos (1981), p. 227; Rothschild (1990), p. 197. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Janos (1981), p. 227. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 261; Klein (1982), p. 115. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Bernard Klein, Anti-Jewish Demonstrations in Hungarian Universities, 1932-1936: István Bethlen vs Gyula Gömbös, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 44, n. 2, 1982, pp. 113-124.
Janos (1981), p. 302; Rothschild (1990), pp. 197-198; Rogger e Weber (1974), pp. 382-383. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 383; Janos (1981), p. 302; Rothschild (1990), p. 198. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Rothschild (1990), pp. 198-199; Janos (1981), pp. 302-303. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 304; Rothschild (1990), p. 199; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 383. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
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Janos (1981), p. 240. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 241. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), pp. 233-234; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 59. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Janos (1981), p. 234. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Janos (1981), pp. 234-235; Rothschild (1990), p. 160; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 59. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Janos (1981), p. 235. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Janos (1981), p. 235; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 59. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Janos (1981), p. 239; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 61. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 155; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Rothschild (1990), p. 155; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Janos (1981), p. 205. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Lorman (2005), p. 291; Janos (1981), p. 205; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 56. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Janos (1981), p. 205; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 56. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 56; Rothschild (1990), p. 155; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Janos (1981), p. 205. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sugar (1971), p. 73; Janos (1981), p. 205; Rothschild (1990), p. 192. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Janos (1981), p. 205. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Macartney (1929), p. 593; Balogh (1983), p. 43; Rothschild (1990), pp. 156, 158; Sugar (1971), p. 73; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 56-57. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 157; Sugar (1971), p. 67; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 78. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Klein (1955), pp. 79-80; Janos (1981), pp. 262-263. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.

hungarianhistory.com

Se nel 1910 l'Ungheria contava 251.534 cittadini con istruzione secondaria su una popolazione di 21.000.000, nel 1920 ne vantava ancora 209.826 su una popolazione che non raggiungeva gli 8.000.000. Circa 60.000 di questi erano profughi giunti dai territori perduti. Inoltre, il Paese non solo trasferì le università di Pozsony e Kolozsvár in località ancora in mano all'Ungheria, ma ne aprì anche una nuova a Debrecen, facendo salire il numero di atenei diversi a quattro: Mocsy (1983), p. 191; Janos (1981), p. 247. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Janos (1981), p. 201; Rothschild (1990), p. 153; Mocsy (1983), p. 145. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Rogger e Weber (1974), pp. 364-365; Mocsy (1983), pp. 145-146. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Mocsy (1983), p. 180. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Mocsy (1983), p. 179. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Mocsy (1983), p. 183. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Mocsy (1983), pp. 184, 190. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Mocsy (1983), p. 190. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Sugar (1971), pp. 65-66; Mocsy (1983), pp. 2, 176, 183; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 65. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Mocsy (1983), pp. 176-177. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Mocsy (1983), p. 177. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Janos (1981), p. 247; Mocsy (1983), p. 191; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 69. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Janos (1981), p. 247; Mocsy (1983), pp. 191-192; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 67-68. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Mocsy (1983), pp. 192-193. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.
Mocsy (1983), p. 186; Janos (1981), p. 248. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Mocsy (1983), p. 186. (EN) Istvan I. Mocsy, The Uprooted: Hungarian Refugees and Their Impact on Hungary's Domestic Politics, 1918-1921, East European Monographs, 1983, ISBN 978-08-80-33039-8.

jstor.org

Il piano originale era stato partorito dal feldmaresciallo tedesco Erich Ludendorff, il quale aveva fornito i macchinari necessari preparati da alcuni gruppi tedeschi durante l'occupazione della Ruhr al principe ed ex ministro Lajos Windischgrätz. Per realizzare il denaro contraffatto ci si rivolse all'Istituto cartografico nazionale e al vescovo e cappellano militare principale dell'esercito magiaro. La distribuzione fu coordinata da un ex ministro delle finanze ed effettuata da funzionari di stato maggiore; Bethlen, dal canto suo, era a conoscenza dell'operazione: Klay (1974), pp. 109-111. (EN) Andor Klay, Hungarian Counterfeit Francs: A Case of Post-World War I Political Sabotage, in Slavic Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 1974, pp. 107-113.
L'accordo con la Germania fu firmato a febbraio, i protocolli a marzo e maggio. La seconda, in linea di principio, garantiva meno esportazioni della prima, ma ebbe effetti più positivi: Berend e Ránki (1961), pp. 345-346. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348.
La Germania pagò dei sussidi alle esportazioni magiare in modo che potessero raggiungere prezzi competitivi nel loro mercato. Questi contributi, ottenuti in buona sostanza dai conti tedeschi bloccati in Ungheria dall'inizio della crisi, permisero a Budapest di pagare prezzi più alti ai proprietari terrieri produttori senza costringerli ad abbassare i prezzi per competere: Berend e Ránki (1961), pp. 337, 343. Il sistema avvantaggiava la Germania, in quanto le permetteva di acquistare prodotti del settore primario senza dover adoperare la sua valuta all'estero, il cui potere non era molto forte, pagando anche prezzi più elevati di quelli del mercato libero (su cui si sarebbe dovuta muovere in condizioni normali), oltre a promuovere le sue esportazioni industriali: Berend e Ránki (1961), pp. 342-343. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348.
Il sistema di commercio bilaterale strettamente controllato evitava il pagamento in valuta estera; gli importatori tedeschi pagavano in marchi su un conto tedesco presso la Banca Nazionale Ungherese. Da questo conto venivano poi effettuati i pagamenti agli esportatori teutonici in territorio magiaro. L'accordo limitava l'uso del conto e i suoi potenziali benefici: Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 338. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348.
Il sistema, avviato nel 1934, permetteva a Berlino di controllare il suo commercio straniero che, a corto di valuta estera, pagava le importazioni con prodotti tedeschi in transazioni bilaterali regolamentate. I Paesi dell'Europa sudorientale, desiderosi di vendere i loro prodotti agricoli ed essi stessi a corto di valuta estera, accettarono il sistema: Berend e Ránki (1961), pp. 331-333. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348.
Janos (1981), pp. 201-202; Rothschild (1990), p. 153; Cohen (1984), p. 136; Sugar (1971), p. 74; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 371; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 54. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Asher Cohen, Continuity in the Change: Hungary, 19 March 1944, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 46, n. 2, 1984, pp. 131-144. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Macartney (1929), pp. 585-586. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594.
Macartney (1929), p. 582; Rothschild (1990), p. 154. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 55; Rothschild (1990), p. 154; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 373; Janos (1981), p. 203; Horel (2008), p. 91. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103.
Janos (1981), p. 206; Rothschild (1990), p. 159; Horel (2008), p. 92; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 373. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Sakmyster (1975), p. 38. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40.
Rothschild (1990), p. 158; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 50, 53; Sakmyster (1975), p. 21; Sugar (1971), p. 75; Bodó (2006), pp. 141-142; Janos, 1981. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Bodó (2006), p. 122; Sakmyster (1975), p. 22. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40.
Klay (1974), p. 109. (EN) Andor Klay, Hungarian Counterfeit Francs: A Case of Post-World War I Political Sabotage, in Slavic Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 1974, pp. 107-113.
Klay (1974), p. 112. (EN) Andor Klay, Hungarian Counterfeit Francs: A Case of Post-World War I Political Sabotage, in Slavic Review, vol. 33, n. 1, 1974, pp. 107-113.
Macartney (1929), p. 586; Janos (1981), p. 212. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Macartney (1929), pp. 586, 588; Sugar (1971), pp. 68, 75. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5.
Macartney (1929), p. 586. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594.
Janos (1981), p. 246; Rothschild (1990), p. 171; Incze (1954), p. 3; Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 315; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 377; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 85. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Juhász (1979), p. 100; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 377; Janos (1981), p. 246; Rothschild (1990), p. 172; Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 315; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 85-86. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 377; Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 315; Sakmyster (1975), p. 23; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 70; Janos (1981), pp. 246-247. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Sakmyster (1975), p. 23; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 379. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2.
Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 315. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348.
Lorman (2005), p. 296; Zsigmond (1966), p. 7; Juhász (1979), p. 108; Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 316; Kaiser (1980), p. 65. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317. (FR) L. Zsigmond, La politique extérieure de la Hongrie de 1933 à 1939, in Revue d'histoire de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, vol. 62, 1966, pp. 7-17. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939, Princeton University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-06-91-10101-9.
Lorman (2005), pp. 297, 310; Juhász (1979), pp. 112, 115; Berend e Ránki (1961), pp. 345-346; Zsigmond (1966), pp. 8-9. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (FR) L. Zsigmond, La politique extérieure de la Hongrie de 1933 à 1939, in Revue d'histoire de la Deuxième Guerre mondiale, vol. 62, 1966, pp. 7-17.
Sakmyster (1975), p. 24. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40.
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Incze (1954), pp. 42, 44-45; Rothschild (1990), p. 170. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Incze (1954), p. 4. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Janos (1981), pp. 304-305; Incze (1954), p. 33. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Incze (1954), p. 24. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Janos (1981), p. 239; Incze (1954), pp. 8-9. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Rothschild (1990), p. 168; Incze (1954), pp. 5, 41. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Incze (1954), pp. 9-10; Rothschild (1990), p. 168. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Incze (1954), p. 4; Basch (1943), p. 52; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 85. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Basch (1943), pp. 99, 189; Lorman (2005), p. 309. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317.
Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 339; Rothschild (1990), p. 176. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Grenzebach (1988), p. 33; Berend e Ránki (1961), pp. 336-337. (EN) William S. Grenzebach, Germany's Informal Empire: German Economic Policy Toward Yugoslavia and Rumania, 1933-1939, Franz Steiner, 1988, ISBN 978-35-15-05005-0. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348.
Basch (1943), p. 100; Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 340; Basch (1943), p. 190. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Dombrády (1987), p. 124; Rothschild (1990), p. 189. (EN) Lóránd Dombrády, The Hungarian War Economy and Industry during the Second World War, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 33, n. 1, 1987, pp. 123-125. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Dombrády (1987), p. 125. (EN) Lóránd Dombrády, The Hungarian War Economy and Industry during the Second World War, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 33, n. 1, 1987, pp. 123-125.
Rothschild (1990), p. 190; Dombrády (1987), p. 124. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Lóránd Dombrády, The Hungarian War Economy and Industry during the Second World War, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 33, n. 1, 1987, pp. 123-125.
Dombrády (1987), p. 124. (EN) Lóránd Dombrády, The Hungarian War Economy and Industry during the Second World War, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 33, n. 1, 1987, pp. 123-125.
Horel (2008), p. 94. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103.
Janos (1981), p. 252; Horel (2008), p. 95; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 374; Dreisziger (1998), p. 31. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nándor Dreisziger, Hungary in the Age of Total War, 1938-1948, East European Monographs, 1998, ISBN 978-08-80-33407-5.
Incze (1954), pp. 36, 40. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Horel (2008), pp. 98-100. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103.
Horel (2008), pp. 101, 103. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103.
Horel (2008), p. 95. (FR) Catherine Horel, L'aristocratie en Hongrie entre les deux guerres: Une apparente continuité, in Revue d'histoire 99, Vingtième Siècle, 2008, pp. 91-103.
Cohen (1984), p. 136; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 66-67. (EN) Asher Cohen, Continuity in the Change: Hungary, 19 March 1944, in Jewish Social Studies, vol. 46, n. 2, 1984, pp. 131-144. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Seton-Watson (1946), p. 240; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 60; Janos (1981), p. 240. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1.
Seton-Watson (1946), p. 240. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253.
Seton-Watson (1946), p. 240; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 61. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Seton-Watson (1946), p. 241. (EN) Hugh Seton-Watson, The Danubian Satellites: A Survey of the Main Social and Political Factors in the Present Situation, in International Affairs, vol. 22, n. 2, 1946, pp. 240-253.
Incze (1954), pp. 22, 27. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 61; Incze (1954), pp. 9, 18. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Incze (1954), pp. 12-13, 18. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Incze (1954), pp. 15-16. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Incze (1954), pp. 16-17. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Incze (1954), p. 18, 21; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 83. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Incze (1954), p. 23. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Incze (1954), pp. 25-26. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93.
Lorman (2005), p. 291; Janos (1981), p. 205; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 56. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Macartney (1929), p. 593; Balogh (1983), p. 43; Rothschild (1990), pp. 156, 158; Sugar (1971), p. 73; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 56-57. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.

oszk.hu

epa.oszk.hu

Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 55; Bodó (2006), pp. 129-132. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Rothschild (1990), p. 158; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 50, 53; Sakmyster (1975), p. 21; Sugar (1971), p. 75; Bodó (2006), pp. 141-142; Janos, 1981. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Sugar (1971), p. 74; Bodó (2006), p. 141; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 375; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 58, 69. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Bodó (2006), pp. 122, 142. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 55; Bodó (2006), pp. 142, 148. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Bodó (2006), p. 145. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Bodó (2006), p. 143. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Bodó (2006), p. 122; Sakmyster (1975), p. 22. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156. (EN) Thomas L. Sakmyster, Army Officers and Foreign Policy in Interwar Hungary, 1918-41, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 10, n. 1, 1975, pp. 19-40.
Janos (1981), p. 225; Bodó (2006), p. 146. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156.
Bodó (2006), p. 135; Dreisziger (1998), p. 35. (EN) Béla Bodó, Militia Violence and State Power in Hungary, 1919-1922 (PDF), in Hungarian Studies Review, vol. 33, n. 1-2, 2006, pp. 121-156. (EN) Nándor Dreisziger, Hungary in the Age of Total War, 1938-1948, East European Monographs, 1998, ISBN 978-08-80-33407-5.
Macartney (1929), p. 593; Balogh (1983), p. 43; Rothschild (1990), pp. 156, 158; Sugar (1971), p. 73; Rogger e Weber (1974), p. 372; Nagy-Talavera (1970), pp. 56-57. (EN) Carlile A. Macartney, Hungary Since 1918, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 7, n. 21, 1929, pp. 577-594. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) Hans Rogger e Eugen Weber, The European Right, University of California Press, 1974, ISBN 978-05-20-01080-2. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Balogh (1983), pp. 44-45; Rothschild (1990), p. 179. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Balogh (1983), p. 45. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51.
Balogh (1983), p. 46. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51.
Balogh (1983), p. 49; Rothschild (1990), p. 183. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Balogh (1983), p. 50; Rothschild (1990), p. 185. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Balogh (1983), p. 44; Rothschild (1990), p. 185. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Balogh (1983), p. 44; Rothschild (1990), p. 185; Batowski (1971), p. 319. (EN) Eva S. Balogh, Peaceful Revision: The Diplomatic Road to War (PDF), vol. 10, n. 1, Hungarian Studies Review, 1983, pp. 43-51. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Henryk Batowski, Diplomatic Events in East-Central Europe in 1944, in East European Quarterly, vol. 5, n. 3, 1971, pp. 313-324.

unibo.it

acnpsearch.unibo.it

Nel dopoguerra, tra un quinto e un sesto delle esportazioni ungheresi giungeva in Cecoslovacchia. Verso la metà degli anni '30, la percentuale scese al 5%: Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 179. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 170; Janos (1981), p. 206; Rothschild (1990), p. 167. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 170; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 56; Janos (1981), p. 206; Rothschild (1990), p. 156. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Kaiser (1980), p. 19; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 176. (EN) David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939, Princeton University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-06-91-10101-9. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 173. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 174. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Incze (1954), pp. 51-52; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183; Rothschild (1990), p. 170. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 180; Rothschild (1990), p. 169. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Berend e Ránki (1969), pp. 181-182. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Juhász (1979), p. 93; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183; Rothschild (1990), p. 169; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 83. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Rothschild (1990), p. 169; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 180. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).

web.archive.org

A porre la firma sull'atto fu il gabinetto di coalizione emerso dalle elezioni di marzo, presieduto da Sándor Simonyi-Semadam, un politico dal peso secondario, che dovette accettare le condizioni imposte dai vincitori. Il ministro degli Affari esteri di questo esecutivo, Pál Teleki, rimosse Simonyi-Semadan dalla carica di capo del governo poco dopo: Ablonczy (2006), pp. 67, 69. (EN) Balázs Ablonczy, Pal Teleki (1879-1941): The Life of a Controversial Hungarian Politician, East European Monographs, 2006, ISBN 978-08-80-33595-9. URL consultato il 14 agosto 2022 (archiviato dall'url originale il 13 agosto 2022).

worldcat.org

Nel 1914 tra il 70 e il 75 % delle esportazioni ungheresi, principalmente prodotti agricoli, andavano al resto dell'Impero: Basch (1943), p. 20. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
I 1.232 grandi latifondi, lo 0,1 % del totale, monopolizzavano circa il 30 % della terra, mentre 1 142 294 piccole proprietà, il 71,5 % del totale, condivideva solo l'11 % del terreno. Il 40 % della popolazione rurale non aveva proprietà e l'80 % sperimentava condizioni di povertà: Basch (1943), p. 21. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Nel dopoguerra, tra un quinto e un sesto delle esportazioni ungheresi giungeva in Cecoslovacchia. Verso la metà degli anni '30, la percentuale scese al 5%: Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 179. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 170; Janos (1981), p. 206; Rothschild (1990), p. 167. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 170; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 56; Janos (1981), p. 206; Rothschild (1990), p. 156. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4. (EN) Andrew C. Janos, The Politics of Backwardness in Hungary: Dependence and Development on the European Periphery, 1825-1945, Princeton University Press, 1981, ISBN 978-06-91-10123-1. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Basch (1943), p. 20. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Kaiser (1980), p. 19; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 176. (EN) David E. Kaiser, Economic Diplomacy and the Origins of the Second World War: Germany, Britain, France and Eastern Europe, 1930-1939, Princeton University Press, 1980, ISBN 978-06-91-10101-9. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 173. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 174. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Sugar (1971), p. 75; Incze (1954), p. 35; Basch (1943), pp. 20-21. (EN) Peter F. Sugar, Native fascism in the Successor States, 1918-1945, ABC-Clio, 1971, ISBN 978-08-74-36074-5. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Incze (1954), pp. 51-52; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183; Rothschild (1990), p. 170. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 180; Rothschild (1990), p. 169. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Basch (1943), p. 27. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), pp. 27-28. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Berend e Ránki (1969), pp. 181-182. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Basch (1943), p. 52; Ferber (1983), p. 285; Rothschild (1990), pp. 168-169. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Katalin Ferber, The Domestic and International Equilibrium of the Hungarian Economy in the Years Following the Stabilization (1924–1931), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 29, n. 2-4, 1983, pp. 283-286. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Basch (1943), p. 51. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Juhász (1979), p. 93; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183; Rothschild (1990), p. 169; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 83. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP). (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Basch (1943), p. 51; Ferber (1983), p. 285; Juhász (1979), p. 93; Rothschild (1990), p. 169. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Katalin Ferber, The Domestic and International Equilibrium of the Hungarian Economy in the Years Following the Stabilization (1924–1931), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 29, n. 2-4, 1983, pp. 283-286. (EN) Gyula Juhász, Hungarian foreign policy, 1919-1945, Akadémiai Kiadó, 1979, ISBN 978-96-30-51882-6. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Basch (1943), p. 51; Ferber (1983), p. 285. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Katalin Ferber, The Domestic and International Equilibrium of the Hungarian Economy in the Years Following the Stabilization (1924–1931), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 29, n. 2-4, 1983, pp. 283-286.
Rothschild (1990), p. 169; Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 183. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Incze (1954), p. 4; Basch (1943), p. 52; Nagy-Talavera (1970), p. 85. (EN) M. Incze, The Conditions of the Masses in Hungary during the World Economic Crisis of 1929-1933, in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 3, n. 1-2, 1954, pp. 1-93. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Nicholas Nagy-Talavera, The Green Shirts and the Others: A History of Fascism in Hungary and Rumania, Hoover Institution publications, 1970, ISBN 978-08-17-91851-4.
Basch (1943), p. 52. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 54. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Berend e Ránki (1969), p. 180. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, Economic Problems of the Danube Region after the Break-Up of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, in Journal of Contemporary History, vol. 4, n. 3, 1969, pp. 169-185, ISSN 0022-0094 (WC · ACNP).
Basch (1943), pp. 48, 189. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 134. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 92. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), pp. 99, 189; Lorman (2005), p. 309. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Tom Lorman, Missed Opportunities? Hungarian Policy Towards Romania, 1932-1936, in The Slavonic and East European Review, vol. 83, n. 2, 2005, pp. 290-317.
Basch (1943), p. 176;Rothschild (1990), pp. 176-177. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Basch (1943), p. 189. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 100; Berend e Ránki (1961), p. 340; Basch (1943), p. 190. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Ivan Berend e György Ránki, German-Hungarian Relations Following Hitler's Rise to Power (1933-34), in Acta Historica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, vol. 8, n. 3-4, 1961, pp. 313-348. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 100. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 190. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), pp. 204, 206. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 222; Rothschild (1990), p. 177. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815. (EN) Joseph Rothschild, East Central Europe Between the Two World Wars, University of Washington Press, 1990, ISBN 978-02-95-95357-1.
Basch (1943), pp. 203-204, 207. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.
Basch (1943), p. 222. (EN) Antonín Basch, The Danube basin and the German economic sphere, Columbia University Press, 1943, OCLC 2226815.

yadvashem.org

(EN) Murder of Hungarian Jewry, su Yad Vashem. URL consultato il 12 agosto 2022.