Supergigante rossa (Italian Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "Supergigante rossa" in Italian language version.

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B. Zhang, M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, X. W. Zheng e A. Brunthaler, The distance and size of the red hypergiant NML Cygni from VLBA and VLA astrometry, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 544, 2012, A42, Bibcode:2012A&A...544A..42Z, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201219587, arXiv:1207.1850. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
Emily Levesque et al., The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not as Cool as We Thought, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 628, n. 2, 2005, pp. 973–985, Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L, DOI:10.1086/430901, arXiv:astro-ph/0504337.
A. Heger, N. Langer e S. E. Woosley, Presupernova Evolution of Rotating Massive Stars. I. Numerical Method and Evolution of the Internal Stellar Structure, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 528, 2000, pp. 368–396, Bibcode:2000ApJ...528..368H, DOI:10.1086/308158, arXiv:astro-ph/9904132. URL consultato il 28 dicembre 2018.
C. Ritossa, Physics of the blue-to-red and red-to-blue transitions in the evolution of massive stars - I. From blue to red, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 281, n. 3, 1996, pp. 970-976, Bibcode:1996MNRAS.281..970R, DOI:10.1093/mnras/281.3.970.
J. Th. Van Loon, M.-R. L. Cioni, A. A. Zijlstra e C. Loup, An empirical formula for the mass-loss rates of dust-enshrouded red supergiants and oxygen-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch stars, in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 438, 2005, pp. 273–289, Bibcode:2005A&A...438..273V, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20042555, arXiv:astro-ph/0504379.
(EN) C. Doherty et al., Super-AGB Stars and their Role as Electron Capture Supernova Progenitors, in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, vol. 34, 2017, pp. id.e056, Bibcode:2017PASA...34...56D, DOI:10.1017/pasa.2017.52. URL consultato il 28 novembre 2018.
M. A. T. Groenewegen, G. C. Sloan, I. Soszyński e E. A. Petersen, Luminosities and mass-loss rates of SMC and LMC AGB stars and red supergiants, in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 506, n. 3, 2009, pp. 1277–1296, Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1277G, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/200912678, arXiv:0908.3087.
Philip Massey e K. A. G. Olsen, he Evolution of Massive Stars. I. Red Supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 126, n. 6, 2003, pp. 2867-2886, Bibcode:2003AJ....126.2867M, DOI:10.1086/379558, arXiv:0309272.
Philip Massey et al., Red Supergiants in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 703, 2009, pp. 420–440, Bibcode:2009ApJ...703..420M, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/420, arXiv:0907.3767.
Nathan Smith et al., The Asymmetric Nebula Surrounding the Extreme Red Supergiant Vy Canis Majoris, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 121, n. 2, 2001, pp. 1111-1125, Bibcode:2001AJ....121.1111S, DOI:10.1086/318748.
L. L. Kiss, G. M. Szabo e T. R. Bedding, Variability in red supergiant stars: Pulsations, long secondary periods and convection noise, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 372, n. 4, 2006, pp. 1721–1734, Bibcode:2006MNRAS.372.1721K, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10973.x, arXiv:astro-ph/0608438. URL consultato l'8 novembre 2019.
C. Georgy, Yellow supergiants as supernova progenitors: An indication of strong mass loss for red supergiants?, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 538, 2012, p. L8, Bibcode:2012A&A...538L...8G, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201118372, arXiv:1111.7003. URL consultato il 13 novembre 2019.
A. M. S. Richards, J. A. Yates e R. J. Cohen, Maser mapping of small-scale structure in the circumstellar envelope of S Persei, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 306, n. 4, 1999, pp. 954–974, Bibcode:1999MNRAS.306..954R, DOI:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02606.x. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
L. Verheyen, M. Messineo e K. M. Menten, SiO maser emission from red supergiants across the Galaxy . I. Targets in massive star clusters, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 541, 2012, p. A36, Bibcode:2012A&A...541A..36V, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201118265, arXiv:1203.4727. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
G. Caron et al., The Lack of Blue Supergiants in NGC 7419, a Red Supergiant-rich Galactic Open Cluster with Rapidly Rotating Stars, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 126, n. 3, 2003, pp. 1415–1422, Bibcode:2003AJ....126.1415C, DOI:10.1086/377314. URL consultato l'11 dicembre 2019.

arxiv.org

B. Zhang, M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, X. W. Zheng e A. Brunthaler, The distance and size of the red hypergiant NML Cygni from VLBA and VLA astrometry, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 544, 2012, A42, Bibcode:2012A&A...544A..42Z, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201219587, arXiv:1207.1850. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
Emily Levesque et al., The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not as Cool as We Thought, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 628, n. 2, 2005, pp. 973–985, Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L, DOI:10.1086/430901, arXiv:astro-ph/0504337.
Georges Meynet et al., Red Supergiants, Luminous Blue Variables and Wolf-Rayet stars: the single massive star perspective (PDF), in Bulletin de la Societe Royale des Sciences de Liege, vol. 80, 2011, pp. 266-278, arXiv:1101.5873. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2018.
S. Ekström et al., Grids of stellar models with rotation. I. Models from 0.8 to 120 M_⊙ at solar metallicity (Z = 0.014), in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 537, 2012, pp. A146, Bibcode:2012A&A...537A.146E, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201117751, arXiv:1110.5049. URL consultato il 21 dicembre 2018.
A. Heger, N. Langer e S. E. Woosley, Presupernova Evolution of Rotating Massive Stars. I. Numerical Method and Evolution of the Internal Stellar Structure, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 528, 2000, pp. 368–396, Bibcode:2000ApJ...528..368H, DOI:10.1086/308158, arXiv:astro-ph/9904132. URL consultato il 28 dicembre 2018.
G. Meynet et al., Impact of mass-loss on the evolution and pre-supernova properties of red supergiants, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 575, 2015, p. A60, Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..60M, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201424671, arXiv:1410.8721.
M. Fraser et al., On the progenitor of the Type IIP SN 2013ej in M74, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, vol. 439, 2013, pp. L56-L60, Bibcode:2014MNRAS.439L..56F, DOI:10.1093/mnrasl/slt179, arXiv:1309.4268.
J. Th. Van Loon, M.-R. L. Cioni, A. A. Zijlstra e C. Loup, An empirical formula for the mass-loss rates of dust-enshrouded red supergiants and oxygen-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch stars, in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 438, 2005, pp. 273–289, Bibcode:2005A&A...438..273V, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20042555, arXiv:astro-ph/0504379.
M. A. T. Groenewegen, G. C. Sloan, I. Soszyński e E. A. Petersen, Luminosities and mass-loss rates of SMC and LMC AGB stars and red supergiants, in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 506, n. 3, 2009, pp. 1277–1296, Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1277G, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/200912678, arXiv:0908.3087.
A. J. T. Poelarends, F. Herwig, N. Langer e A. Heger, The Supernova Channel of Super‐AGB Stars, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 675, 2008, pp. 614–625, Bibcode:2008ApJ...675..614P, DOI:10.1086/520872, arXiv:0705.4643.
Philip Massey e K. A. G. Olsen, he Evolution of Massive Stars. I. Red Supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 126, n. 6, 2003, pp. 2867-2886, Bibcode:2003AJ....126.2867M, DOI:10.1086/379558, arXiv:0309272.
Philip Massey et al., Red Supergiants in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 703, 2009, pp. 420–440, Bibcode:2009ApJ...703..420M, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/420, arXiv:0907.3767.
L. L. Kiss, G. M. Szabo e T. R. Bedding, Variability in red supergiant stars: Pulsations, long secondary periods and convection noise, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 372, n. 4, 2006, pp. 1721–1734, Bibcode:2006MNRAS.372.1721K, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10973.x, arXiv:astro-ph/0608438. URL consultato l'8 novembre 2019.
C. Georgy, Yellow supergiants as supernova progenitors: An indication of strong mass loss for red supergiants?, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 538, 2012, p. L8, Bibcode:2012A&A...538L...8G, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201118372, arXiv:1111.7003. URL consultato il 13 novembre 2019.
Thomas Fok et al., Maser Observations of Westerlund 1 and Comprehensive Considerations on Maser Properties of Red Supergiants Associated with Massive Clusters, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 760, 2012, p. 65, Bibcode:2012ApJ...760...65F, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/65, arXiv:1209.6427. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
K. Kusuno et al., Distance and Proper Motion Measurement of the Red Supergiant, Pz Cas, in Very Long Baseline Interferometry H2O Maser Astrometry, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 774, n. 2, 2013, p. 107, Bibcode:2013ApJ...774..107K, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/107, arXiv:1308.3580. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
L. Verheyen, M. Messineo e K. M. Menten, SiO maser emission from red supergiants across the Galaxy . I. Targets in massive star clusters, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 541, 2012, p. A36, Bibcode:2012A&A...541A..36V, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201118265, arXiv:1203.4727. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
Catherine L. Slesnick, Lynne A. Hillenbrand e Philip Massey, The Star Formation History and Mass Function of the Double Cluster h and χ Persei, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 576, n. 2, 2002, pp. 880–893, Bibcode:2002ApJ...576..880S, DOI:10.1086/341865, arXiv:astro-ph/0205130. URL consultato l'11 dicembre 2019.
I. Negueruela et al., Red supergiants around the obscured open cluster Stephenson 2, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 547, 2012, p. A15, Bibcode:2012A&A...547A..15N, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201219540, arXiv:1208.3282. URL consultato il 12 dicembre 2019.
B. Davies et al., A newly discovered young massive star cluster at the far end of the Galactic Bar, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 419, n. 3, 2012, pp. 1860–1870, Bibcode:2012MNRAS.419.1860D, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19840.x, arXiv:1111.2630. URL consultato il 12 dicembre 2019.

books.google.com

Henny J. G. L. M. Lamers e Joseph P. Cassinelli, Introduction to Stellar Winds, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1999, p. 53, ISBN 978-0-521-59565-0. URL consultato il 12 dicembre 2018.
Ryan, Sean G.; Norton, Andrew J., Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis, Cambridge University Press, 2010, p. 135, ISBN 978-0-521-13320-3. URL consultato il 29 novembre 2018.

cam.ac.uk

people.ast.cam.ac.uk

M. Pettini, Post-Main Sequence Evolution II: Massive Stars (PDF), su Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge. URL consultato il 20 dicembre 2018.

doi.org

dx.doi.org

R. M. Humphreys e K. Davidson, Studies of luminous stars in nearby galaxies. III - Comments on the evolution of the most massive stars in the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud, in Astrophysical Journal, vol. 232, 1979, pp. 409-420, DOI:10.1086/157301. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
Cornelis De Jager, The yellow hypergiants, in Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, vol. 8, n. 3, 1998, pp. 145–180, Bibcode:1998A&ARv...8..145D, DOI:10.1007/s001590050009. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
B. Zhang, M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten e X. W. Zheng, Distance and Kinematics of the Red Hypergiant VY CMa: Very Long Baseline Array and Very Large Array Astrometry, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 744, 2012, 23, Bibcode:2012ApJ...744...23Z, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/744/1/23. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
B. Zhang, M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, X. W. Zheng e A. Brunthaler, The distance and size of the red hypergiant NML Cygni from VLBA and VLA astrometry, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 544, 2012, A42, Bibcode:2012A&A...544A..42Z, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201219587, arXiv:1207.1850. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
Emily Levesque et al., The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not as Cool as We Thought, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 628, n. 2, 2005, pp. 973–985, Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L, DOI:10.1086/430901, arXiv:astro-ph/0504337.
S. Ekström et al., Grids of stellar models with rotation. I. Models from 0.8 to 120 M_⊙ at solar metallicity (Z = 0.014), in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 537, 2012, pp. A146, Bibcode:2012A&A...537A.146E, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201117751, arXiv:1110.5049. URL consultato il 21 dicembre 2018.
C. Georgy, J.J. Eldridge, J.C. Bray, L.A.S. McClelland, L. Xiao, Evolution models of red supergiants, The Lives and Death-Throes of Massive Stars, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 28 luglio 2017, pp. 193-198, DOI:10.1017/S1743921317003179. URL consultato il 25 dicembre 2018.
A. Heger, N. Langer e S. E. Woosley, Presupernova Evolution of Rotating Massive Stars. I. Numerical Method and Evolution of the Internal Stellar Structure, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 528, 2000, pp. 368–396, Bibcode:2000ApJ...528..368H, DOI:10.1086/308158, arXiv:astro-ph/9904132. URL consultato il 28 dicembre 2018.
G. Meynet et al., Impact of mass-loss on the evolution and pre-supernova properties of red supergiants, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 575, 2015, p. A60, Bibcode:2015A&A...575A..60M, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201424671, arXiv:1410.8721.
C. Ritossa, Physics of the blue-to-red and red-to-blue transitions in the evolution of massive stars - I. From blue to red, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 281, n. 3, 1996, pp. 970-976, Bibcode:1996MNRAS.281..970R, DOI:10.1093/mnras/281.3.970.
M. Fraser et al., On the progenitor of the Type IIP SN 2013ej in M74, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters, vol. 439, 2013, pp. L56-L60, Bibcode:2014MNRAS.439L..56F, DOI:10.1093/mnrasl/slt179, arXiv:1309.4268.
S. E. Woosley, A. Heger e T. A. Weaver, The evolution and explosion of massive stars, in Reviews of Modern Physics, vol. 74, n. 4, 2002, pp. 1015–1071, Bibcode:2002RvMP...74.1015W, DOI:10.1103/RevModPhys.74.1015.
J. Th. Van Loon, M.-R. L. Cioni, A. A. Zijlstra e C. Loup, An empirical formula for the mass-loss rates of dust-enshrouded red supergiants and oxygen-rich Asymptotic Giant Branch stars, in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 438, 2005, pp. 273–289, Bibcode:2005A&A...438..273V, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361:20042555, arXiv:astro-ph/0504379.
Ben Davies et al., The Temperatures of Red Supegiants, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 767, n. 1, 2013, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/767/1/3. URL consultato il 18 novembre 2019.
(EN) C. Doherty et al., Super-AGB Stars and their Role as Electron Capture Supernova Progenitors, in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia, vol. 34, 2017, pp. id.e056, Bibcode:2017PASA...34...56D, DOI:10.1017/pasa.2017.52. URL consultato il 28 novembre 2018.
M. A. T. Groenewegen, G. C. Sloan, I. Soszyński e E. A. Petersen, Luminosities and mass-loss rates of SMC and LMC AGB stars and red supergiants, in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 506, n. 3, 2009, pp. 1277–1296, Bibcode:2009A&A...506.1277G, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/200912678, arXiv:0908.3087.
A. J. T. Poelarends, F. Herwig, N. Langer e A. Heger, The Supernova Channel of Super‐AGB Stars, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 675, 2008, pp. 614–625, Bibcode:2008ApJ...675..614P, DOI:10.1086/520872, arXiv:0705.4643.
Philip Massey e K. A. G. Olsen, he Evolution of Massive Stars. I. Red Supergiants in the Magellanic Clouds, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 126, n. 6, 2003, pp. 2867-2886, Bibcode:2003AJ....126.2867M, DOI:10.1086/379558, arXiv:0309272.
Philip Massey et al., Red Supergiants in the Andromeda Galaxy (M31), in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 703, 2009, pp. 420–440, Bibcode:2009ApJ...703..420M, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/703/1/420, arXiv:0907.3767.
Nathan Smith et al., The Asymmetric Nebula Surrounding the Extreme Red Supergiant Vy Canis Majoris, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 121, n. 2, 2001, pp. 1111-1125, Bibcode:2001AJ....121.1111S, DOI:10.1086/318748.
L. L. Kiss, G. M. Szabo e T. R. Bedding, Variability in red supergiant stars: Pulsations, long secondary periods and convection noise, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 372, n. 4, 2006, pp. 1721–1734, Bibcode:2006MNRAS.372.1721K, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10973.x, arXiv:astro-ph/0608438. URL consultato l'8 novembre 2019.
Martin Schwarzschild, On the scale of photospheric convection in red giants and supergiants, in Astrophysical Journal, vol. 195, 1975, pp. 137–144, Bibcode:1975ApJ...195..137S, DOI:10.1086/153313. URL consultato il 9 novembre 2019.
C. Georgy, Yellow supergiants as supernova progenitors: An indication of strong mass loss for red supergiants?, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 538, 2012, p. L8, Bibcode:2012A&A...538L...8G, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201118372, arXiv:1111.7003. URL consultato il 13 novembre 2019.
Thomas Fok et al., Maser Observations of Westerlund 1 and Comprehensive Considerations on Maser Properties of Red Supergiants Associated with Massive Clusters, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 760, 2012, p. 65, Bibcode:2012ApJ...760...65F, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/760/1/65, arXiv:1209.6427. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
A. M. S. Richards, J. A. Yates e R. J. Cohen, Maser mapping of small-scale structure in the circumstellar envelope of S Persei, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 306, n. 4, 1999, pp. 954–974, Bibcode:1999MNRAS.306..954R, DOI:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02606.x. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
K. Kusuno et al., Distance and Proper Motion Measurement of the Red Supergiant, Pz Cas, in Very Long Baseline Interferometry H2O Maser Astrometry, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 774, n. 2, 2013, p. 107, Bibcode:2013ApJ...774..107K, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/774/2/107, arXiv:1308.3580. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
L. Verheyen, M. Messineo e K. M. Menten, SiO maser emission from red supergiants across the Galaxy . I. Targets in massive star clusters, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 541, 2012, p. A36, Bibcode:2012A&A...541A..36V, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201118265, arXiv:1203.4727. URL consultato il 23 novembre 2019.
Catherine L. Slesnick, Lynne A. Hillenbrand e Philip Massey, The Star Formation History and Mass Function of the Double Cluster h and χ Persei, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 576, n. 2, 2002, pp. 880–893, Bibcode:2002ApJ...576..880S, DOI:10.1086/341865, arXiv:astro-ph/0205130. URL consultato l'11 dicembre 2019.
G. Caron et al., The Lack of Blue Supergiants in NGC 7419, a Red Supergiant-rich Galactic Open Cluster with Rapidly Rotating Stars, in The Astronomical Journal, vol. 126, n. 3, 2003, pp. 1415–1422, Bibcode:2003AJ....126.1415C, DOI:10.1086/377314. URL consultato l'11 dicembre 2019.
I. Negueruela et al., Red supergiants around the obscured open cluster Stephenson 2, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 547, 2012, p. A15, Bibcode:2012A&A...547A..15N, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201219540, arXiv:1208.3282. URL consultato il 12 dicembre 2019.
B. Davies et al., A newly discovered young massive star cluster at the far end of the Galactic Bar, in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 419, n. 3, 2012, pp. 1860–1870, Bibcode:2012MNRAS.419.1860D, DOI:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19840.x, arXiv:1111.2630. URL consultato il 12 dicembre 2019.

harvard.edu

adsabs.harvard.edu

R. M. Humphreys e K. Davidson, Studies of luminous stars in nearby galaxies. III - Comments on the evolution of the most massive stars in the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud, in Astrophysical Journal, vol. 232, 1979, pp. 409-420, DOI:10.1086/157301. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
J. R. Percy e E. Zsoldos, Photometry of yellow semiregular variables - HR 8752 (= V509 Cassiopeiae), in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 263, 1992, pp. 123-128, Bibcode:1992A&A...263..123P. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
L. Achmad, H. J. G. L. M. Lamers, H. Nieuwenhuijzen e A. M. Van Genderen, A photometric study of the G0-4 Ia(+) hypergiant HD 96918 (V382 Carinae), in Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 259, 1992, pp. 600-606, Bibcode:1992A&A...259..600A. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
Cornelis De Jager, The yellow hypergiants, in Astronomy and Astrophysics Review, vol. 8, n. 3, 1998, pp. 145–180, Bibcode:1998A&ARv...8..145D, DOI:10.1007/s001590050009. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
B. Zhang, M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten e X. W. Zheng, Distance and Kinematics of the Red Hypergiant VY CMa: Very Long Baseline Array and Very Large Array Astrometry, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 744, 2012, 23, Bibcode:2012ApJ...744...23Z, DOI:10.1088/0004-637X/744/1/23. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
B. Zhang, M. J. Reid, K. M. Menten, X. W. Zheng e A. Brunthaler, The distance and size of the red hypergiant NML Cygni from VLBA and VLA astrometry, in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 544, 2012, A42, Bibcode:2012A&A...544A..42Z, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201219587, arXiv:1207.1850. URL consultato il 16 dicembre 2018.
Emily Levesque et al., The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not as Cool as We Thought, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 628, n. 2, 2005, pp. 973–985, Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L, DOI:10.1086/430901, arXiv:astro-ph/0504337.
S. Ekström et al., Grids of stellar models with rotation. I. Models from 0.8 to 120 M_⊙ at solar metallicity (Z = 0.014), in Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 537, 2012, pp. A146, Bibcode:2012A&A...537A.146E, DOI:10.1051/0004-6361/201117751, arXiv:1110.5049. URL consultato il 21 dicembre 2018.
C. Georgy, J.J. Eldridge, J.C. Bray, L.A.S. McClelland, L. Xiao, Evolution models of red supergiants, The Lives and Death-Throes of Massive Stars, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 28 luglio 2017, pp. 193-198, DOI:10.1017/S1743921317003179. URL consultato il 25 dicembre 2018.
A. Heger, N. Langer e S. E. Woosley, Presupernova Evolution of Rotating Massive Stars. I. Numerical Method and Evolution of the Internal Stellar Structure, in The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 528, 2000, pp. 368–396, Bibcode:2000ApJ...528..368H, DOI:10.1086/308158, arXiv:astro-ph/9904132. URL consultato il 28 dicembre 2018.
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