Jay Mark, Black history more readily available with curator's book, in The Arizona Republic, Tucson, Arizona, 21 febbraio 2014, p. Z10. Ospitato su Newspapers.com.
«Blacks were slow to settle in Arizona. At the time of Tempe's founding in 1871, only 155 were recorded throughout the territory. ... For its first 90 years, Tempe was considered a 'sundown town' where Blacks were welcomed for agricultural and other daily labors. But they were encouraged to live elsewhere.»