Ayers, n.d. Ayers, J. UConn EE 215 notes for lecture 4. Harvard University faculty web page. Archive of web page from University of Connecticut. n.d. Retrieved 17 September 2008.
Paul Horowitz and Winfield Hill, The Art of Electronics 2nd Ed. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1989 ISBN 0-521-37095-7 page 970 ...CMOS devices consume power proportional to ther switching frequency...At their maximum operating frequency they may use more power than equivalent bipolar TTL devices.