Ozgan, Konstantin (1998). “Abkhazia: Problems and the Paths to their Resolution”. In Ole Høiris, Sefa Martin Yürükel. Contrasts and Solutions in the Caucasus. Aarhus University Press. p. 184. ISBN978-87-7288-708-1. http://www.abkhazalliance.com/ozganp.html. "[...] Apsny, which when translated, means 'Land of the Abkhazians [Mortals]' [...] See Chirikba (1991) for the etymology deriving the Abkhazian native ethnonym from the root 'die' in the sense of 'mortal being'. The popular belief that the toponym is etymologisable as 'Land of the Soul' is demonstrated by Chirikba to be no longer tenable."
