“Mass shootings so far this year almost reach 2018 levels”. AP NEWS (2019年8月8日). 2021年3月26日閲覧。 “"The AP/USA Today/Northeastern database shows that many mass shootings are committed by a certain demographic: young, white men. Most mass shootings in the U.S. are carried out by men, with white men making up nearly 50 percent of the shooters, the database shows."”
“The Mental Health Impact of Mass Shootings”. Brady: United Against Gun Violence. 2022年6月15日閲覧。 “Brady defines a mass shooting as a shooting incident in which four or more people, other than the shooter, are shot. Brady uses this definition so as not to "exclude, set apart, caveat, or differentiate victims based upon the circumstances in which they were shot."”
Radford, Benjamin (2019年5月31日). “Who Are Mass Shooters? Mass Shooter Demographics”. Center for Inquiry. 2021年3月30日閲覧。 “The topic of mass shootings is fraught not only with political agendas but also with rampant misinformation. Facile comparisons and snarky memes dominate social media, crowding out objective, evidence-based evidence and analysis. This is effective for scoring political points but wholly counterproductive for understanding the nature of the problem and its broader issues.”
Banks v. Horn, 99-9005 (United States Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit October 31, 2001) (“On September 25, 1982 in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, Banks shot fourteen people with a Colt AR-15 semi-automatic rifle, killing thirteen and wounding one.”).
513 Pa. 318 (Supreme Court of Pennsylvania 1987) (“In the space of about one hour, appellant shot fourteen people with a Colt AR-15 semi-automatic rifle, killing thirteen and wounding one.”).
Follman, Mark. “What Exactly Is A Mass Shooting”. Mother Jones. 2015年8月9日閲覧。 “In January 2013, a mandate for federal investigation of mass shootings authorized by President Barack Obama lowered that baseline to three or more victims killed.”
Engber, Daniel (2017年10月6日). “What the White Mass-Shooter Myth Gets Right and Wrong About Killers' Demographics” (英語). Slate Magazine. 2019年8月4日閲覧。 “"roughly 70 percent of the shooters in mass killings were white—certainly a majority. But according to Census Bureau estimates for 2012, whites accounted for 73.9 percent of all Americans" "men are even more overrepresented among mass shooters and mass killers than they are among “normal” killers"”
Sauer, Patrick (2015年10月14日). “The Story of the First Mass Murder in U.S. History”. Smithsonian Institution. 2022年6月17日閲覧。 “He went into his apartment, uncased his German Luger P08, a 9mm pistol he'd purchased at a sporting goods store in Philadelphia for $37.50, and secured it with two clips and 33 loose cartridges.”
