オーク (トールキン) (Japanese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "オーク (トールキン)" in Japanese language version.

refsWebsite

Global rank Japanese rank

21wikipedia.org

low place

low place

20books.google.com

3^rd place

61^st place

low place

low place

1theonering.net

6,531^st place

low place

books.google.com

Kemball-Cook, Jessica (February 1977). “Three Notes on Names in Tolkien and Lewis”. Mythprint 15 (2): 2.
Rose, Carol (2001). “Orc”. Spirits, Fairies, Gnomes, and Goblins: An Encyclopedia of the Little People. ABC-CLIO. p. 249. ISBN 9780874368116
Tolkien, J. R. R. (1988). “Queer Lodgings”. In Anderson, Douglas Allen. The Annotated Hobbit: The Hobbit, Or, There and Back Again. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 149, n9. ISBN 9780395476901
Gilliver, Peter; Marshall, Jeremy; Weiner, Edmund (2009). “Part III. Word Studies. Orc.”. The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. pp. 174–175. ISBN 9780199568369
"Orc" Oxford English Dictionary ≈ "orc", Murray, J. A. H. ed. (1909) A New English Dictionary on Historical Principle, Vol. VII, Part II. p. 177.
Frank, Roberta (1997), “Old English Orc 'cup, goblet': a Latin Loanword with Attitude”, in Roberts, Jane; Nelson, Janet Laughland; Godden, Malcolm, Alfred the Wise: Studies in Honour of Janet Bately on the Occasion of Her Sixty-fifth Birthday, Boydell & Brewer Ltd, pp. 20, ISBN 9780859915151
Karthaus-Hunt, Beatrix (2002), “‘And What Happened After’: How J.R.R. Tolkien Visualized, and Other Artists Re-Visualized, the Denizens of Middle-earth”, in Westfahl, Gary; Slusser, George Edgar; Plummer, Kathleen Church, Unearthly Visions: Approaches to Science Fiction and Fantasy Art, Greenwood Press, pp. 138n, ISBN 0313317054
Bratman, David (2006), Hammond, Wayne G.; Scull, Christina, eds., “The Artistry of Omissions and Revisions in The Lord of the Rings”, The Lord of the Rings, 1954-2004: Scholarship in Honor of Richard E. Blackwelder (Marquette University Press): p. 125, ISBN 9780874620184
Honegger, Thomas (2011), Fisher, Jason, ed., “The Rohirrim: ’Anglo-Saxons on Horseback'? An Inquiry into Tolkien's Use of Sources”, Tolkien and the Study of His Sources: Critical Essa (McFarland): p. 120, ISBN 9780786487288
Tolkien, J. R. R. (2001). “Appendix F. Orcs and Black Speech.”. The Lord of the Rings III: The Return of the King. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 409. ISBN 9780618154005
Weiner, E. S. C.; Marshall, Jeremy (2011). Adams, Michael. ed. Tolkien's Invented Languages. Oxford University Press. p. 85. ISBN 9780191631603
Drout, Michael D. C. [in 英語] (2007). "Biology of Middle -Earth". J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment. Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 9780415969420。
Foster (2001) s.v. "Uruk, uruks"⇒"Uru-hai". p. 513 Foster, Robert [in 英語] (2001). The Complete Guide to Middle-earth: Tolkien's World in The Lord of the Rings and Beyond. Random House Worlds. ISBN 9780345449764。
Day (1993) "Snaga", p. 220 Day, David [in 英語] (1993). Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopaedia. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780684839790。
- Day (1993) "Dunland" p. 58; "Gondor Men", p. 108. Day, David [in 英語] (1993). Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopaedia. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780684839790。
  - Day (1993) "Orcs", pp. 214–217 Day, David [in 英語] (1993). Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopaedia. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780684839790。
    - Gilliver, Marshall & Weiner (2009). Part III. Word Studies. Wolf-Riders, p. 219.
    - デイ (1994)『指輪物語事典』^{[要ページ番号]}、Day (2013). "Wargs", p. 247.
    - Chausse, Jean (2016). Qadri, Jean-Philippe; Sainton, Jérôme. eds. Le pouvoir féminin en Arda　. Le Dragon de Brume. p. 160, n7. ISBN 9782953989649
    - Lindow, John (2001). Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press. p. 110. ISBN 0-19-515382-0

theonering.net

greenbooks.theonering.net

Letter dated 21 October 1963 to Ms. Munsby. apud Gee, Henry. “The Science of Middle-earth: Sex and the Single Orc”. TheOneRing.net. 29 May 2009閲覧。

tolkien.ro

Tolkien, J. R. R. (2005). Hammond, Wayne G.; Scull, Christina. eds. Nomenclature of The Lord of the Rings. New York City: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-720907-1

wikipedia.org

en.wikipedia.org

ちなみにトールキンの『サンタ・クロースからの手紙』（英語版）に登場するゴブリンは、オークでないかという推察もある^[47]。
Tolkien, J. R. R. (1988). “Queer Lodgings”. In Anderson, Douglas Allen. The Annotated Hobbit: The Hobbit, Or, There and Back Again. Houghton Mifflin Company. p. 149, n9. ISBN 9780395476901
Gilliver, Peter; Marshall, Jeremy; Weiner, Edmund (2009). “Part III. Word Studies. Orc.”. The Ring of Words: Tolkien and the Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press. pp. 174–175. ISBN 9780199568369
トールキン書簡（ナオミ・ミッチソン（英語版）宛て。Tolkien, letter #144、25 April 1954付^[10]
トールキン書簡（ナオミ・ミッチソン宛て。Tolkien, letter #144、25 April 1954付）より抜粋:
I originally took the word from Old English orc (Beowulf 112 orc-neas and the gloss orc: þyrs ('ogre'), heldeofol ('hell-devil')). This is supposed not to be connected with modern English orc, ork, a name applied to various sea-beasts of the dolphin order".^[14]^[15]
"Orc" Oxford English Dictionary ≈ "orc", Murray, J. A. H. ed. (1909) A New English Dictionary on Historical Principle, Vol. VII, Part II. p. 177.
Frank, Roberta (1997), “Old English Orc 'cup, goblet': a Latin Loanword with Attitude”, in Roberts, Jane; Nelson, Janet Laughland; Godden, Malcolm, Alfred the Wise: Studies in Honour of Janet Bately on the Occasion of Her Sixty-fifth Birthday, Boydell & Brewer Ltd, pp. 20, ISBN 9780859915151
Tolkien, J. R. R. (2005). Hammond, Wayne G.; Scull, Christina. eds. Nomenclature of The Lord of the Rings. New York City: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-00-720907-1
Karthaus-Hunt, Beatrix (2002), “‘And What Happened After’: How J.R.R. Tolkien Visualized, and Other Artists Re-Visualized, the Denizens of Middle-earth”, in Westfahl, Gary; Slusser, George Edgar; Plummer, Kathleen Church, Unearthly Visions: Approaches to Science Fiction and Fantasy Art, Greenwood Press, pp. 138n, ISBN 0313317054
Chance, Jane (2016). “Tolkien's 'Beowulf' Teaching Translation”. In Anderson, Douglas Allen. Tolkien, Self and Other: "This Queer Creature". Springer. p. 194. ISBN 9781137398963. "Tolkien apparently did not want to translate 'ylfe' as elves, similarly cursed, beings over whom he may have felt proprietorial given his Silmarillion mythology"
Bratman, David (2006), Hammond, Wayne G.; Scull, Christina, eds., “The Artistry of Omissions and Revisions in The Lord of the Rings”, The Lord of the Rings, 1954-2004: Scholarship in Honor of Richard E. Blackwelder (Marquette University Press): p. 125, ISBN 9780874620184
Honegger, Thomas (2011), Fisher, Jason, ed., “The Rohirrim: ’Anglo-Saxons on Horseback'? An Inquiry into Tolkien's Use of Sources”, Tolkien and the Study of His Sources: Critical Essa (McFarland): p. 120, ISBN 9780786487288
Tolkien, J. R. R. (2001). “Appendix F. Orcs and Black Speech.”. The Lord of the Rings III: The Return of the King. Boston: Houghton Mifflin. p. 409. ISBN 9780618154005
Tolkien (1994d), The History of Middle-earth, Appendix III. apud Widdicombe (2019), p. 77.
Weiner, E. S. C.; Marshall, Jeremy (2011). Adams, Michael. ed. Tolkien's Invented Languages. Oxford University Press. p. 85. ISBN 9780191631603
Drout, Michael D. C. [in 英語] (2007). "Biology of Middle -Earth". J.R.R. Tolkien Encyclopedia: Scholarship and Critical Assessment. Routledge. p. 66. ISBN 9780415969420。
Foster (2001) s.v. "Uruk, uruks"⇒"Uru-hai". p. 513 Foster, Robert [in 英語] (2001). The Complete Guide to Middle-earth: Tolkien's World in The Lord of the Rings and Beyond. Random House Worlds. ISBN 9780345449764。
Day (1993) "Snaga", p. 220 Day, David [in 英語] (1993). Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopaedia. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780684839790。
- Day (1993) "Dunland" p. 58; "Gondor Men", p. 108. Day, David [in 英語] (1993). Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopaedia. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780684839790。
  - Day (1993) "Orcs", pp. 214–217 Day, David [in 英語] (1993). Tolkien: The Illustrated Encyclopaedia. Simon and Schuster. ISBN 9780684839790。
    - Lindow, John (2001). Norse Mythology: A Guide to the Gods, Heroes, Rituals, and Beliefs. Oxford University Press. p. 110. ISBN 0-19-515382-0