W. Christopher Wozencraft, "Order Carnivora," Mammal Species of the World, (3rd ed.), Don E. Wilson & DeeAnn M. Reeder (ed.), Volume 1, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2005, Pages 532-628.
Quigley, H., Foster, R., Petracca, L., Payan, E., Salom, R. & Harmsen, B. 2017. Panthera onca (errata version published in 2018). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T15953A123791436. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2017-3.RLTS.T15953A50658693.en. Downloaded on 08 May 2020.
Kevin L. Seymour, "Panthera onca," Mammalian Species, No. 340, American Society of Mammalogists, 1989, Pages 1-9.
UNEP (2020). Panthera onca. The Species+ Website. Nairobi, Kenya. Compiled by UNEP-WCMC, Cambridge, UK. Available at: www.speciesplus.net. (downroad 08/05/2020)