Bernd Krysmanski, "Evidence for the homosexuality and the anal erotic desires of the Prussian king", in Does Hogarth Depict Old Fritz Truthfully with a Crooked Beak? – The Pictures Familiar to Us from Pesne to Menzel Don’t Show This, ART-dok (University of Heidelberg: arthistoricum.net, 2022), pp. 24–30. https://doi.org/10.11588/artdok.00008019
Vogtherr, Christoph Martin (2001). “Absent Love in Pleasure Houses. Frederick II of Prussia as Art Collector and patron”. Art History24 (2): 231–246. doi:10.1111/1467-8365.00262. ISSN0141-6790. PMID18751326.
Steakley, James D. (1988). “Sodomy in Enlightenment Prussia: From Execution to Suicide”. Journal of Homosexuality16 (1–2): 163–175. doi:10.1300/J082v16n01_09. PMID3069916.
Bernd Krysmanski, "William Hogarth is the only artist who shows the gay Fritz truthfully with a brown complexion and an aquiline nose"", in Does Hogarth Depict Old Fritz Truthfully with a Crooked Beak? – The Pictures Familiar to Us from Pesne to Menzel Don’t Show This, ART-dok (University of Heidelberg: arthistoricum.net, 2022), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.11588/artdok.00008019
Vogtherr, Christoph Martin (2001). “Absent Love in Pleasure Houses. Frederick II of Prussia as Art Collector and patron”. Art History24 (2): 231–246. doi:10.1111/1467-8365.00262. ISSN0141-6790. PMID18751326.
Steakley, James D. (1988). “Sodomy in Enlightenment Prussia: From Execution to Suicide”. Journal of Homosexuality16 (1–2): 163–175. doi:10.1300/J082v16n01_09. PMID3069916.
War Friedrich schwul oder nur not-homosexuell?, Die Welt, 23 January 2012. Eva Ziebura is a biographer of his brother Prince Henry: Eva Ziebura: Prinz Heinrich von Preußen. Biographie (in German), publisher; Aufbau-Taschenbuch-Verlag, Berlin, 496 pages, 2004, ISBN3746617707
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Eva Ziebura, Prinz Heinrich von Preußen (Berlin: Stapp, 1999), pp. 44–48. The "handsome Marwitz" is presumably identical to the member of the von der Marwitz family mentioned on the Rheinsberg obelisk (without mentioning his first name) as "quartermaster in the king's army" with the life span 1724–1759.
Goethe, cited in the foreword to the German translation of Voltaire's memoirs: Voltaire über den König von Preußen, Memoiren (Voltaire on the King of Prussia, Memoirs), edited and translated by Anneliese Botond, publisher de:Insel Verlag, Frankfurt/M. 1981 (First edition 1967), p. 28
Vogtherr, Christoph Martin (2001). “Absent Love in Pleasure Houses. Frederick II of Prussia as Art Collector and patron”. Art History24 (2): 231–246. doi:10.1111/1467-8365.00262. ISSN0141-6790. PMID18751326.