N. Ghtobi, M. Morishita, A. Ohtsuru, S. Yamashita (2005). “Evidence-based guidelines needed on the use of CT scanning in Japan” (PDF). Japan Medical Association Journal48 (9): 451-457. http://www.med.or.jp/english/pdf/2005_09/451_457.pdf. "The increase of the dose of medical radiation in recent years has been caused by increase of the dose of CT scanning and high frequency of its use.Therefore, trial for lowering of the exposure dose of medical radiation has been conducted through guidelines or recommendations."
N. Ghtobi, M. Morishita, A. Ohtsuru, S. Yamashita (2005). “Evidence-based guidelines needed on the use of CT scanning in Japan” (PDF). Japan Medical Association Journal48 (9): 451-457. http://www.med.or.jp/english/pdf/2005_09/451_457.pdf. "Our own survey on CT scanning usage in Nagasaki University Hospital ( unpublished data) suggests that factors other than private economic gains may be responsible for overuse of CT in Japan, such as a lack of guidelines on clinical management and decision making, patients' expectations and physicians' over-reliance on high-tech imagery rather than clinical observation, which will be discussed further in our example of management of minor head trauma in children."
N. Ghtobi, M. Morishita, A. Ohtsuru, S. Yamashita (2005). “Evidence-based guidelines needed on the use of CT scanning in Japan”. Japan Medical Association Journal48 (9): 451-457. http://www.med.or.jp/english/pdf/2005_09/451_457.pdf. "About 3% (1.140.000) of all CT scans were performed on children (14 years old or less). 62% of which were performed on males; in comparison in those 15 years old and more, 54% were done on males. Eighty two percent of these examinations were head CT scans, compared with only 39% in the age group ≧15. Although “head” CT scans were the most common CT procedure, abdominal organs received the highest total collective doses in CT scans (Fig. 4)."
