Andreas, Jacob, Andreas Vlachos, and Stephen Clark (2013). "Semantic parsing as machine translation". Proceedings of the 51st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 2: Short Papers).
Devlin, Jacob; Chang, Ming-Wei; Lee, Kenton; Toutanova, Kristina (10 October 2018). "BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding". arXiv:1810.04805 [cs.CL]。
Mikolov, Tomas; Chen, Kai; Corrado, Greg; Dean, Jeffrey (2013). "Efficient estimation of word representations in vector space". arXiv:1301.3781 [cs.CL]。
Ponte, Jay M.; Croft, W. Bruce (1998). A language modeling approach to information retrieval. Proceedings of the 21st ACM SIGIR Conference. Melbourne, Australia: ACM. pp. 275–281. doi:10.1145/290941.291008。
Hiemstra, Djoerd (1998). A linguistically motivated probabilistically model of information retrieval. Proceedings of the 2nd European conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries. LNCS, Springer. pp. 569–584. doi:10.1007/3-540-49653-X_34。
Karlgren, Jussi; Schutze, Hinrich (2015), “Evaluating Learning Language Representations”, International Conference of the Cross-Language Evaluation Forum, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Springer International Publishing, pp. 254–260, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64206-2_8, ISBN9783319642055
Aghaebrahimian, Ahmad (2017), “Quora Question Answer Dataset”, Text, Speech, and Dialogue, Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 10415, Springer International Publishing, pp. 66–73, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-64206-2_8, ISBN9783319642055
