銀河の一覧 (Japanese Wikipedia)

Analysis of information sources in references of the Wikipedia article "銀河の一覧" in Japanese language version.

refsWebsite

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49harvard.edu

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35doi.org

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20arxiv.org

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6caltech.edu

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6nasa.gov

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5newscientist.com

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5seds.org

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4skyandtelescope.com

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3archive.is

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3bbc.co.uk

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3nytimes.com

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2google.co.jp

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2eso.org

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2nature.com

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1universetoday.com

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1cornell.edu

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aao.gov.au

31/01/02 ; DAZLE NEAR IR NARROW BAND IMAGER (PDF, 570 KB) ; DAZLE-IoA-Doc-0002

abc.net.au

ABC News, Found! Oldest galaxy pile-up, Wednesday, 9 April 2008

archive.is

bNet, Ablaze from afar: astronomers may have identified the most distant "blazar" yet, Sept, 2004
Science News, Farthest galaxy is cosmic question - 0902+34 April 23, 1988
Science News, Two distant galaxies provide new puzzles - 4c 41.17, B2 09021+34, November 14, 1992

arxiv.org

Sun; Donahue; Voit (2007). "H-alpha tail, intracluster HII regions and star-formation: ESO137-001 in Abell 3627". arXiv:0706.1220 [astro-ph]。
Brunthaler, A.; et al. (2000). Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters 357: 45. arXiv:astro-ph/0004256. Bibcode: 2000A&A...357L..45B.
Romani; David Sowards-Emmerd; Lincoln Greenhill; Peter Michelson (2004). “Q0906+6930: The Highest-Redshift Blazar”. The Astrophysical Journal 610: L9-L11. arXiv:astro-ph/0406252. Bibcode: 2004ApJ...610L...9R. doi:10.1086/423201.
Rodriguez Zaurin, J.; Tadhunter, C. N.; Gonzalez Delgado, R. M. (2008). “Optical spectroscopy of Arp220: the star formation history of the closest ULIRG”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 384 (3): 875. arXiv:0711.0166. Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.384..875R. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12658.x.
Grebel (2000). “Star Clusters in Local Group Galaxies”. , "Massive Stellar Clusters", ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. , eds. A. Lancon & C. Boily (Provo:ASP) 2000 (211): 262-269. arXiv:astro-ph/9912529. Bibcode: 2000ASPC..211..262G.
Lehnert, M. D.; Nesvadba, N. P. H.; Cuby, J.-G.; Swinbank, A. M.; Morris, S.; Clement, B.; Evans, C. J.; Bremer, M. N. et al. (2010). “Spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy at redshift z = 8.6”. Nature 467 (7318): 940-942. arXiv:1010.4312. Bibcode: 2010Natur.467..940L. doi:10.1038/nature09462. PMID 20962840.
Capak, Peter; Carilli, C. L.; Lee, N.; Aldcroft, T.; Aussel, H.; Schinnerer, E.; Wilson, G. W.; Yun, M. S. et al. (2008). “Spectroscopic Confirmation of an Extreme Starburst at Redshift 4.547”. The Astrophysical Journal 681 (2): L53-L56. arXiv:0806.0657. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...681L..53C. doi:10.1086/590555.
Yoshi Taniguchi (2008). “Star Forming Galaxies at z > 5”. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3. arXiv:0804.0644. doi:10.1017/S1743921308020796.
Kodaira; Taniguchi; Kashikawa; Kaifu; Ando; Karoji (2003). "The Discovery of Two Lyman-α Emitters Beyond Redshift 6 in the Subaru Deep Field". arXiv:astro-ph/0301096。
Hu, E. M.; Cowie, L. L.; McMahon, R. G.; Capak, P.; Iwamuro, F.; Kneib, J.-P.; Maihara, T.; Motohara, K. (2002). “A Redshift [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC]?=-6.56 Galaxy behind the Cluster Abell 370”. The Astrophysical Journal 568 (2): L75-L79. arXiv:astro-ph/0203091. Bibcode: 2002ApJ...568L..75H. doi:10.1086/340424.
Hu, Esther M.; McMahon, Richard G.; Cowie, Lennox L. (1999). “An Extremely Luminous Galaxy at [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC] = 5.74”. The Astrophysical Journal 522: L9-L12. arXiv:astro-ph/9907079. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...522L...9H. doi:10.1086/312205.
Arjun Dey; Hyron Spinrad; Daniel Stern; Graham; Chaffee (1998). "A Galaxy at z=5.34". arXiv:astro-ph/9803137。
Franx, Marijn; Illingworth, Garth D.; Kelson, Daniel D.; Van Dokkum, Pieter G.; Tran, Kim-Vy (1997). “A Pair of Lensed Galaxies at [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC] = 4.92 in the Field of CL 1358+62”. The Astrophysical Journal 486 (2): L75-L78. arXiv:astro-ph/9704090. Bibcode: 1997ApJ...486L..75F. doi:10.1086/310844.
Wil van Breugel; Carlos De Breuck; Adam Stanford; Huub Rottgering; George Miley; Daniel Stern; Dante Minniti; Chris Carilli (1999). "Ultra-Steep Spectrum Radio Galaxies at Hy Redshifts". arXiv:astro-ph/9910311。
Hyron Spinrad; Arjun Dey; Graham (1995). “Keck Observations of the Most Distant Galaxy: 8C1435+63 at z=4.25”. The Astrophysical Journal 438: L51. arXiv:astro-ph/9411007. Bibcode: 1995ApJ...438L..51S. doi:10.1086/187713.
Paola Mazzei; Gianfranco De Zotti (1995). "Dust in High Redshift Radio Galaxies and the Early Evolution of Spheroidal Galaxies". arXiv:astro-ph/9509108。
Hsiao-Wen Chen; Lanzetta; Sebastian Pascarelle; Noriaki Yahata (2000). "The Unusual Spectral Energy Distribution of a Galaxy Previously Reported to be at Redshift 6.68". arXiv:astro-ph/0011558。
Hu; McMahon (1996). “Detection of Lyman-alpha Emitting Galaxies at Redshift z=4.55”. Nature 382 (6588): 231-233. arXiv:astro-ph/9606135. Bibcode: 1996Natur.382..231H. doi:10.1038/382231a0.
Wampler, E. J.; et al. (1996). Astronomy & Astrophysics 316: 33. arXiv:astro-ph/9512084. Bibcode: 1996A&A...316...33W.
Cooke, Jeff; Barton, Elizabeth J.; Bullock, James S.; Stewart, Kyle R.; Wolfe, Arthur M. (2008). “A Candidate Brightest Protocluster Galaxy atz= 3.03”. The Astrophysical Journal 681 (2): L57-L60. arXiv:0803.3808. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...681L..57C. doi:10.1086/590406.

asj.or.jp

pasj.asj.or.jp

PASJ: Publ. Astron. Soc. Japan 57, 165-182, February 25, 2005; The SUBARU Deep Field Project: Lymanα Emitters at a Redshift of 6.6

astronomy-mall.com

Barbara Wilson & Larry Mitchell. “The Revised AINTNO 100”. 2012年11月14日閲覧。

bbc.co.uk

news.bbc.co.uk

BBC News, Most distant galaxy detected, Tuesday, 25 March 2003, 14:28 GMT
BBC News, Far away stars light early cosmos, Thursday, 14 March 2002, 11:38 GMT
BBC News, Hubble spies most distant object, Thursday, April 15, 1999

caltech.edu

nedipac.caltech.edu

Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, 111: 1475-1502, 1999 December; SEARCH TECHNIQUES FOR DISTANT GALAXIES; INTRODUCTION
"Astrophysics and Space Science" 1999, 269/270, 165-181 ; GALAXIES AT HIGH REDSHIFT - 8. Z > 5 GALAXIES ; Garth Illingworth
OBSERVATIONAL TESTS OF WORLD MODELS; 6.1. Local Tests for Linearity of the Redshift-Distance Relation ; Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 1988. 26: 561-630
THE FIRST 50 YEARS AT PALOMAR: 1949-1999 ; The Early Years of Stellar Evolution, Cosmology, and High-Energy Astrophysics; 5.2.1. The Mount Wilson Years ; Annu. Rev. Astron. Astrophys. 1999. 37: 445-486
NED, Searching NED for object "3C 123"

astro.caltech.edu

The Discovery of Radio Galaxies and Quasars

cornell.edu

curious.astro.cornell.edu

Karen Masters (2003年12月). “Curious About Astronomy: Can any galaxies be seen with the naked eye?”. Ask an Astronomer. 2008年11月1日閲覧。

doi.org

Smith, Robert T. (1941). “The Radial Velocity of a Peculiar Nebula”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 53: 187. Bibcode: 1941PASP...53..187S. doi:10.1086/125301.
Burbidge, E. Margaret (1964). “The Strange Extragalactic Systems: Mayall's Object and IC 883”. Astrophysical Journal 140: 1617. Bibcode: 1964ApJ...140.1617B. doi:10.1086/148070.
Baade, W.; Minkowski, R. (1954). “On the Indentification of Radio Sources”. Astrophysical Journal 119: 215. Bibcode: 1954ApJ...119..215B. doi:10.1086/145813.
Inglis, Mike. Galaxies. pp. 157-189. doi:10.1007/978-1-84628-736-7_4.
Astrophysical Journal, "Identification of the Radio Sources in Cassiopeia (A), Cygnus A, and Puppis A", Baade, W.; Minkowski, R., vol. 119, p.206, January 1954, doi:10.1086/145812 , Bibcode: 1954ApJ...119..206B
Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, "The Structure of Radio Galaxies", Moffet, Alan T., vol. 4, p.145, 1966, doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.04.090166.001045 , Bibcode: 1966ARA&A...4..145M
Romani; David Sowards-Emmerd; Lincoln Greenhill; Peter Michelson (2004). “Q0906+6930: The Highest-Redshift Blazar”. The Astrophysical Journal 610: L9-L11. arXiv:astro-ph/0406252. Bibcode: 2004ApJ...610L...9R. doi:10.1086/423201.
Rodriguez Zaurin, J.; Tadhunter, C. N.; Gonzalez Delgado, R. M. (2008). “Optical spectroscopy of Arp220: the star formation history of the closest ULIRG”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 384 (3): 875. arXiv:0711.0166. Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.384..875R. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12658.x.
Lehnert, M. D.; Nesvadba, N. P. H.; Cuby, J.-G.; Swinbank, A. M.; Morris, S.; Clement, B.; Evans, C. J.; Bremer, M. N. et al. (2010). “Spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy at redshift z = 8.6”. Nature 467 (7318): 940-942. arXiv:1010.4312. Bibcode: 2010Natur.467..940L. doi:10.1038/nature09462. PMID 20962840.
Capak, Peter; Carilli, C. L.; Lee, N.; Aldcroft, T.; Aussel, H.; Schinnerer, E.; Wilson, G. W.; Yun, M. S. et al. (2008). “Spectroscopic Confirmation of an Extreme Starburst at Redshift 4.547”. The Astrophysical Journal 681 (2): L53-L56. arXiv:0806.0657. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...681L..53C. doi:10.1086/590555.
Nature 443, 186-188 (14 September 2006), A galaxy at a redshift z = 6.96, doi:10.1038/nature05104;
Yoshi Taniguchi (2008). “Star Forming Galaxies at z > 5”. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3. arXiv:0804.0644. doi:10.1017/S1743921308020796.
Hu, E. M.; Cowie, L. L.; McMahon, R. G.; Capak, P.; Iwamuro, F.; Kneib, J.-P.; Maihara, T.; Motohara, K. (2002). “A Redshift [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC]?=-6.56 Galaxy behind the Cluster Abell 370”. The Astrophysical Journal 568 (2): L75-L79. arXiv:astro-ph/0203091. Bibcode: 2002ApJ...568L..75H. doi:10.1086/340424.
Hu, Esther M.; McMahon, Richard G.; Cowie, Lennox L. (1999). “An Extremely Luminous Galaxy at [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC] = 5.74”. The Astrophysical Journal 522: L9-L12. arXiv:astro-ph/9907079. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...522L...9H. doi:10.1086/312205.
Franx, Marijn; Illingworth, Garth D.; Kelson, Daniel D.; Van Dokkum, Pieter G.; Tran, Kim-Vy (1997). “A Pair of Lensed Galaxies at [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC] = 4.92 in the Field of CL 1358+62”. The Astrophysical Journal 486 (2): L75-L78. arXiv:astro-ph/9704090. Bibcode: 1997ApJ...486L..75F. doi:10.1086/310844.
Hyron Spinrad; Arjun Dey; Graham (1995). “Keck Observations of the Most Distant Galaxy: 8C1435+63 at z=4.25”. The Astrophysical Journal 438: L51. arXiv:astro-ph/9411007. Bibcode: 1995ApJ...438L..51S. doi:10.1086/187713.
Miley, G. K.; Chambers, K. C.; van Breugel, W. J. M.; Macchetto, F. (1992). “Hubble Space Telescope imaging of distant galaxies - 4C 41.17 at Z = 3.8”. Astrophysical Journal 401: L69. Bibcode: 1992ApJ...401L..69M. doi:10.1086/186673.
Chambers, K. C.; Miley, G. K.; van Breugel, W. J. M. (1990). “4C 41.17 - A radio galaxy at a redshift of 3.8”. Astrophysical Journal 363: 21. Bibcode: 1990ApJ...363...21C. doi:10.1086/169316.
Le Fevre, O.; Hammer, F.; Nottale, L.; Mazure, A.; Christian, C. (1988). “Peculiar morphology of the high-redshift radio galaxies 3C 13 and 3C 256 in subarcsecond seeing”. Astrophysical Journal 324: L1. Bibcode: 1988ApJ...324L...1L. doi:10.1086/185078.
Smith, H. E.; Junkkarinen, V. T.; Spinrad, H.; Grueff, G.; Vigotti, M. (1979). “Spectrophotometry of three high-redshift radio galaxies - 3C 6.1, 3C 265, and 3C 352”. The Astrophysical Journal 231: 307. Bibcode: 1979ApJ...231..307S. doi:10.1086/157194.
McCarthy, P J (1993). “High Redshift Radio Galaxies”. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 31: 639-688. Bibcode: 1993ARA&A..31..639M. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.003231.
Sandage, Allan (1961). “The Ability of the 200-INCH Telescope to Discriminate Between Selected World Models”. Astrophysical Journal 133: 355. Bibcode: 1961ApJ...133..355S. doi:10.1086/147041.
Humason, M. L.; Mayall, N. U.; Sandage, A. R. (1956). “Redshifts and magnitudes of extragalactic nebulae”. Astron. J. 61: 97. Bibcode: 1956AJ.....61...97H. doi:10.1086/107297.
Bolton, J. G. (1969). “Extragalactic Radio Sources”. Astronomical Journal 74: 131. Bibcode: 1969AJ.....74..131B. doi:10.1086/110786. A&AAid:AAA001.141.093
Humason, M. L. (1936). “The Apparent Radial Velocities of 100 Extra-Galactic Nebulae”. Astrophysical Journal 83: 10. Bibcode: 1936ApJ....83...10H. doi:10.1086/143696.
Humason, Milton L. (1931). “Apparent Velocity-Shifts in the Spectra of Faint Nebulae”. Astrophysical Journal 74: 35. Bibcode: 1931ApJ....74...35H. doi:10.1086/143287.
Hubble, Edwin; Humason, Milton L. (1931). “The Velocity-Distance Relation among Extra-Galactic Nebulae”. Astrophysical Journal 74: 43. Bibcode: 1931ApJ....74...43H. doi:10.1086/143323.
Humason, M. L. (1930). “The Rayton short-focus spectrographic objective”. Astrophys. J. 71: 351. Bibcode: 1930ApJ....71..351H. doi:10.1086/143255.
Trimble, Virginia (1996). “H_0: The Incredible Shrinking Constant, 1925-1975”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 108: 1073. Bibcode: 1996PASP..108.1073T. doi:10.1086/133837.
“The Berkeley Meeting of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific, June 20-21, 1929”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 41: 244. (1929). Bibcode: 1929PASP...41..244.. doi:10.1086/123945.
Hu; McMahon (1996). “Detection of Lyman-alpha Emitting Galaxies at Redshift z=4.55”. Nature 382 (6588): 231-233. arXiv:astro-ph/9606135. Bibcode: 1996Natur.382..231H. doi:10.1038/382231a0.
Elston, Richard; Bechtold, Jill; Hill, Gary J.; Ge, Jian (1996). “A Redshift 4.38 MG II Absorber toward BR 1202-0725”. Astrophysical Journal Letters v.456 456: L13. Bibcode: 1996ApJ...456L..13E. doi:10.1086/309853.
Djorgovski, S.; Strauss, Michael A.; Spinrad, Hyron; McCarthy, Patrick; Perley, R. A. (1987). “A galaxy at a redshift of 3.215 - Further studies of the PKS 1614+051 system”. Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256) 93: 1318. Bibcode: 1987AJ.....93.1318D. doi:10.1086/114414.
Spinrad, H. (1975). “3C 123: a distant first-ranked cluster galaxy at z = 0.637”. Astrophys. J. 199: L3. Bibcode: 1975ApJ...199L...3S. doi:10.1086/181835.
Cooke, Jeff; Barton, Elizabeth J.; Bullock, James S.; Stewart, Kyle R.; Wolfe, Arthur M. (2008). “A Candidate Brightest Protocluster Galaxy atz= 3.03”. The Astrophysical Journal 681 (2): L57-L60. arXiv:0803.3808. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...681L..57C. doi:10.1086/590406.

esahubble.org

Hubble, "Hubble finds a new contender for galaxy distance record", 26 January 2011

eso.org

ESO Press Release 25/00 , Most Massive Spiral Galaxy Known in the Universe , 8 December 2000
ESO Press Release 11/95, ESO Astronomers Detect a Galaxy at the Edge of the Universe, 15 September 1995

findarticles.com

The Independent, Science & technology: WHAT ON EARTH?, 28 February 2004

google.co.jp

books.google.co.jp

Starburst Galaxies: Proceedings of a Workshop (page 27) ; 2001 ; ISBN 3-540-41472-X
National Academy of Sciences; Biographical Memoirs: V. 52 - VESTO MELVIN SLIPHER; ISBN 0-309-03099-4

harvard.edu

ui.adsabs.harvard.edu

Smith, Robert T. (1941). “The Radial Velocity of a Peculiar Nebula”. Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific 53: 187. Bibcode: 1941PASP...53..187S. doi:10.1086/125301.
Burbidge, E. Margaret (1964). “The Strange Extragalactic Systems: Mayall's Object and IC 883”. Astrophysical Journal 140: 1617. Bibcode: 1964ApJ...140.1617B. doi:10.1086/148070.
Baade, W.; Minkowski, R. (1954). “On the Indentification of Radio Sources”. Astrophysical Journal 119: 215. Bibcode: 1954ApJ...119..215B. doi:10.1086/145813.
Burbidge, G. (1999). “Baade & Minkowski's Identification of Radio Sources”. Astrophysical Journal 525: 569. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...525C.569B.
Scientific American, "The Ghostliest Galaxies", GD Bothun, Vol. 276, No. 2, February 1997, pp.40-45, Bibcode: 1997SciAm.276b..40B
Astrophysical Journal, "Identification of the Radio Sources in Cassiopeia (A), Cygnus A, and Puppis A", Baade, W.; Minkowski, R., vol. 119, p.206, January 1954, doi:10.1086/145812 , Bibcode: 1954ApJ...119..206B
Brunthaler, A.; et al. (2000). Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters 357: 45. arXiv:astro-ph/0004256. Bibcode: 2000A&A...357L..45B.
Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics, "The Structure of Radio Galaxies", Moffet, Alan T., vol. 4, p.145, 1966, doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.04.090166.001045 , Bibcode: 1966ARA&A...4..145M
Romani; David Sowards-Emmerd; Lincoln Greenhill; Peter Michelson (2004). “Q0906+6930: The Highest-Redshift Blazar”. The Astrophysical Journal 610: L9-L11. arXiv:astro-ph/0406252. Bibcode: 2004ApJ...610L...9R. doi:10.1086/423201.
Rodriguez Zaurin, J.; Tadhunter, C. N.; Gonzalez Delgado, R. M. (2008). “Optical spectroscopy of Arp220: the star formation history of the closest ULIRG”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 384 (3): 875. arXiv:0711.0166. Bibcode: 2008MNRAS.384..875R. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2007.12658.x.
Murray, Steven (1999). “ACIS Imaging of the Starburst Galaxy M82”. Chandra Proposal ID #01700041: 362. Bibcode: 1999cxo..prop..362M.
Grebel (2000). “Star Clusters in Local Group Galaxies”. , "Massive Stellar Clusters", ASP Conf. Ser. Vol. , eds. A. Lancon & C. Boily (Provo:ASP) 2000 (211): 262-269. arXiv:astro-ph/9912529. Bibcode: 2000ASPC..211..262G.
Lehnert, M. D.; Nesvadba, N. P. H.; Cuby, J.-G.; Swinbank, A. M.; Morris, S.; Clement, B.; Evans, C. J.; Bremer, M. N. et al. (2010). “Spectroscopic confirmation of a galaxy at redshift z = 8.6”. Nature 467 (7318): 940-942. arXiv:1010.4312. Bibcode: 2010Natur.467..940L. doi:10.1038/nature09462. PMID 20962840.
Capak, Peter; Carilli, C. L.; Lee, N.; Aldcroft, T.; Aussel, H.; Schinnerer, E.; Wilson, G. W.; Yun, M. S. et al. (2008). “Spectroscopic Confirmation of an Extreme Starburst at Redshift 4.547”. The Astrophysical Journal 681 (2): L53-L56. arXiv:0806.0657. Bibcode: 2008ApJ...681L..53C. doi:10.1086/590555.
Hu, E. M.; Cowie, L. L.; McMahon, R. G.; Capak, P.; Iwamuro, F.; Kneib, J.-P.; Maihara, T.; Motohara, K. (2002). “A Redshift [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC]?=-6.56 Galaxy behind the Cluster Abell 370”. The Astrophysical Journal 568 (2): L75-L79. arXiv:astro-ph/0203091. Bibcode: 2002ApJ...568L..75H. doi:10.1086/340424.
Hu, Esther M.; McMahon, Richard G.; Cowie, Lennox L. (1999). “An Extremely Luminous Galaxy at [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC] = 5.74”. The Astrophysical Journal 522: L9-L12. arXiv:astro-ph/9907079. Bibcode: 1999ApJ...522L...9H. doi:10.1086/312205.
Franx, Marijn; Illingworth, Garth D.; Kelson, Daniel D.; Van Dokkum, Pieter G.; Tran, Kim-Vy (1997). “A Pair of Lensed Galaxies at [CLC][ITAL]z[/ITAL][/CLC] = 4.92 in the Field of CL 1358+62”. The Astrophysical Journal 486 (2): L75-L78. arXiv:astro-ph/9704090. Bibcode: 1997ApJ...486L..75F. doi:10.1086/310844.
Hyron Spinrad; Arjun Dey; Graham (1995). “Keck Observations of the Most Distant Galaxy: 8C1435+63 at z=4.25”. The Astrophysical Journal 438: L51. arXiv:astro-ph/9411007. Bibcode: 1995ApJ...438L..51S. doi:10.1086/187713.
Miley, G. K.; Chambers, K. C.; van Breugel, W. J. M.; Macchetto, F. (1992). “Hubble Space Telescope imaging of distant galaxies - 4C 41.17 at Z = 3.8”. Astrophysical Journal 401: L69. Bibcode: 1992ApJ...401L..69M. doi:10.1086/186673.
Chambers, K. C.; Miley, G. K.; van Breugel, W. J. M. (1990). “4C 41.17 - A radio galaxy at a redshift of 3.8”. Astrophysical Journal 363: 21. Bibcode: 1990ApJ...363...21C. doi:10.1086/169316.
Le Fevre, O.; Hammer, F.; Nottale, L.; Mazure, A.; Christian, C. (1988). “Peculiar morphology of the high-redshift radio galaxies 3C 13 and 3C 256 in subarcsecond seeing”. Astrophysical Journal 324: L1. Bibcode: 1988ApJ...324L...1L. doi:10.1086/185078.
Lilly, S. J.; Longair, M. S. (1984). “Stellar populations in distant radio galaxies”. Royal Astronomical Society 211: 833. Bibcode: 1984MNRAS.211..833L.
Longair, M. S. (1984). “The Most Distant Galaxies”. Journal of the British Astronomical Association 94: 97. Bibcode: 1984JBAA...94...97L.
. Bibcode: 1983S&T....65..321S.
Smith, H. E.; Junkkarinen, V. T.; Spinrad, H.; Grueff, G.; Vigotti, M. (1979). “Spectrophotometry of three high-redshift radio galaxies - 3C 6.1, 3C 265, and 3C 352”. The Astrophysical Journal 231: 307. Bibcode: 1979ApJ...231..307S. doi:10.1086/157194.
McCarthy, P J (1993). “High Redshift Radio Galaxies”. Annual Review of Astronomy and Astrophysics 31: 639-688. Bibcode: 1993ARA&A..31..639M. doi:10.1146/annurev.aa.31.090193.003231.
Sandage, Allan (1961). “The Ability of the 200-INCH Telescope to Discriminate Between Selected World Models”. Astrophysical Journal 133: 355. Bibcode: 1961ApJ...133..355S. doi:10.1086/147041.
Hubble, E. P. (1953). “The law of red shifts (George Darwin Lecture)”. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 113: 658. Bibcode: 1953MNRAS.113..658H.
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