Prescott, J.R., Robertson, G.B., Shoemaker, C., Shoemaker, E.M. and Wynn, J. (2004) "Luminescence dating of the Wabar meteorite craters, Saudi Arabia", Journal of Geophysical Research, 109 (E01008), doi:10.1029/2003JE002136
“Qarmatiyyah”. Overview of World Religions. St. Martin's College. 2007年5月4日閲覧。
wikipedia.org
en.wikipedia.org
WENSINCK, A. J. (1978). "KA'BA". In van Donzel, E.[in 英語]; Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch.[in 英語]; Bosworth, C. E.[in 英語] (eds.). The Encyclopaedia of Islam, New Edition, Volume IV: Iran–Kha. Leiden: E. J. Brill. pp. 318–322.
Shaykh Tabarsi, Tafsir, vol. 1, pp. 460, 468. Quoted in translation by Francis E. Peters, Muhammad and the Origins of Islam, p. 5. SUNY Press, 1994. ISBN 0-7914-1876-6