Schaefer, Richard T. (ed.) (2008). Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Society. Sage, გვ. 1096. ISBN978-1-4129-2694-2. „For example, in many parts of Latin America, racial groupings are based less on the biological physical features and more on an intersection between physical features and social features such as economic class, dress, education, and context. Thus, a more fluid treatment allows for the construction of race as an achieved status rather than an ascribed status as is the case in the United States.“
Nutini, Hugo (2009). [https://archive.org/details/socialstratifica00nuti_426 Social Stratification in central Mexico
1500–2000]. University of Texas Press, გვ. 55. „There are basically four operational categories that may be termed ethnic or even racial in Mexico today: (1) güero or blanco (white), denoting European and Near East extraction; (2) criollo (creole), meaning light mestizo in this context but actually of varying complexion; (3) mestizo, an imprecise category that includes many phenotypic variations; and (4) indio, also an imprecise category. These are nominal categories, and neither güero/blanco nor criollo is a widely used term (see Nutini 1997: 230). Nevertheless, there is a popular consensus in Mexico today that these four categories represent major sectors of the nation and that they can be arranged into a rough hierarchy: whites and creoles at the top, a vast population of mestizos in the middle, and Indians (perceived as both a racial and an ethnic component) at the bottom. This popular hierarchy does not constitute a stratificational system or even a set of social classes, however, because its categories are neither exhaustive nor mutually exclusive. While very light skin is indeed characteristic of the country's elite, there is no "white" (güero) class. Rather, the superordinate stratum is divided into four real classes—aristocracy, plutocracy, political class, and the crème of the upper-middle class—or, for some purposes, into ruling, political, and prestige classes (see Chap. 4). Nor is there a mestizo class, as phenotypical mestizos are found in all classes, though only rarely among the aristocracy and very frequently in the middle and lower classes. Finally, the bottom rungs are not constituted mainly of Indians, except in some localized areas, such as the Sierra Norte de Puebla“
Bakewell, Peter (1997). A History of Latin America. Malden, Mass.: Blackwell, გვ. 160–163. ISBN0-631-16791-9. „The Spaniards generally regarded [local Indian lords/caciques] as hidalgos, and used the honorific 'don' with the more eminent of the them. […] Broadly speaking, Spaniards in the Indies in the sixteenth century arranged themselves socially less and less by Iberian criteria or frank, and increasingly by new American standards. […] simple wealth gained from using America's human and natural resources soon became a strong influence on social standing.“
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The N-11: More Than an Acronym. Appendix II: Projections in Detail. Goldman Sachs Economic Research. დაარქივებულია ორიგინალიდან — 2009-06-11. ციტირების თარიღი: 2014-06-26.
Human Development Report 2012. Table 1: Human Development Index and its components. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). დაარქივებულია ორიგინალიდან — 2019-08-08. ციტირების თარიღი: 2014-06-26.
Human Development Report 2011. Table 3: Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index. United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). დაარქივებულია ორიგინალიდან — 2014-02-01. ციტირების თარიღი: 2014-06-26.
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Global Peace Index 2012. Global Peace Index rankings. Institute for Economics and Peace (IEP). დაარქივებულია ორიგინალიდან — 2012-06-13. ციტირების თარიღი: 2014-06-26.
