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MacDonald K, Jackson J, Bowman R, Polesky H, Rhame F, Balfour H, Osterholm M (1989). “Performance characteristics of serologic tests for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody among Minnesota blood donors. Public health and clinical implications”. 《Ann Intern Med》 110 (8): 617–21. doi:10.7326/0003-4819-110-8-617. PMID2648922.
Busch M, Eble B, Khayam-Bashi H, Heilbron D, Murphy E, Kwok S, Sninsky J, Perkins H, Vyas G (1991). “Evaluation of screened blood donations for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection by culture and DNA amplification of pooled cells”. 《N Engl J Med》 325 (1): 1–5. doi:10.1056/NEJM199107043250101. PMID2046708.